Embedded Files
Translated by Søren Giversen and Birger A. Pearson
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1. The Law verses the Truth
I will speak to those who know to hear not with the ears (of the body) but with the ears (of the mind). For many have sought after the truth and have not been able to find it; because there has taken hold (of them) the old leaven of the Pharisees and the scribes of the Law. And the leaven is the errant desire (of the angels and the demons and the stars). As for the Pharisees and the scribes, it is they who belong to the archons who have authority over them.1
For no one who is under the Law will be able to look up to the truth, for they will not be able to serve two masters2. For the defilement (of the Law) is manifest; but undefilement belongs to the Light. The Law commands (one) to take a husband (or) to take a wife, and to beget, to multiply [like] the sand (of the sea). But passion (which is a delight to them) constrains the souls (of those) who are begotten in this place, those who defile and those who are defiled, in order that the Law might be fulfilled through them. And they show that they are assisting the world; and they turn away from the Light, who are unable to pass by the archon (of darkness) until they pay the last penny.
2. The Descent of the Son (of Humanity)
But the Son (of Humanity) came forth from Imperishability, being alien to defilement. He came to the world by the Jordan river3, and immediately the Jordan turned back. And John bore witness to the descent of Jesus. For it is he who saw the power (which came down upon the Jordan river) for he knew that the dominion (of carnal) procreation had come to an end. The Jordan river is the power (of the body) that is, the senses of pleasures. The water (of the Jordan) is the desire for sexual intercourse. John is the archon of the womb.
And this is what the Son (of Humanity) reveals to us: It is fitting for you (pl.) to receive the word of truth, if one will receive it perfectly. But as for one who is in ignorance, it is difficult for him to diminish his works (of darkness) which he has done. Those who have known Imperishability, however, have been able to struggle against passions [...]. I have said to you, "Do not build nor gather for yourselves in the place where the brigands break open, but bring forth fruit to the Father."
3. True versus False confession
The foolish - thinking in their heart that if they confess, "We are Christians," in word only (but) not with power, while giving themselves over to ignorance, to a human death, not knowing where they are going nor who Christ is, thinking that they will live, when they are (really) in error - hasten towards the principalities and authorities. They fall into their clutches because of the ignorance that is in them. For (if) only words which bear testimony were effecting salvation, the whole world would endure this thing and would be saved. But it is in this way that they drew error to themselves. ...
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... they do not know that they will destroy themselves. If the Father were to desire a human sacrifice, he would become vainglorious.
For the Son (of Man) clothed himself with their first-fruits4; he went down to Hades and performed many mighty works. He raised the dead therein; and the world-rulers (of darkness) became envious of him, for they did not find sin in him. But he also destroyed their works from among men, so that the lame, the blind, the paralytic, the dumb, (and) the demon-possessed were granted healing. And he walked upon the waters (of the sea). For this reason he destroyed his flesh from [...] which he [...]. And he became [...] salvation [...] his death ...
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... everyone [...] how many they are! They are blind guides, like the disciples. They boarded the ship; at about thirty stadies, they saw Jesus walking on the sea. These are empty martyrs, since they bear witness only to themselves. And yet they are sick, and they are not able to raise themselves.
But when they are "perfected" with a (martyr's) death, this is the thought that they have within them: "If we deliver ourselves over to death for the sake (of the Name) we will be saved." These matters are not settled in this way. But through the agency (of the wandering stars) they say they have "completed" their futile "course", and [...] say, [...]. But these [...] they have delivered themselves ...
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... but they resemble [...] them. They do not have the word which gives life.
4. There is no physical resurrection
And some say, "On the last day we will certainly arise in the resurrection." But they do not know what they are saying, for the last day is when those belonging to Christ [...] the earth, which is [...]. When the time was fulfilled, he destroyed their archon (of darkness) [...] soul(s) ...
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... he stood [...] they asked what they have been bound with, and how they might properly release themselves. And they came to know themselves, who they are, or rather, where they are now, and what is the place in which they will rest from their senselessness, arriving at knowledge. These Christ will transfer to the heights, since they have renounced foolishness (and have) advanced to knowledge. And those who have knowledge ...
