Six Characters in Search of an Author (Italian: Sei personaggi in cerca d'autore [si personaddi in terka dautore]) is an Italian play by Luigi Pirandello, written and first performed in 1921. An absurdist metatheatric play about the relationship among authors, their characters, and theatre practitioners, it premiered at the Teatro Valle in Rome to a mixed reception, with shouts from the audience of "Manicomio!" ("Madhouse!") and "Incommensurabile!" ("Off the scale!"), a reaction to the play's illogical progression. Reception improved at subsequent performances, especially after Pirandello provided for the play's third edition, published in 1925, a foreword clarifying its structure and ideas.

The play was staged in 1921 by the Compagnia di Dario Niccodemi at the Valle Theatre in Rome to mixed results. The public split into supporters and adversaries. The author, who was present at the presentation with his daughter Lietta, was forced to leave the theatre through a side exit in order to avoid the crowd of opponents. However, the play was a great success when presented in Milan.


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Six characters crash a theatre rehearsal searching for an author and a stage to put an end to their tortured story. Reality and illusion are repeatedly tested, as the characters, despite resistance from the acting company, seek to prove that their drama is more real than any dramatic fiction.

A joint production with the Bloomsburg Theatre Ensemble.Thursday, Feb. 23 through Sunday, March 12. Thursdays through Saturdays at 7:30 p.m., Sundays at 3 p.m.Six characters, abandoned by their playwright, interrupt a theatre company's rehearsal to tell the story within them.

Six fictional characters, abandoned by their creator, invade a rehearsal in progress and demand to be brought to life by a new author. But the characters' existential agenda collides with the more lighthearted ambitions of these theatre artists, whose open rehearsal "audience engagement event" becomes darkly entangled with the characters' tragic story. This intimate adaptation of Luigi Pirandello's absurdist classic foregrounds the comedic contrast between melodrama and the contemporary sensibilities of the acting company -- all the while asking us to consider just what we believe to be real.

The Manager [jumping up in a rage]. Ridiculous?Ridiculous? Is it my fault if France won't send us any snore goodcomedies, and we are reduced to putting on Pirandello's works,where nobody understands anything, and where the author plays thefool with us all? [The ACTORSgrin. The MANAGER goes toLEADING MAN and shouts.] Yes sir,you put on the cook's cap and beat eggs. Do you suppose that withall this egg-beating business you are on an ordinary stage? Getthat out of your head. You represent the shell of the eggs youare beating! [Laughter and comments among the ACTORS.] Silence! and listen to my explanations,please! [To LEADING MAN.] "Theempty form of reason without the fullness of instinct, which isblind." -- You stand for reason, your wife is instinct. It's amixing up of the parts, according to which you who act your ownpart become the puppet of yourself. Do you understand?

The Father [determined, coming forward]. Imarvel at your incredulity, gentlemen. Are you not accustomed tosee the characters created by an author spring to life inyourselves and face each other? Just because there is no "book"[Pointing to the PROMPTER'Sbox.] which contains us, you refuse to believe...

The Father. Yes, that is the word! [To MANAGER all at once.] In the sense, thatis, that the author who created us alive no longer wished, or wasno longer able, materially to put us into a work of art. And thiswas a real crime, sir; because he who has had the luck to be borna character can laugh even at death. He cannot die. The man, thewriter, the instrument of the creation will die, but his creationdoes not die. And to live for ever, it does not need to haveextraordinary gifts or to be able to work wonders. Who was SanchoPanza? Who was Don Abbondio? Yet they live eternally because --live germs as they were -- they had the fortune to find afecundating matrix, a fantasy which could raise and nourish them:make them live for ever!

The Manager. All right: "characters" then, if youinsist on calling yourselves such. But here, my dear sir, thecharacters don't act. Here the actors do the acting. Thecharacters are there, in the "book" [Pointing towardsPROMPTER'S box.] -- when there is a"book"!

The Father. I won't contradict you; but excuse me, theactors aren't the characters. They want to be, they pretend tobe, don't they? Now if these gentlemen here are fortunate enoughto have us alive before them...

