The NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) was officially incorporated in 1911 with the mission to promote equality of rights and eradicate race prejudice in the United States. Its founding was sparked by the 1908 Springfield Race Riot in Illinois and the prevalent lynching of black men. Key figures like Mary White Ovington, William English Walling, and Henry Moskowitz initiated the movement in January 1909, culminating in the organization's founding meeting on February 12, 1909, the 100th anniversary of President Abraham Lincoln's birth.

Prominent African American leaders like W.E.B. Du Bois, Ida B. Wells, and Archibald Grimké, along with supportive white activists, played significant roles in establishing the NAACP. The organization's first conference on May 30, 1909, formed the National Negro Committee, leading to the official naming of the NAACP in May 1910 and the election of its initial officers, including the first president, Moorfield Storey.

The Jewish community significantly supported the NAACP's early efforts, with figures like Joel Spingarn and Jacob Schiff contributing to its leadership and funding. Albert Einstein was also an active member, denouncing racism as a severe issue in America.

Today, the NAACP remains dedicated to achieving political, educational, social, and economic equality, removing racial discrimination, educating the public about racial issues, and advocating for civil rights laws. The organization continues to be a leader in civil rights and community service.