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... the great [...] resurrection [...], he has to come to know the Son (of Man) that is, he has come to know himself. This is the perfect life, that man know himself by means of the All.
Do not expect, therefore, the carnal resurrection, which is destruction; and they are not stripped of it (the flesh) who err in expecting a resurrection that is empty. They do not know the power (of God) nor do they understand the interpretation of the scriptures, on account of their double-mindedness.
5. The Life Giving Word of the Son of Humanity
The mystery (which the Son of Man5 spoke about), [...], in order that [...] destroy ...
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... man who [...] book, which is written [...] for they have ...
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... blessed [...] within them, and they dwell before God under the light yoke. Those who do not have the life-giving word in their heart will die; and in their thought they have become manifest to the Son (of Man) according to the manner of their activity and their error [...] of this sort. They [...] as he divides the [...], and they do not understand that the Son (of Man) is coming from him.
But when they have come up to [...] sacrifice, they die in a human way, and they deliver themselves ...
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... a death ...
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... those who [...], they are many [...], each one [...] pervert [...] gain [...] their mind. Those who receive him to themselves with uprightness and power and every knowledge are the ones whom he will transfer to the heights, unto life eternal.
6. Sensual pleasures must be renounced
But those who receive him to themselves with ignorance, the pleasures (which are defiled) prevail over them. It is those people who used to say; "God created members for our use, for us to grow in defilement, in order that we might enjoy ourselves." And they cause God to participate with them in deeds of this sort; and they are not steadfast upon the earth. Nor will they reach heaven, but [...] place will [...] four ...
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... unquenchable ...
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7. Born Again by the Word
... word [...] upon the Jordan river, when he came to John at the time he was baptized. The Holy Spirit came down upon him [as] a dove [...] accept for ourselves that he was born (of a virgin) and he took flesh; he [...] having received power. Were we also begotten from a virginal state or conceived by the word? Rather, we have been born again by the word. Let us therefore strengthen ourselves [as] virgins in the [...].
The males dwell [...] the virgin, by means of [...] in the word [...]. But the word of [...] and spirit ...
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... is the Father [...] for the man ...
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8. The Martyrdom (of Isaiah) Signifies divisions
... like Isaiah6 (who was sawed with a saw) (and) he became two. So also the Son (of Man) divides us by the word (of the cross). It divides the day from the night and the light from the darkness and the corruptible from incorruptibility, and it divides the males from the females. But Isaiah is the type of the body. The saw is the word of the Son of Man (which separates us from the error of the angels)7.
9. Renunciation of the World
No one knows the God (of truth) except solely the man who will forsake all of the things of the world, having renounced the whole place, (and) having grasped the fringe of his garment. He has set himself up [as] a power; he has subdued desire in every way within himself. He has [...] and he has turned to him [...], having also examined [...] in becoming [...] the mind. And he [...] from his soul [...] there [...] he has ...
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10. Existential Questions
... in what way [...] the flesh which [...] in what way [...] out of it,
and how many powers does he have?
And who is the one who has bound him?
And who is the one who will loose him?
And what is the light?
And what is the darkness?
And who is the one who has created the earth?
And who is God?
And who are the angels?
And what is soul?
And what is spirit?
And where is the voice?
And who is the one who speaks?
And who is the one who hears?
Who is the one who gives pain?
And who is the one who suffers?
And who is it who has begotten the corruptible flesh?
And what is the governance?
And why are some lame, and some blind, and some [...], and some [...], and some rich, and some poor?
And why are some powerless, some brigands? ...
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... he having [...] as he again [...], fighting against thoughts (of the archons and the powers and the demons) not giving them a place in which to rest.
11. The salvation of the Archetypal Gnostic
But he struggled against their passions [...], he condemned their error. He cleansed his soul from the transgressions (which he had committed with an alien hand). He stood up, being upright within himself, because he exists in everyone, and because he has death and life within himself, and he exists in the midst of both of them. And when he had received the power, he turned towards the parts (of the right) and he entered into the truth, having forsaken all things pertaining to the left, having been filled with wisdom, with counsel, with understanding, and with insight and an eternal power. And he broke open his bonds. Those who had formed the whole place, he condemned. But they did not find [...] hidden within him.
