Nouns in Silesian are divided into three groups: masculine, feminine and neuter. The generalized rule is that:
Masculine (rodzaj mynski) nouns are ended with a consonant, eg. bajtel (a child/boy).
Feminine (rodzaj żyński) nouns are ended with -a, eg. szula (a school).
Neuter (rodzaj nijaki) nouns are ended with -o or -e, eg. miasto (a town).
Unlike in English, speaking eg. about a school (szula) we use a pronoun ôna (she).
Pay attention that in Silesian there are no articles like a, an, the. So "the school" and "a school" is just szula.
Nouns in Silesian are declined regarding their use. There are seven cases, but most of them aren't used or don't need to be used. I will list the most important ones:
When do you use which? Well, you know most of it from English. Nominative is used for the subject.
The school is good. - szula je fajnŏ.
The boy is good. - bajtel je fajny.
The Dative is used for the "beneficiary".
I give it to the boy. - Dŏwōm to bajtlowi.
I help the boy. - Pōmŏgōm bajtlowi.
The Genitive should also be known, it might be used differently sometimes. In English you use the genitive-s.
I go to school. - Idã do szuly. ["do" meaning "to" is used with the Genitive]
The school of the town - szula miasta
Now we come to the Accusative. This is probably also the easiest one because most objects in English are accusatives.
I see the school. - Widzã szulã .
I love the town. - Przajã to miasto.
The Instrumental is used when you want to say that you are something or that you do something with something. Basically all objects with a "with" in front are Instrumental.
I am a boy - Je żech bajtlym.
I go with the boy - Idã z bajtlym.
Now we come to the Locative. The Locative is used to determine the place or the topic.
I think of school. - Myślã ô szule.
I am next to the boys. - Je żech kole bajtlach. (bajtlōw?)
There is also the Vocative. It is used when you address someone. Nonetheless, it is often very irregular and also only used frequently. In the future you will learn it by examples.