Immigrant Culture in Pueblo

by Jose Chavez

Purpose Statement

Immigration is a topic that could be seen as a positive or negative discussion. This is being written, not as a way to change your opinions on immigration or its policies, but to give you a better understanding of the people behind the word "immigrant." As a proud child of immigrants, I have made a vow to put the discussion of immigration in a better light. Not only did my family come here to make a better life for themselves, just like those who came from Europe to work in the Steel mill all those years ago, but we also came to make an impact in our community. Now it is more important than ever to have the topic of immigration be discussed by those who will not demoralize it. 

The Beginning

CF&I created an opportunity for European immigrants wanting a new and different life in the United States. Along with their families and names, they also brought their customs, cuisine, and heritage with them to create their own communities.  

Their Impact

Pueblo continues to be a hub for immigrants to find new job opportunities and make their own impact on the city and their communities. From restaurants and murals, we continue to see the positive impact of immigrants.

The Future

Although there has been many steps in the right direction towards immigrations rights and acknowledgment, there is always room for improvement. Now with Latin immigrants being the topic of discussion there must be change in our society. 

CF&I

The Colorado Steel & Iron played a huge role in cultivating the cultural melting pot that is Pueblo. From Italian, German, Dutch, Spanish, Mexican, and other Latin countries, Pueblo has earned the melting pot title. CF&I once had 40 different languages being spoken by the people they employed. They had a newsletter titled Camp and Plant to communicate with their employees and some of the languages the articles were released in were German, Spanish, Italian, and Slovenian.

Images of Camp and Plant provided by the Steelworks Center of the West

Gagliano's

Gagliano's Italian Market and Deli has been a staple store in Pueblo's history for over 100 years! They are an iconic family-owned grocery store that was founded by "hard-working immigrants" as stated by Vince Gagliano who is the current owner of the restaurant. The proper way to pronounce their name is "Galiano" and when the family first arrived they spoke a Sicilian dialect of Italian. The neighborhood where the Gagliano's had their business was in the Bessemer neighborhood. That's where a majority of Italians lived, with the Slovenians being on the other side of Mesa Hill. There was a plethora of foreign-language newspapers with some of those being La Voce Del Popolo, Coloradeno, Pueblske Novice, and Abruzzo-Molise.

Image provided by the Gagliano's Market website.

Gus' Tavern

We can see their was Dutch heritage in Pueblo as well. 

LaTronica's

This is another Italian restaurant showing the rich Italian heritage that was in Pueblo.

Italian Royal Band

Christopher Columbus Statue

Cultural Collision

Image provided by Take It Down Facebook page.

The Chicano/a and Latino/a communities have come together to help bring down the Christopher Columbus statue, which is seen as a cultural significance to some Italian-Americans.

Image provided by Take It Down Facebook page

Mexican Influence

In Colorado alone there are over 216,688 individuals whose birthplace is in Mexico. Out of those over 200,000 Mexican migrants and immigrants, a whole new culture was cultivated and we are fortunate enough to see one being created in Pueblo, Colorado. Pueblo itself comes from a Spanish word that stands for a village, or it could even represent home. In a Mexican community, when they are referencing their "Pueblo" they are talking about the place that they grew up, which was usually a ranch or very small village. The general area where these communities reside on Pueblo is either the Salt Creek area or the Lower Eastside. 

Mural in Plaza Verde

Mural by Anthony Armijo

Mural by Anthony Armijo

Mural by Leo Lucero

This is a large untitled mural that is located in Plaza Verde Park located on the Lower Eastside of Pueblo. This mural was painted in 1978 to symbolize the ancestors and spirits of the Indigenous communities and their land before being colonized. It has landed on the list of most endangered American heritage sites.

Original photo of mural

The mural has unfortunately gone through several changes due to weather conditions and vandalism. There is a push from the community to have the mural protected and preserved. Ron Serna is a community member who is hoping to protect the mural saying, "Leo (Lucero) painted it as a dedication to the community, to la raza."