And he gave command to himself; he began to know himself and to speak with his mind (which is the father of the truth) concerning the unbegotten aeons, and concerning the virgin (who brought forth the light). And he thinks about the power which flowed over the whole place, and which takes hold of him. And he is a disciple (of his mind) which is male. He began to keep silent within himself until the day when he should become worthy to be received above. He rejects for himself loquacity and disputations, and he endures the whole place; and he bears up under them, and he endures all of the evil things. And he is patient with every one; he makes himself equal to every one, and he also separates himself from them. And that which someone wants, he brings to him, in order that he might become perfect (and) holy. When the [...], he grasped him, having bound him upon [...], and he was filled with wisdom. He bore witness to the truth [...] the power, and he went into Imperishability, the place whence he came forth, having left the world (which has the appearance of the night) and those that whirl the stars in it.
12. The True Testamony
This, therefore, is the true testimony: When man comes to know himself and God (who is over the truth) he will be saved, and he will crown himself with the crown unfading.
13. John and Elizabeth, Christ and Mary
John was begotten by the World through a woman, Elizabeth; and Christ was begotten by the world through a virgin, Mary. What is (the meaning of) this mystery? John was begotten by means of a womb worn with age, but Christ passed through a virgin's womb. When she had conceived, she gave birth to the Savior. Furthermore, she was found to be a virgin again. Why, then do you (pl.) err and not seek after these mysteries, which were prefigured for our sake?
14. Midrash on the Biblical snake
It is written in the Law concerning this, when God gave a command to Adam, "From every tree you may eat, but from the tree (which is in the midst of Paradise) do not eat, for on the day that you eat from it, you will surely die." But the serpent was wiser than all the animals that were in Paradise, and he persuaded Eve, saying, "On the day when you eat from the tree (which is in the midst of Paradise) the eyes (of your mind) will be opened." And Eve obeyed, and she stretched forth her hand; she took from the tree and ate; she also gave to her husband with her. And immediately they knew that they were naked, and they took some fig-leaves (and) put them on [as] girdles.
But God came at the time of evening, walking in the midst of Paradise. When Adam saw him, he hid himself. And he said,
"Adam, where are you?"
He answered (and) said,
"I have come under the fig tree."
And at that very moment, God knew that he had eaten from the tree of which he had commanded him, "Do not eat of it." And he said to him,
"Who is it who has instructed you?"
And Adam answered,
"The woman whom you have given me."
And the woman said,
"It is the serpent who instructed me."
And he (God) cursed the serpent, and called him "devil."
And he said,
"Behold, Adam has become like one of us, knowing evil and good."
Then he said,
"Let us cast him out of paradise, lest he take from the tree of life, and eat, and live forever."
But what sort is this God? First he maliciously8 refused Adam from eating of the tree of knowledge, and, secondly, he said "Adam, where are you?" God does not have foreknowledge? Would he not know from the beginning? And afterwards, he said, "Let us cast him out of this place, lest he eat of the tree of life and live forever." Surely, he has shown himself to be a malicious grudger!9 And what kind of God is this? For great is the blindness of those who read, and they did not know him. And he said, "I am the jealous God10; I will bring the sins (of the fathers) upon the children until three (and) four generations." And he said, "I will make their heart thick, and I will cause their mind to become blind, that they might not know nor comprehend the things that are said."11 But these things he has said to those who believe in him and serve him!
And in one place, Moses writes, "He made the devil a serpent <for> those whom he has in his generation." Also, in the book which is called "Exodus," it is written thus: "He contended against the magicians, when the place was full of serpents according to their wickedness; and the rod which was in the hand (of Moses) became a serpent, (and) it swallowed the serpents of the magicians."
Again it is written
"He made a serpent of bronze (and) hung it upon a pole ...12
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... which [...] for the one who will gaze upon this bronze serpent, none will destroy him, and the one who will believe in this bronze serpent will be saved." For this is Christ; those who believed in him have received life. Those who did not believe will die.
15. Right and wrong faith
What, then, is this faith? They do not serve ...
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... and you (pl.) [...] we [...] and you do not understand Christ spiritually when you say, "We believe in Christ".
