Programming in C

Introduction: program concept, Assembler, Compiler & Interpreter, characteristics of a good program, various stages in program development, Algorithms, Flowcharts, pseudocodes, programming technique- top down, bottom-up, structured programming.

Fundamentals of C History & Features of C: C program structure, pre-processor directives, C tokenscharacter set, keywords, identifiers, constants, variables, data types, data types conversion, Expressions, Statements, Use of header files, Defining macros, input/output functions- printf(), scanf(), getchar(), putchar(), gets(), puts() etc. Formatted I/O using control string.

Operators in C: Arithmetic Operators, Logical Operators, assignment operator, Relational Operators, Bitwise Operators, Special Operators: exp, exit(), sizeof(), increment and decrement (post and pre) operators-precedence & associativity, Type casting, C expression data type, order of evaluation of expression

Control Statements: Loop statements: for statement, while statement, Do-while statement, break, continue statement, nested loop. Branching statements: if statement, if- else, nested if. Unconditional branching: goto statement Multiple branching statements: switch case statement

Functions: Basics of function, types of C Functions, Bindings of function, parameters of functions, local and global variables. User-defined Functions - Function declaration, Function prototype, scope and life of variable-actual, formal, call by value, call by reference. Implementations, Accessing a Functions, Arguments and Parameter passing mechanisms, recursion, Storage classes – static auto, extern, and register. built-in function: declaration, Accessing, Parameter passing.