Deepavali

Pre Deepavali:

cleaning, banging, throwing

burning Ravan-Vijaya Dashami/Dussehra

Deepavali means row of lights. some call it Diwali.  Traditionally people use oil and wick in a clay pot 'deep/diya'.  On the left some pictures from Varanasi, India.

It is celebrated on a no moon night which highlights the theme of victory of light over darkness when the dark night becomes full of light.  This is the Ram returned to Ayodhya and the kingdom was decorated with lights.  

Some celebrate as a new beginning, new year, new fiscal year and begin a new book of accounting while other pray Durga, Kali or Krishna but the theme of victory over evil continues. Some honor wishwakarma who appeared in samudra manthan, is the god of architecture, art and craft.  People worship their instruments, arms and machinery.

To Jainas this the day of enlightenment.

This is also a time of seasonal change when the nature slows down, animals hybernate and it affects humans as well. 

This festival gives an opportunity to take a step towards positivity. 

Here is a Sanskrit prayer representing that idea: May we move from unreality to truth, from darkness of ignorance to light of knowledge, from fear of death to understanding of death.

When I was a little girl in Mirzapur I did not understand the meaning behind the festival or rituals but we anxiously awaited for this festival.  I remember the preparation starting several weeks before the actual day and continuing for five days.  First, the whole house was thoroughly cleaned and painted.  In the process a lot of old items were thrown and donated.  Burning ten headed Ravan along with fire-work was exciting.  There were parades.  Friends and relatives came to watch from our house.  

Next day, loud sounds using metal plate and spoon were made.  We went in each corner of house and asked negativity and misfortune to leave.  I imagined scary elements hiding in the dark corners of house and believed that they would leave with the each loud bang. They were dragged out to the trash area outside of the house.  This completed preparation and we were ready for the actual festival.

First day at least one new pot was purchased and used for cooking.  In addition new clothes and jewelries were purchased. The streets were filled with clay-pot-makers selling colorful different figures which would be our new toys.  They also sold  diyas and mataki (round pot) which will be filled with popcorn and sweets.  

2nd day was easier day -getting ready.  We massaged with oil before bathing that day. Only one deeya was placed at night. 

3rd day was fully of activities.  We wore our new clothes and spent many ours in filling the clay pot with oil, adding wick and waiting for the sun to set completely.  Many delicious food to eat.  We spent many hours lighting the whole house with diyas.  Then Lakshami and Ganesha were worshiped.  We had a lot of good food and sweets to eat.  Friends and relatives visited or we visited them as family.

At night we played cards.  This was the only time when it was OK to gamble. 

Fourth day, many variety of food specially in the temples were decorated as well as piles of different grains.

Fifth day, In our small alley the god statue was made with wet clay and all women and girls gathered around to worship.  Bring that blessing to brothers for their long life, good health and prosperity.

My understanding and modification: 

My understanding, modification and suggestions: 

I realized in US, it would be difficult to celebrate as a five day festival but including important elements of the festival in one day should not be difficult. 

1. White wash was necessary in India to hygienically remove germs and other impurities of monsoon season.  But in addition to physical cleaning, letting go is a prerequisite and very important aspect of this festival.  Morning activities can be combined with mental letting go of negativity.  

Imagining all negativities are gone, take first positive action towards honoring our own body. massage with oil and take a nice bath/shower. feel ready for a new beginning.  at noon, make lunch in a new pot with the thought of nourishing our own body. 

2. At dusk, light only one deeya only to honor ancestors and god of death.  Think or share with others the story of Nachiketa.

3. At night, light all deeyas. Share one of the stories: Ramayan, Ganesh-Lakshmi, Krishna, dhanwantari, vishwakarma, Ocean churning.   

Meditate on asto ma--

In US, it would be difficult to celebrate as a five day festival but I feel we can include the important elements of the festival in one day. 

I understand that the white wash was necessary in India to hygienically remove germs and other impurities of monsoon season. 

