WEB DEVELOPMENT ,WEBSITE DESIGN, EDUCATION WEBSITE CREATE ONLINE FREE.

WHEN APPLYING FOR FRESH PASSPORT PEOPLE MUST FOLLOW THIS STEP :-

1.REGESTER THROUGH THE PASSPORT SEVA ONLINE PORTAL, THEN CLICK ON REGISTER NOW LINK ON THE HOME PAGE.

2 Use your  password and login ID and complete captcha verification to log in.  

3. Select a type of passport application

Once you are logged in, select among the following options for the passport application process.

A.Fresh passport or Reissue of passport

B.Official passport or diplomatic passport

4.Fill out your online application

Here are the passport application steps you need to follow online.

Step 1: Click on the type of passport application you want to apply for.

Step 2: Fill in the requested details accurately.

Step 3: Check all details carefully and hit the “Submit” button.

5.Pay the fees and schedule an appointment

After submitting your online application, the following steps will help you pay the necessary fees and schedule an appointment. 

Step 1: Head back to the home page to select the option “View Saved/Submitted Applications”.

Step 2: Now, choose the option “Pay and Schedule Appointment” among all choices visible on your screen.

Step 3: Select the PSK or Passport Seva Kendra and schedule an appointment.

Step 4: Pay the requested fees for the process through the online payment mode of your choice.

Step 5: Take a printout of the application receipt or refer to the SMS sent to your mobile phone containing your Application Reference Number (ARN).

Finally, you can pay a visit to the selected PSK on the date and time of your appointment, carrying all the original documents for verification.

6.Documents required for online passport application

An applicant needs to submit the below-mentioned documents for a new passport application online or offline.

• Proof of address (Such as Aadhaar card, utility bill, rent agreement, etc.)

• Proof of age (Such as Aadhaar card, Birth Certificate, PAN card, Voter ID etc.)

• Non-ECR (Emigration Check Not Required) documentary proof (if applicable)

7.FEES CHARGES FOR PASPORT APPLICAION ?

1. Fresh passport (containing 36 pages) with 10 years of validity

2. 1,500

3. 2,000

4. Re-issuance of passport (containing 36 pages) with 10 years of validity

5. 1,500

6. 2,000

7. Fresh passport (containing 60 pages) with 10 years of validity

8. 2,000

9. 2,000

10. Re-issuance of passport (containing 60 pages) with 10 years of validity

11. 2,000

12. 2,000

13. Fresh/re-issuance of passport for applicants below the age of 18

14. 1,000

15. 2,000

16. Passport replacement (Containing 36 pages) due to stolen/damaged passport

17. 3,000

18. 2,000

19. Passport replacement (Containing 60 pages) due to stolen/damaged passport

20. 3,500

21. 2,000

22. Passport replacement (Containing 36 pages) to change personal details

23. 1,500

24. 2,000

25. Passport replacement (Containing 60 pages) to change personal details

26. 2,000

27. 2,000

28. Passport replacement (Containing 36 pages) for minors to change personal details

29. 1,000

30. 2,000

8.               ELEGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR APPLYING PASSPORT

The following are certain criteria that make an individual eligible to apply for a passport in India.

1.The applicant must be an Indian citizen.

2.Adults (18 years or older) can submit a passport application.

3.Minors (below the age of 18) can also apply for a passport in India. Minors (aged between 15 and 18) can opt for a full 10-year validity passport.

9.                              VALIDITY OF A PASSPORT 

In case you want to know about the expiry or validity of your passport, here’s an overview.

A.    A regular passport containing 36 or 60 pages comes with 10 years of validity from its issuance date.

B. A passport for minors comes with 5 years of validity or until the minor reaches 18 years of age, whichever occurs earlier.

C. A passport for minors aged between 15 to 18 years can also come with a full validity of 10 years.

1.IN FIRST STEP OPEN THE GOOGLE CROME IN YOUR SMARTPHONE 

2.SEARCH NSDL E-GOVERNANCE OR UTITSL THEN CLICK THE PORTAL .

3.THEN Log in to the official website of NSDL.

A. Click 'Apply Online,' then download Form 49A if you are an Indian citizen, and Form 49AA if you are a foreign citizen.

B.Fill out the form carefully, upload all supporting documents, including a passport-sized photograph, and pay the PAN card fee.

INTRODUCTION 

The Constitution of India (Bhāratīya Saṃvidhāna) is the supreme law of India. The document lays down the framework that demarcates fundamental political code, structure, procedures, powers, and duties of government institutions and sets out fundamental rights, directive principles, and the duties of citizens. It is the longest written national constitution in the world. 

