How To Build Sheep Fencing And Shelters

How to Build Sheep Fencing and Shelters

How to Build Sheep Fencing and Shelters

Building proper fencing and shelters is crucial for the successful management of a sheep farm. These structures help keep the flock safe, comfortable, and healthy while facilitating efficient care. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you understand how to build effective sheep fencing and shelters for your flock.

1. Planning Your Sheep Fencing

Before beginning construction, it's important to plan the layout of your farm. Consider factors such as:

• Size of the Flock: The number of sheep you have will determine the size of your fencing and the amount of space needed.

• Predator Protection: Fencing should be designed to prevent predators, like dogs, coyotes, or foxes, from getting to your sheep.

• Grazing Area: Sheep need a large area to graze. Plan for multiple grazing areas to rotate your sheep and avoid overgrazing.

• Accessibility: Fencing should provide easy access for maintenance, handling, and movement of the sheep.

2. Choosing the Right Type of Fence

The type of fencing you choose for your sheep farm depends on several factors, such as budget, purpose, and local regulations. Common types of sheep fencing include:

• Woven Wire Fencing: This is one of the most common and secure types of fencing for sheep. The wire is tightly woven into a mesh with vertical and horizontal wires, creating a strong barrier. It’s durable and effective at keeping sheep in and predators out.

  • Height: At least 4 feet tall for standard fencing, though 5 feet is ideal for larger flocks or more active sheep.

  • Gauge: Use a 12-gauge wire for strength and longevity.

• Electric Fencing: Electric fencing can be used alone or in combination with other types of fencing. It’s an affordable and effective way to manage sheep without the need for high fencing.

  • Voltage: Ensure the voltage is strong enough to deter predators but not too strong to harm the sheep.

  • Placement: Electric wires should be placed at multiple heights, typically at ground level, waist-height, and slightly above to discourage sheep from jumping or pushing through.

• Post and Rail Fencing: This type of fence consists of wooden posts with horizontal wooden rails. It is durable and aesthetically pleasing but may not be as secure against predators unless combined with mesh or electric wires.

• High Tensile Wire Fencing: Known for its strength and durability, high tensile wire can stretch to cover large areas. It requires tensioning and regular maintenance but can last a long time.

3. Building the Fencing

Once you’ve selected the type of fencing, follow these steps to build a secure fence:

Materials Needed:

• Posts: Use pressure-treated wood, metal, or durable plastic posts. Metal posts are typically more durable and resistant to weather conditions.

• Wire: Choose your wire based on the type of fence, such as woven wire, electric wire, or high-tensile wire.

• Gate: A sturdy gate is essential for accessing your sheep’s grazing area and barn.

• Tools: Post hole digger, hammer, fence staples, wire cutters, and tensioning tools.

Step-by-Step Instructions:

1. Mark the Fence Line: Use stakes and string to mark where your fence will go. Ensure the path is straight and avoids obstructions like trees or uneven ground.

2. Dig Post Holes: The holes should be 2-3 feet deep for stability. Space the posts 8-12 feet apart, depending on the type of fence.

3. Set the Posts: Place each post into the hole and backfill it with gravel or concrete for stability. Make sure the posts are level and straight.

4. Attach the Wire: For woven wire, roll it along the posts and secure it with fence staples, making sure it’s taut and secure. For electric fencing, connect the wires to insulators attached to the posts.

5. Install Gates: Gates should be wide enough to accommodate farm vehicles and equipment. Install sturdy, secure gates that will not easily break or swing open.

6. Test the Fence: Check the fence for gaps or weak spots and repair as necessary. Ensure the electric fence is working and is properly grounded.

4. Building Sheep Shelters

While sheep are hardy animals, having access to shelter is crucial, especially during extreme weather conditions. Shelters offer protection from rain, wind, snow, and excessive heat. Shelters also provide a safe space for lambing and shearing.

Materials Needed:

• Wooden Beams or Metal Frames: For constructing the frame of the shelter.

• Roofing Material: Metal sheets, corrugated plastic, or sturdy tarps to protect against rain and snow.

• Flooring Material: Gravel, wood, or mats for a dry, clean surface.

• Insulation (Optional): If you live in a very cold climate, insulation will help maintain a more consistent temperature inside the shelter.

Step-by-Step Instructions:

1. Choose a Location: Select a flat, well-drained area for the shelter, ideally on a slight slope so water drains away. Ensure it's close to grazing areas but not too far from water and feed supplies.

2. Frame the Structure: Use wooden beams or metal pipes to construct a simple rectangular or square frame. The shelter should be at least 10-12 feet wide to allow the sheep to move comfortably inside.

3. Install the Roof: Attach roofing materials to the top of the frame. Metal or corrugated plastic sheets work well for durability and to keep the shelter dry.

4. Add Walls (Optional): If you need to provide extra protection from the wind, add walls made of wood, metal, or high plastic tarps. Leave some open space for ventilation to prevent the shelter from becoming too hot or humid.

5. Flooring: To keep the shelter dry and clean, lay down a layer of gravel or straw on the floor. If the floor is muddy, consider installing wooden planks or mats for easy cleaning.

6. Ventilation: Make sure the shelter has proper ventilation, especially if it’s fully enclosed. Adequate airflow prevents the buildup of ammonia from urine, which can harm the sheep’s respiratory system.

5. Maintenance and Safety

Once your fencing and shelters are built, ongoing maintenance is key to ensuring they remain effective:

• Inspect the Fence Regularly: Check for signs of wear, damage from weather, or potential weak points where predators could enter. Tighten wires as needed, replace broken posts, and check gates for security.

• Clean and Sanitize Shelters: Regularly clean the shelter to keep it free from parasites, waste, and contaminants. Change bedding and ensure the area remains dry.

• Check Electric Fences: Inspect electric fences frequently to ensure they are working. Check the battery, wiring, and grounding system to prevent power loss.

Building sheep fencing and shelters is an essential step in creating a safe, comfortable environment for your flock. Choosing the right materials, following the proper construction steps, and maintaining these structures regularly, you can ensure that your sheep are secure, protected from the elements, and can thrive on your farm. Whether you're protecting your sheep from predators or providing shelter during harsh weather, these structures are key to a successful sheep farming operation.