16. The Generation (of Adam)
For this is the way Moses writes in every book. The book of the generation of Adam is written for those who are in the generation (of the Law). They follow the Law and they obey it, and ...
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... together with the ...
pp. 51-54 of codex almost completely missing
17. Heretical leaders and ther schools
... the Ogdoad (which is the eighth) and that we might receive that place of salvation." But they know not what salvation is, but they enter into misfortune, and into a [...] in death, in the waters. This is the baptism (of death) which they observe ...
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... come to death [...] and this is [...] according to ...
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... he completed the course of Valentinus. He himself speaks about the Ogdoad, and his disciples resemble the disciples of Valentinus. They on their part, moreover, [...] leave the good, but they have worship of the idols ...
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... he has spoken many words, and he has written many books [...] words ...
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... they are manifest from the confusion in which they are, in the deceit (of the world). For they go to that place, together with their knowledge (which is vain).
Isidore also (his son) resembled Basilides. He also [...] many, and he [...], but he did not [...] this [...] other disciple(s) [...] blind [...], but he gave them [...] pleasures ...
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... they do not agree with each other. For the Simonians take wives (and) beget children; but the [...] abstain from their [...] nature [...] a passion [...] the drops of [...] anoint them ...
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... which we [...] they agree with each other [...] him [...] they ...
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... judgment(s) [...] these, on account of the [...] them [...] the heretics [...] schism(s) [...] and the males [...] are men [...] will belong to the world-rulers (of darkness)...
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... of the world ...
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... they have [...] the archons [...] power(s) ...
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... judge them [...]. But the [...] word(s) of ...
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... speak, while they [...] become [...] in a fire unquenchable [...] they are punished.
18. The generation of the Son of Humanity
But these who are from the generation of the Son (of Man) have revealed to the [...] in all of the affairs ...
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... But it is difficult to [...] to find one [...] and two ...
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... For the Savior said to his disciples, [...] one in ...
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... and he has [...] wisdom, as well as counsel and understanding and intelligence and knowledge and power and truth. And he has some [...] from above [...], the place where the Son (of Man) ...
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... power [...] guard against ...
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... he knows [...] understands ...
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... worthy of him [...] true [...] alien [...]. But [...], together with [...] evil, in ...
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... he received baptism [...], and those that ...
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pp. 63-64 of codex missing
... in a dream [...] silver [...]. But [...] becomes wealthy [...] among the authorities ...
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... But the sixtieth [...], thus [...] world [...] they [...] gold ...
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... they think ...
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... we have been released from the flesh. ...
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... not turn him to [...] Jesus ...
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... the beginning [...] a son ...
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... out of [...], which is the pattern [...] light of ...
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... to find from [...] defilement which ...
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... they do not blaspheme [...] them not, neither is there any pleasure nor desire, nor can they control them. It is fitting that they should become undefiled, in order that they might show to every one that they are from the generation (of the Son of Man) since it is about them that the Savior bore witness.
19. The Generation of Adam
But those who are from the seed (of Adam) are manifest by their deeds (which are their work). They have not ceased from desire (which is wicked) [...]. But some [...] the dogs [...] the angels for [...] which they beget [...] will come [...] with their ...
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... move as they [...] on the day when they will beget children. Not only that, but they have intercourse while they are giving suck.
But others are caught up in the death of [...]. They are pulled <every> which way, (and) they are gratified by unrighteous Mammon. They lend money at interest; they waste time; and they do not work. But he who is father of Mammon is (also) father of sexual intercourse.
20. Gnostic Renunciation
But he who is able to renounce them shows that he is from the generation (of the Son of Man) (and) has power to accuse them. [...] he restrains [...] part(s) in a [...] in wickedness, and he makes the outer [like] the inner. He resembles an angel which ...
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... power [...] said them. But the one ...
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And having withdrawn [...], he became silent, having ceased from loquacity and disputations. But he who has found the life-giving word, and he who has come to know the Father (of Truth) has come to rest; he has ceased seeking, having found. And when he found, he became silent. But few are the things he used to say to those that [...] with their intellectual mind the [...].
