Basic Computer Training
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INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER
INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER
Basic Components of a Computer System
Basic Components of a Computer System
A computer system works like a team, where each part plays a special role. The three main components that help the computer function properly are:
1. Input Devices
1. Input Devices
Input devices are the tools we use to give instructions or data to the computer. These devices help us communicate with the computer.
Examples of Input Devices:
Keyboard – Used to type letters, numbers, and symbols.
Mouse – Helps to click, drag, and select things on the screen.
Scanner – Converts paper documents into digital form.
Microphone – Sends sound to the computer.
Webcam – Sends video and images.
Purpose: They allow users to enter data or commands into the computer system.
2. Processing Unit (CPU)
2. Processing Unit (CPU)
The Processing Unit is the brain of the computer. It processes the input we give and turns it into useful output. The CPU (Central Processing Unit) performs all the calculations and decision-making.
Main Parts of CPU:
ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) – Performs calculations (like addition, subtraction) and logical operations (like comparing values).
CU (Control Unit) – Controls how data moves within the computer and manages the activities of all parts.
Registers & Cache – Small memory areas inside the CPU for quick data storage.
Purpose: To process the data received from input devices and control the entire computer system.
3. Output Devices
3. Output Devices
Output devices show the result of the computer's work. After processing the data, the computer sends the result to an output device so the user can see, hear, or feel it.
Examples of Output Devices:
Monitor (Screen) – Displays text, images, and videos.
Printer – Gives the output on paper.
Speakers – Play sounds or music.
Projector – Shows screen content on a large surface.
Purpose: They provide the result or feedback of the processed data in a form understandable by users.
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