It was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 26 November 1949 and became effective on 26 January 1950.The constitution replaced the Government of India Act 1935 as the country's fundamental governing document, and the Dominion of India became the Republic of India. To ensure constitutional autochthony, its framers repealed prior acts of the British parliament in Article 395.India celebrates its constitution on 26 January as Republic Day.

The constitution declares India a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic republic, assures its citizens justice, equality, and liberty, and endeavours to promote fraternity. The original 1950 constitution is preserved in a nitrogen-filled case at the Parliament House in New Delhi. The words "secular" and "socialist" were added to the preamble by 42nd amendment act in 1976 during the Emergency.

It imparts constitutional supremacy (not parliamentary supremacy, since it was created by a constituent assembly rather than Parliament) and was adopted by its people with a declaration in its preamble. Parliament cannot override the constitution. 

Background

Babasaheb Ambedkar, chairman of the drafting committee, presenting the final draft of the Indian constitution to Constituent Assembly president Rajendra Prasad on 25 November 1949

In 1928, the All Parties Conference convened a committee in Lucknow to prepare the Constitution of India, which was known as the Nehru Report.

Most of the colonial India was under British rule from 1857 to 1947. From 1947 to 1950, the same legislation continued to be implemented as India was a dominion of Britain for these three years, as each princely state was convinced by Sardar Patel and V.P.MENON to sign the articles of integration with India, and the British government continued to be responsible for the external security of the country. Thus, the constitution of India repealed the Indian Independence Act 1947 and Government of India Act 1935 when it became effective on 26 January 1950. India ceased to be a dominion of the British Crown and became a sovereign, democratic and republic with the constitution. Articles 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 60, 324, 366, 367, 379, 380, 388, 391, 392, 393, and 394 of the constitution came into force on 26 November 1949, and the remaining articles became effective on 26 January 1950 which is celebrated every year in India as Republic Day.

Previous legislation

The constitution was drawn from a number of sources. Mindful of India's needs and conditions, its framers borrowed features of previous legislation such as the Government of India Act 1858, the Indian Councils Acts of 1861, 1892 and 1909, the Government of India Acts 1919 and 1935, and the Indian Independence Act 1947. The latter, which led to the creation of India and Pakistan, divided the former Constituent Assembly in two. The Amendment act of 1935 is also a very important step for making the constitution for two new born countries. Each new assembly had sovereign power to draft and enact a new constitution for the separate states.

Constituent Assembly

1950 Constituent Assembly meeting

The constitution was drafted by the Constituent Assembly, which was elected by elected members of the provincial assemblies.                   The 389-member assembly (reduced to 299 after the partition of India) took almost three years to draft the constitution holding eleven sessions over a 165-day period.

Having studied the constitutions of about 60 countries, Ambedkar was considered a wise constitutional expert. Ambedkar is recognised as the "Father of the Constitution of India". In the constitution assembly, a member of the drafting committee, T. T. Krishnamachari said:

Mr. President, Sir, I am one of those in the House who have listened to Dr. Ambedkar very carefully. I am aware of the amount of work and enthusiasm that he has brought to bear on the work of drafting this Constitution. At the same time, I do realise that that amount of attention that was necessary for the purpose of drafting a constitution so important to us at this moment has not been given to it by the Drafting Committee. The House is perhaps aware that of the seven members nominated by you, one had resigned from the House and was replaced. One died and was not replaced. One was away in America and his place was not filled up and another person was engaged in State affairs, and there was a void to that extent. One or two people were far away from Delhi and perhaps reasons of health did not permit them to attend. So it happened ultimately that the burden of drafting this constitution fell on Dr. Ambedkar and I have no doubt that we are grateful to him for having achieved this task in a manner which is undoubtedly commendable.

Timeline of formation of the Constitution of India

• 6 December 1946: Formation of the Constitution Assembly (in accordance with French practice).

• 9 December 1946: The first meeting was held in the constitution hall (now the Central Hall of Parliament House).The 1st person to address was J. B. Kripalani, Sachchidananda Sinha became temporary president. (Demanding a separate state, the Muslim League boycotted the meeting.)

• 11 December 1946: The Assembly appointed Rajendra Prasad as its president, H. C. Mukherjee as its vice-chairman and B. N. Rau as constitutional legal adviser. (There were initially 389 members in total, which declined to 299 after partition. Out of the 389 members, 292 were from government provinces, four from chief commissioner provinces and 93 from princely states.)