21. True versus false baptism
There are some (who upon entering the faith) receive a baptism on the ground that they have it [as] a hope of salvation, which they call the "seal", not knowing that the fathers (of the world) are manifest (in) that place. But he (himself) knows that he is sealed. For the Son (of Man) did not baptize any of his disciples. But [...], if those who are baptized were headed for life, the world would become empty. And the fathers (of baptism) were defiled.
But the baptism (of truth) is something else; it is by renunciation (of the world) that it is found. But those who say only with the tongue that they are renouncing it are lying, and they are coming to the place of fear. Moreover, they are humbled within it. Just as those to whom it was given to have been condemned, they shall get something!
They are wicked in their behavior!
22. Consorting with Demons
Some of them fall away to the worship of idols. Others have demons dwelling with them, as did David (the king). He is the one who laid the foundation (of Jerusalem); and his son Solomon (whom he begat in adultery) is the one who built Jerusalem by means of the demons, because he received power. When he had finished building, he imprisoned the demons in the temple. He placed them into seven waterpots. They remained a long time in the waterpots, abandoned there. When the Romans went up to Jerusalem, they discovered the waterpots, and immediately the demons ran out of the waterpots, as those who escape from prison. And the waterpots remained pure thereafter. And since those days, they dwell with men who are in ignorance, and they have remained upon the earth.
23. The mysteries of David and Solomon
Who, then, is David? And who is Solomon? And what is the foundation? And what is the wall which surrounds Jerusalem? And who are the demons? And what are the waterpots? And who are the Romans? But these are mysteries ...
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24. The victories (of the Son of Humanity's) Disciples
... victorious over [...] the Son (of Man) [...] undefiled ...
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... and he [...] when he [...]. For [...] is a great ...
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... to this nature ...
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... those that [...] all in a [...] blessed, and they [...] like a salamander. It goes into the flaming fire (which burns exceedingly); it slithers into the furnace ...
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... the furnace ...
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... the boundaries [...], that they might see [...] and the power [...] sacrifice. Great is the sacrifice ...
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..., but in a [...] aside [...]. And the Son (of Man) [...], and he has become manifest through the bubbling fountain of immortality. ...
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... he is pure, and he is [...]. A free man is not envious. He is set apart from everyone, from every audacity and envy the power of which is great [...] is (a) disciple [...] pattern of law [...] these [...] only ...
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25. Those who are under the law
... they placed him under a [...] a teaching ...
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... his teaching, saying, "Even if an angel comes from heaven, and preaches to you beyond that which we preached to you, may he be anathema,"13 not letting the [...] of the soul which [...] freedom [...]. For they are still immature [...] they are not able to keep this law which works by means of these heresies - though it is not they, but the powers (of Sabaoth) - by means of the [...] the doctrines [...] as they have been jealous of some [...] law(s) in Christ.
26. The Gnostic's Goal
Those who will have the power [...] they reach the [...] the twelve judge [...] them [...] the fountain (of immortality) ...
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... in order that ...
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... good [...] the whole place. [...] there the enemies. He baptized himself, and the [...] he became divine; he flew up, (and) they did not grasp him. [...] there the enemies [...], since it was not possible for them to bring him down again. If every [...] grasps him with ignorance, attending to those who teach in the corners by means of carved things and artful tricks, they are not able [...].
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Original translation of this text was prepared by members of the
Coptic Gnostic Library Project of the Institute for Antiquity and Christianity, Claremont Graduate School.
The Coptic Gnostic Library Project was funded by UNESCO, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and other Institutions.
E. J. Brill has asserted copyright on texts published by the Coptic Gnostic Library Project.
The translation presented here has been edited, modified and formatted for use in the Gnostic Society Library.
For academic citation, please refer to published editions of this text.
FOOTNOTE
.Read: Matthew 16:6-12
Read: Matthew 6:24
Read: Mathew 3:1-17
Read: 1 Corinthians 15:20
note: Son of Humanity
Read: Book of Isaiah
Read: Hebrews 4:12
Definitions: with the intention to cause harm or distress, motivated by wrongful, vicious, or mischievous purposes
Definition: a persistent feeling of resentment,
Read: Exodus 34:12-16
Read: Isaiah 42:16-20
Read: Numbers 21:9
Read: Galaion 1:6-9
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