Ryo Kambayashi received his Ph.D. in Economics from the University of Tokyo in 2000. His research focuses on labor economics, with an emphasis on empirical analyses of Japanese labor markets.

His work has examined a wide range of issues, including long-term changes in employment systems since the 1980s, labor market regulation, wage determination, non-standard employment, and labor mobility. Through these studies, he has contributed to a better understanding of employment practices and labor market institutions in Japan. His research has been published in leading academic journals in economics and related fields.

In 2017, he published Seiki-no Sekai, Hiseiki-no Sekai (Standard World, Non-Standard World), which received the 58th Mainichi Economist Prize. He was awarded the 110th Japan Academy Prize in 2020 and the Ishikawa Prize of the Japanese Economic Association in recognition of his contributions to labor economics.