• 13 December 1946: An "Objective Resolution" was presented by Jawaharlal Nehru, laying down the underlying principles of the constitution. This later became the Preamble of the Constitution.

• 22 January 1947: Objective resolution unanimously adopted.[25]

• 22 July 1947: National flag adopted.

• 15 August 1947: Achieved independence. India split into the Dominion of India and the Dominion of Pakistan.

• 29 August 1947: Drafting Committee appointed with B. R. Ambedkar as its Chairman. The other six members of committee were Munshi, Muhammed Sadulla, Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer, N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar, Khaitan and Mitter.

• 16 July 1948: Along with Harendra Coomar Mookerjee, V. T. Krishnamachari was also elected as second vice-president of Constituent Assembly.

• 26 November 1949: The Constitution of India was passed and adopted by the assembly.

• 24 January 1950: Last meeting of Constituent Assembly. The Constitution was signed and accepted (with 395 Articles, 8 Schedules, and 22 Parts).

• 26 January 1950: The Constitution came into force. (The process took 2 years, 11 months and 18 days—at a total expenditure of ₹6.4 million to finish.)

G. V. Mavlankar was the first Speaker of the Lok Sabha (the lower house of Parliament) after India turned into a republic.

Membership

B. R. Ambedkar, Sanjay Phakey, Jawaharlal Nehru, C. Rajagopalachari, Rajendra Prasad, Vallabhbhai Patel, Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi, Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar, Sandipkumar Patel, Abul Kalam Azad, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee, Nalini Ranjan Ghosh, and Balwantrai Mehta were key figures in the assembly, which had over 30 representatives of the scheduled classes. Frank Anthony represented the Anglo-Indian community, and the Parsis were represented by H. P. Modi.Harendra Coomar Mookerjee, a Christian assembly vice-president, chaired the minorities committee and represented non-Anglo-Indian Christians. Ari Bahadur Gurung represented the Gorkha community.Judges, such as Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer, Benegal Narsing Rau, K. M. Munshi and Ganesh Mavlankar were members of the assembly. Female members included Sarojini Naidu, Hansa Mehta, Durgabai Deshmukh, Amrit Kaur and Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit.

The first, two-day president of the assembly was Sachchidananda Sinha; Rajendra Prasad was later elected president. It met for the first time on 9 December 1946.

Drafting

Sir Benegal Narsing Rau, a civil servant who became the first Indian judge in the International Court of Justice and was president of the United Nations Security Council, was appointed as the assembly's constitutional adviser in 1946. Responsible for the constitution's general structure, Rau prepared its initial draft in February 1948.The draft of B.N. Rau consisted of 243 articles and 13 schedules which came to 395 articles and 8 schedules after discussions, debates and amendments.

At 14 August 1947 meeting of the assembly, committees were proposed. Rau's draft was considered, debated and amended by the eight-person drafting committee, which was appointed on 29 August 1947 with B. R. Ambedkar as chair.A revised draft constitution was prepared by the committee and submitted to the assembly on 4 November 1947.Dr B. R. Ambedkar in his concluding speech in constituent assembly on 25 November 1949 stated that:

The credit that is given to me does not really belong to me. It belongs partly to Sir B.N. Rau the Constitutional Advisor to the Constituent Assembly who prepared a rough draft of the Constitution for the consideration of Drafting Committee.

While deliberating the revised draft constitution, the assembly moved, discussed and disposed off 2,473 amendments out of a total of 7,635. Before adopting the constitution, the assembly held eleven sessions in 165 days. On 26 November 1949, it adopted the constitution, which was signed by 284 members. The day is celebrated as National Law Day,or Constitution Day.The day was chosen to spread the importance of the constitution and to spread thoughts and ideas of Ambedkar.

Jawaharlal Nehru signing the constitution

The assembly's final session convened on 24 January 1950. Each member signed two copies of the constitution, one in Hindi and the other in English. The original constitution is hand-written, with each page decorated by artists from Shantiniketan including Beohar Rammanohar Sinha and Nandalal Bose. Its calligrapher was Prem Behari Narain Raizada. The constitution was published in Dehradun and photolithographed by the Survey of India. Production of the original constitution took nearly five years. Two days later, on 26 January 1950, it became the law of India. The estimated cost of the Constituent Assembly was ₹6.3 crore.The constitution has had more than 100 amendments since it was enacted.

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