The Manager. Don't you worry about it. It'll be our jobto find the right tones. And as for her name, if you want herAmalia, Amalia it shall be; and if you don't like it, we'll findanother! For the moment though, we'll call the characters in thisway: [To JUVENILE LEAD.] You arethe Son. [To the LEADING LADY.] Younaturally are the Step-Daughter...

The Father. I understand. And now I think I see why ourauthor who conceived us as we are, all alive, didn't want to putus on the stage after all. I haven't the least desire to offendyour actors. Far from it! But when I think that I am to be actedby...I don't know by whom...

The Manager. Well then, let's have no more of it![Turning to the ACTORS.] We'll havethe rehearsals by ourselves, afterwards, in the ordinary way. Inever could stand rehearsing with the author present. He's neversatisfied! [Turning to FATHERand STEP-DAUGHTER.] Come on! Let'sget on with it again; and try and see if you can't keep fromlaughing.

The Manager [annoyed, shaking his shoulders].Ah! Just your part! But, if you will pardon me, there are otherparts than yours: His [Indicating the FATHER.] and hers! [Indicating the MOTHER.] On the stage you can have a characterbecoming too prominent and overshadowing all the others. Thething is to pack them all into a neat little framework and thenact what is actable. I am aware of the fact that everyone has hisown interior life which he wants very much to put forward. Butthe difficulty lies in this fact: to set out just so much as isnecessary for the stage, taking the other characters intoconsideration, and at the same time hint at the unrevealedinterior life of each. I am willing to admit, my dear young lady,that from your point of view it would be a fine idea if eachcharacter could tell the public all his troubles in a nicemonologue or a regular one hour lecture. [Good humoredly.]You must restrain yourself, my dear, and in your own interest,too; because this fury of yours, this exaggerated disgust youshow, may make a bad impression, you know. After you haveconfessed to me that there were others before him at MadamePace's and more than once...

The Manager. Oh for God's sake, will you at leastfinish with this philosophizing and let us try and shape thiscomedy which you yourself have brought me here? You argue andphilosophize a bit too much, my dear sir.. You know you seem tome almost, almost...[Stops and looks him over from head tofoot.] Ah, by the way, I think you introduced yourself to meas a -- what shall ...we say -- a "character," created by anauthor who did not afterward care to make a drama of his owncreations.

The Manager. Nonsense! Cut that out, please! None of usbelieves it, because it isn't a thing, as you must recognizeyourself, which one can believe seriously. If you want to know,it seems to me you are trying to imitate the manner of a certainauthor whom I heartily detest -- I warn you -- although I haveunfortunately bound myself to put on one of his works. As amatter of fact, I was just starting to rehearse it, when youarrived. [Turning to the ACTORS.]And this is what we've gained -- out of the frying-pan into thefire!

The Father. I don't know to what author you may bealluding, but believe me I feel what I think; and I seem to bephilosophizing only for those who do not think what they feel,because they blind themselves with their own sentiment. I knowthat for many people this self-blinding seems much more "human";but the contrary is really true. For man never reasons so muchand becomes so introspective as when he suffers; since he isanxious to get at the cause of his sufferings, to learn who hasproduced them, and whether it is just or unjust that he shouldhave to bear them. On the other hand, when he is happy, he takeshis happiness as it comes and doesn't analyze it, just as ifhappiness were his right. The animals suffer without reasoningabout their sufferings. But take the case of a man who suffersand begins to reason about it. Oh no! it can't be allowed! Lethim suffer like an animal, and then -- ah yet, he is "human"!

The Father. You have never met such a case, sir,because authors, as a rule, hide the labour of their creations.When the characters are really alive before their author, thelatter does nothing but follow them in their action, in theirwords, in the situations which they suggest to him; and he has towill them the way they will themselves -- for there's trouble ifhe doesn't. When a character is born, he acquires at once such anindependence, even of his own author, that he can be imagined byeverybody even in many other situations where the author neverdreamed of placing him; and so he acquires for himself a meaningwhich the author never thought of giving him.. ff782bc1db

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