The library is based on Boost 1.62 that is used to compute NFP - No Fit Polygon. The plug-in is located in Grasshopper: Params tab -> Nest Categary. I recommend to decrease tolerance to 0.01 in the main nesting component to achieve precise nesting output even it takes longer to compute. Also it is faster to nest low resolution polylines, and then apply transformation "T" output to moved detailed objects such as curves to nested shapes.
Camco's Rhino Nesting RV Sewer Hose Support Kit lifts and guides your RV sewer hose to help waste move downhill. It aids in keeping your sewer hose set over uneven terrain and provides stability for simple drainage. This product is compatible with all Camco brand sewer hose kits (including RhinoFLEX, RhinoEXTREME and Revolution) as well as other brand sewer hoses that are up to 15-feet long with a 3-inch diameter. It includes (5) ready-to-use support sections that are made of durable material. Each section measures 24 3/16-inches (L) x 9 -inches (W) with heights that range from 8 -inches to 10 -inches. Includes a strap for nesting the support sections in storage.
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After a long and hot afternoon of some seriously up close and personal experiences with the rhino population in the reserve, some ice-cold drinks were definitely in order. Arriving at the home of Ant Baber, owner of the Ant Collection, a spread of delicious and freshly cooked finger food was waiting for us next to the pool. As we tucked into the snacks, our attention was quietly directed towards a group of approaching rhinos. Seemingly appearing out of nowhere, all of a sudden there were rhinos everywhere. Watching from the safety of the raised deck area, I took great delight in attempting to recognize the rhinos from the various differences that Ant had pointed out to me earlier in the day.
The northern white rhinoceros is functionally extinct with only two females left. Establishing methods to culture ovarian tissues, follicles, and oocytes to generate eggs will support conservation efforts using in vitro embryo production. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of the structure and molecular signature of any rhinoceros, more specifically, we describe the neonatal and adult southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum) ovary; the closest relation of the northern white rhinoceros. Interestingly, all ovaries contain follicles despite advanced age. Analysis of the neonate reveals a population of cells molecularly characterised as mitotically active, pluripotent with germ cell properties. These results indicate that unusually, the neonatal ovary still contains oogonia in germ cell nests at birth, providing an opportunity for fertility preservation. Therefore, utilising ovaries from stillborn and adult rhinoceros can provide cells for advanced assisted reproductive technologies and investigating the neonatal ovaries of other endangered species is crucial for conservation.
Reproduction-wise, the aging process, with the incessant depletion of the primordial follicle pool and the concomitant decrease in oocyte quality, does not support good fertility in old age. Some species escape these issues with unusual strategies. For example, the ovaries of the naked mole rat (Heterocephalus glaber) contain germ cell nests consisting of the precursors of oocytes, not only at birth but also during a significant portion of adult life12. The process of postnatal neo-oogenesis in naked mole rats is the ultimate escape route from a depleting finite ovarian reserve and avoids the reproductive senescence observed in most other species12. The continued presence of germ cells after birth in structures known as germ cells nests provides the ideal source material for in vitro gametogenesis. However, as germ cells are rarely available, investigations are ongoing into the potential usefulness of other tissues or cells; e.g., foetal13 or adult (reviewed by Telfer and Anderson14) organs, or embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells15,16. Such research is not only generating crucial knowledge on the production of competent gametes, but is also facilitating the development of innovative reproductive therapies with clinical promise17 for both humans and endangered species.
a Adult rhinoceros of 39 years old. a.i and a.iii are the smooth side of the ovaries, a.ii and a.iv are the opposite medullar side of the same ovaries. b Illustration of how cross sections were collected from the ovaries of rhino 2 and 4: a cross section at one end of the ovary, the middle part and the other end. c Fixed ovarian samples provided from a neonatal southern white rhinoceros (rhino 1). d Three pieces of ovarian tissue obtained from a southern white rhinoceros (rhino 3, age 30 years); the ovaries were in pieces on arrival. e.i-ii Ovary 1 and ovary 2 of a southern white rhinoceros (rhino 4, age 38 years). The blue lines indicate how the cross sections were obtained. The broken blue lines indicate where the tissue was separated for embedding. f Illustration of the measurements performed on a follicle: longest oocyte diameter and perpendicular diameter (green full line), longest follicle diameter and perpendicular diameter (orange full line), oocyte area (green dashed line), follicle area (orange dotted line), granulosa cell count (yellow labelled dots), shrinkage space (asterisk).
