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2. Reconfigurable Active and Passive Antennas, Wireless Power Transfer, and Energy Harvesting: The integration of passive antennas with active devices is a growing area of research in various applications such as beam steering, quasi-optical power combining, and beam switching. There are several fundamental issues at millimeter-wave frequencies such as higher transmission line loss, lower antenna efficiency, and limited source capacity. Power combiners become lossy at millimeter-wave frequencies. Reconfigurable active antennas can be a good candidate at millimeter frequency in quasi-optical power combining, wireless charging, broadcasting, secure communications, etc. 

3. Antennas for Automotive and Body Area Network: In the last decades, the number of mobile and wireless applications has rapidly increased and some specific applications such as cellular communications have experienced a significant evolution. For example, the demand for wideband cellular antennas for Long Term Evolution (LTE) and 5G communication systems is continuously increasing in smartphones and vehicular applications. In particular, with the aim of making a vehicle as “smart” and autonomous as possible, in the automotive industry, the number of wireless services is significantly increasing, that consequently leads to a higher number of embedded radiating elements. Even though the size of a vehicle is expected to allow for easy integration of a multitude of antennas, there are specific integration constraints coming from aesthetic, mechanical, and electromagnetic domains which must be taken into account during the antenna and system design. It is well known that one of the best positions for antennas is above the vehicle roof since the radiating elements are not affected by surrounding mechanical components and better radiation toward the cellular base stations is guaranteed. Antennas are typically integrated together under plastic covers, named shark-fin. However, the increase of wireless functionalities in the automotive industry results in complex electronic systems, networks, and architectures [1]. Thus, the integration of antennas is challenging in those cases where multiple antennas are present because antenna compactness and isolation requirements are complicated to be fulfilled. The size of the antenna is limited by the available volume under the cover and by the presence of other antennas placed in close proximity. Typical car roof modules include antennas for cellular communications, Vehicle to Everything (V2X), Bluetooth, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Global Navigation Satellite Services (GNSS), and satellite radio services such as Satellite Digital Audio Radio Systems (SDARS). Nevertheless, multiple antennas are used to improve the throughput of LTE or 5G cellular systems by implementing Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) wireless technology.

4. SSPP Transmission Lines and Leaky-Wave Antennas: Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are highly localized surface waves that exist on the metal-dielectric interface at optical frequencies [1]. The SPPs offer excellent performance at optical frequencies but cannot be generated naturally at microwave frequencies because metal behaves as a perfect electric conductor (PEC) at microwave frequencies. In [2] and [3], SPP structures called mimic structures have been proposed at microwave frequencies. These designed structures are known as spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP). Recently many SSPP-based structures have been used to design passive components such as filters, antennas, and splitters but leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) based on SSPP have gained a lot of attention. Leaky-wave antenna is a type of traveling wave antenna having outstanding properties. These leaky-wave antenna structures have high directivity and wide frequency scanning and require a simple feeding network.