1. But here we can find one deep cleaning project in the morning. We can find one item to donate and/or throw.  This activity should be combined with mental letting go. Then banging ritual should be performed with loud bangs and perhaps screams. This way cleansing, letting go and creating space which is a prerequisite and very important aspect of this festival can be included.   

2. After this, make Ravana out of sticks or paper and burn. this could be a fun activity.

3. Imagine all negativity gone and massage with oil with the thought of honoring your body.

4. Try to make lunch in a new pot, if possible with the thought of nourishing your body. 

5. At dusk, light one light only to honor ancestors and god of death.  Think or share with others the story of Nachiketa.

6. Fill up the clay pot with popcorn as a symbol of harvesting season.

7. At night, light all lights. Share the story of Ramayan, Ganesh-Lakshmi, cause of gambling, Krishna, Ocean churning etc.

8. Meditate on asto ma--, Eat, Play cards, share gifts.  

9. Think about siblings and wish well for them. Meet with them or call them.

Below is some pictures of celebration: food, prayer plate and brother-sister bonding

Ravana burning

Preparing Deeps/candles

Stories and 5-days Of Deepavali as I understand now...

First night is Dhanteras-It is said that the god of medicine/Ayurveda dhanawantari appeared from the Samudra Manthan-ocean churning.  Worshiping him emphasizes the importance of good health.  

On the second night narakachaturdashi, the god of death 'Yama' is worshiped by lighting only one light. Some remember their ancestors and bid them farewell.  

Here is the story of Nachiketa who was a curious and intelligent young boy.  His father was performing a big 'yagyan' in order to achieve god's blessing.  According the ritual, his father must donate everything.  Nachiketa asked his father "If you are donating everything, I am also yours.  Which god would you offer me?"  Irritated by his continuous questioning, the father said i will give you to yama-the god of death.  Nachiketa took it literally and went to Yama's place.  His determination pleased Yama who wanted to give him something.  Nachiketa wanted to know the true nature of death and what happens after death. Yama offered him many other attractive luxurious options but he was unshaken and learned that knowledge from Yama.

Third night is Deepavali- Ravan the 10 headed demon worked hard to become knowledgeable, successful and powerful.  All these made him arrogant and abusive.  each head represents negative qualities such as ego, anger, greed, lust, attachment etc.  In addition to many wrong doings he abducted Ram's wife Seeta.   Ram was a prince but was exiled for 14 years because of his stepmother's selfish insecurities.  While living in the forest, Ravan kidnaped his wife Seeta in his absence. Ram fought with with the help of monkeys such as Hanuman and brought his wife back.  They returned home after 14 years.  to welcome him and his victory over evil, people decorated their houses with a row of lights. 

The Ganesha and Lakshmi are worshiped this day.  Lakshmi is the goddess of wealth and prosperity. She also appeared during the ocean churning by devas 'good' and daityas 'bad'.  They both were searching for nectar to become immortal.  Symbolically it means that a lot of mental churning is needed in order to find the wealth of enlightenment.

Ganesh is the god of wisdom/intellect and adopted son of Lakshmi.   Wealth can easily be abused or misused but wealth used intelligently can be blessing. That is reason to worship them together. 

It is believed that the universe is the cosmic 'lila' play of god Shiva and goddess Parvati.  One of the play is gambling where Parvati won which signifies the victory of feminine protective power.  This limited gambling also teaches the lesson of impermanence and luck.

Forth day is called gowardhanpooja or annkoot.  Main focus is food, grains and end of harvesting season. In temples mountain of grains were decorated and 56 different types of food were cooked.  

It is believed that god krishna protected his people from heavy rain by lifting the mountain on his finger.  We visited temples and shared 'lawa' popcorn with sugar in a clay pot.

Fifth day is called bhai dooj- celebration of brother/sister bonding.  They visit each other and wish happy, healthy life.

vishwakarma-god of architecture.