Antibodies against several markers were applied: a Collagen I. b Ki-67. c MCM2. d SOX2. e Oct4. f DDX4. g NaKATPase. h TUNEL assay was performed. i CD20. j, k AMH. l SOX2. m CB1. a Collagen forms the boundaries (black arrow) between nests of cells (asterisk). b Ki-67 indicated some proliferation activity in the cell population (black arrow) forming the nests. c MCM2 indicated some proliferation activity in the cell population (black arrow) forming the nests. d Regions with a heterogeneity of more (black arrow) and less (grey arrow) intensely stained of SOX2-positive cells. e Regions with a heterogeneity of more (black arrow) and less (grey arrow) intensely stained of Oct4-positive cells. f An oocyte in a follicle (grey arrow) as well as the cell population building the cell nests are DDX4 positive (black arrow with dashed line surrounding the nest). g Dashed lines highlight DDX4 positive cell nests. h Oocytes at the border of the cortex are DDX4 positive (grey arrow), stroma is DDX4 negative (black star) and collections of cell nests consisting of DDX4 positive cells can be observed in the cord area (black dashed line). i anti-NaKATPase marked the boundaries of the cells to confirm the size (positive cell populations indicated by black arrows). j TUNEL positive cells were only sporadically observed in the population of cells present in the nests (black arrow). k Rarely a CD20 positive B cell lymphocyte was observed within the cell nests. l Granulosa cells as well as a large proportion of cells forming the cords are AMH positive (black arrows). m The nests contain a heterogeneous cell population of which some cells are AMH positive (black arrow), but other cells are AMH negative (black star). n For SOX2, both the AMH-positive and -negative cell populations are SOX2 positive (black arrow and black star). o The nests contain cells that are moderately CB1 positive. A very strong positive signal is observed in the blood vessels (black arrow). Inset images are negative controls. The scale bars in the inset images have the same length as the corresponding image.
Some cells situated in the neonatal structures were actively proliferating, indicated by Ki-67 and MCM2 positivity (Fig. 7b, c) while being positive for the pluripotency markers SOX2 (Fig. 7d) and Oct4 (Fig. 7e). Both pluripotency factors showed a heterogeneously positive stained pattern in the cell population (Fig. 7d, e, black arrow: strongly positive, grey arrow: weaker positive). On top, the germ cell lineage specific marker DDX4 (Fig. 7f) was convincingly positive in some cord cells clustered in nests (arrow pointing to the cells surrounded by dashed line) in contrast to stromal cells. As an internal control, the oocyte in an antral follicle also stained DDX4 positively (Fig. 7f, grey arrow), but the granulosa cells and follicular fluid were negative (Fig. 7f). At higher magnification, nests of DDX4 positive cells were clearly visible (Fig. 7g) and an overview of a large part of the section demonstrated the negative stroma (black star) in comparison to the collection of DDX4 positive cell nests grouped in the cord area (dashed line) with some DDX4 positive oocytes comprised in small follicles (grey arrow) (Fig. 7h). Anti-NaKATPase antibodies, used as a plasma membrane marker, demarked the cells of the follicular components and the undefined cells, but not the stroma (Fig. 7i). The TUNEL assay highlighted cells undergoing apoptosis, but the majority of cells were negative (Fig. 7j). CD20 revealed a very small proportion of B-lymphocytes in the cord area (Fig. 7k). A considerable number of cells in the neonatal ovary indicated the presence of AMH, a hormone produced by granulosa cells with a key role in follicle development, with AMH-positive granulosa cells and AMH-positive cells in the cell areas (Fig. 7l, m, black arrows). However, not all cells within the areas were AMH-positive indicating a heterogeneous population of molecularly distinct cells (Fig. 7m, AMH-positive: black arrow; AMH-negative: black star). Interestingly, in an adjacent section subjected to detection of SOX2 using immunohistochemistry, both the AMH-positive and -negative cells were positive for SOX2 (Fig. 7n, black arrow and black star). Blood vessels were strongly positive for CB1, a moderator of progesterone production, while the cells in the nests were moderately positive compared to a negative stromal zone (Fig. 7o). ff782bc1db
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