La Cucaracha newspaper

Images provided by La Cucaracha archives

La Cucaracha newspaper

Image provided by La Cucaracha archives

Having an Impact

When Lucero first asked city officials to paint a mural in the park he was denied. Lucero painted it anyways. When he was completed with the mural, city officials tried to remove it saying it was "illegal" a word many officials liked to describe Mexicans and other Latin people. Chicano art often depicts Mexican or indigenous roots, causing some sort of emotion of feeling of pride. Some may have found that threatening to have the Chicano and Mexican communities learn or be inspired by their community and heritage. 

Taco Stop

A staple in the Lower Eastside

Taqueria Marquez

Once a tortileria, now Taqueria Marquez feeds the hungry mouths of the Lower Eastside

Janet's Ice Cream

Owners immigrated from Michoacán and started off with a small ice cream van

Image provided by Danielle Rumrill

Di Santi Farm

Many of the immigrants that have come in recent years have started to work in the agricultural side of jobs. Many have become farm workers, helping feed the surrounding communities and the nation. I have had many family and friends who have come to the United States for work and DiSanti Farm has been giving them the chance to work. Although the pay can be 100x better, it is still a good job opportunity for those that may be undocumented. Field work has been the main source of income for the newer generation of immigrants coming to the United States. Along with construction and other back breaking jobs. 

Image drawn by Vanesa Torrez

The Movement Continues

"El Moviemento Sigue" is a phrase used to say that work is still needed to be done. It is also an organization founded by the late Pueblo Activist Rita J. Martinez. El Movimiento sigue is an umbrella organization for many local, regional, and stateside groups. Organizations such as this one were created to help fight and demand better conditions and rights for the Chicano/a, Latino/a, Mexican, and Indigenous communities. These groups are needed as legislators try to pass laws that undermine the immigrant people and their descendants. 

The Future is young!

To best way to preserve our heritage and culture would be to teach it to the younger generations. The Latinx Student Union at Colorado State University Pueblo tries to do just that. They are a group of college students that come from a Latin background. They are taught ways to practice their customs and discuss the kind of discrimination they face as a new generation. It is through the youth that we can dissimilate from the ways the first group of immigrants had gone through. 

Reference Page

-Boyce, Dan. “Pueblo's Steel Mill Was a Melting Pot of Ethnic Diversity in Colorado 100 Years Ago.” Colorado Public Radio, CPR News, 23 July 2019, https://www.cpr.org/2019/07/23/pueblos-steel-mill-was-a-melting-pot-of-ethnic-diversity-in-colorado-100-years-ago/

-Perdoni, Kate. “El Movimiento Sigue Empowers Youth Identity.” RMPBS, RMPBS, 1 May 2021, https://www.rmpbs.org/blogs/rocky-mountain-pbs/el-movimiento-sigue-empowers-youth-identity/.

-Anderson, James. “Colorado Farmworker Rights and Wages Bills Signed into Law, along with Other Measures Aiding Immigrants.” The Colorado Sun, Associated Press, 27 June 2021, https://coloradosun.com/2021/06/27/colorado-farmworker-rights-and-wages-laws/.

-Boyanton, Megan Ulu-Lani. “‘Food Is the Ultimate History Lesson’: Southern Colorado Steel Town Stays Connected to Its Italian Heritage.” The Denver Post, 18 Dec. 2022, https://www.denverpost.com/2022/12/18/pueblo-italian-heritage-gagliano-food-restaurants/.

-“Pueblo in the Roaring 20's:A Decade from Boom to Bust.” CONTENTDM, Pueblo City-County Library District, https://cdm16620.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/custom/roaring_20s.

-Spang, Aletha. “Contested Storytelling in Public Space: An Analysis of Art and Equity in Pueblo, CO.” Geography and Environmental Sciences (GES), 13 May 2022, https://clas.ucdenver.edu/ges/confluence/issue-1/contested-storytelling-public-space-analysis-art-and-equity-pueblo-co