CNC - VMC Programming

Numerical control is a method of automatically operating a manufacturing machine based on a code of letters, numbers, and special characters.The numerical data required to produce a part is provided to a machine in the form of a program, called part program or CNC program.The program is translated into the appropriate electrical signals for input to motors that run the machine.First NC method was devised and demonstrated by John Parsons in early 1950s

A CNC machine is an NC machine with the added feature of an on-board computer. The computer is referred to as the machine control unit (MCU)CNC lathes share the same two-axis coordinate system. This allows for the transfer of CNC programs among different machines, as all measurements are derived from the same reference points.

In CNC turning there is a primary, or horizontal, axis and a secondary, or vertical, axis. Because the major axis always runs through the spindle(horizontally), the Z axis is usually the longer one. The X axis is perpendicular to the Z axis (or vertical).

It is important to remember that on most CNC lathes the tool post is on the top, or backside, of the machine, unlike on a conventional lathe. This is why the tool is shown above the part in the simulation examples.

Different Types of CNC Machine - Typical Turing, threading, Parting Tools - Programming System - G- CODES (MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTION) -M- CODES (PREPARATORY FUNCTION) - FANUC Display - Different Programming Cycle