1. Common visual processing
2. Visual recognition
3. Visual location
4. Visual recognition and location integration
5. Common auditory processing
6. Auditory recognition
7. Auditory location
8. Auditory recognition and location integration
A. Visuospatial sketchpad
B. Phonological loop
C. Central executive
D. Long-term procedural memory
E. Performance monitor
F. Complex cognitive function
G. Goal initiation
H. Long-term declarative & spatial memory
V. Sensorimotor integration
W. Motor program retrieval
X. Feedback
information collection
Y. Motor program assembling and error detecting
Z. Sending information to body parts
21-25: Body parts: eye, mouth, left hand, right hand, foot
1. Mental workload modeling measured by NASA-TLX: Equation (10-12) (Wu & Liu, 2007)
2. Mental workload modeling measured by P300 amplitude and latency: Equation (10-11) (Wu, Liu, & Quinn-Walsh, 2008)
3. Bold signal in fMRI modeling: Equation (27) (Wu & Liu, 2008a)
4. Entity route selections and skill acquisitions based on reinforcement learning algorithms: Equation (9.7-9.8) (Wu, Berman, & Liu, 2010)
5. Information processing speed and its variability changes in learning process: Equation (6) (Wu & Liu, 2008b)
6. Warning information processing with route choices: (Zhang & Wu, 2022)
1. Eye movement modeling in textual information perception: Equation (12) (Wu & Liu, 2008b)
2. Eye movement modeling in picture information perception: Equation (3) (Lim & Liu, 2009)
3. Visual optical flow perception and speed perception: Equation (1) (Zhao & Wu, 2013)
4. Visual detection modeling with detection distance and image matrix: Equation (15) (Bi, Tsimhoni, & Liu, 2009)
Auditory processing of warning acoustic features: Equation (1) (Zhang & Wu, 2016)
Auditory processing of warning semantic features: Equation (2) (Zhang & Wu, 2016)
-Server A:
Modeling the route choice probabilities of warning information processing: (Zhang & Wu, 2022)
-Server B:
Modeling of optimal chunking of textual information: Equation (22) (Wu & Liu, 2008b)
Modeling the effects of warning lead time on perceived hazard urgency: (Zhang & Wu, 2022)
Modeling the effects of warning reliability and warning styles on driver trust: (Zhang & Wu, 2022)
-Server C:
1. Inhibiting incompatible responses modeling: Equation (5-6, 8-9) (Wu & Liu, 2008a)
2. Dual task interference modeling: Equation (2) (Lin & Wu, 2012)
-Server E:
Background noise in motor control: Equation (15) (Lin & Wu, 2012)
-Server F
1. Choice reaction modeling in multiple tasks: Equation (B16) (Wu & Liu, 2008a)
2. Response complexity modeling: Equation (13) (Lin & Wu, 2012)
3. Complex decision making with value matrix: Equation (4) (Zhao & Wu, 2013)
4. Perceived risk modeling: Equation (5) (Zhuang & Wu, 2013)
5. Decision making in lateral control: Equation (2) (Bi, Gan, Shang, & Liu, 2012)
6. Driving response selection (braking vs. steering): (Zhang & Wu, 2022)
-Server G:
Urgency and Motivation Modeling : Equation (12) (Lin & Wu, 2012)
-Server W:
Motor program retrieval modeling in the learning process: Equation (2) (Wu & Liu, 2008b)
-Server X:
Error correction modeling in close-loop motor control: Equation (31-32) (Lin & Wu, 2012)
-Hand servers (Server 23,24):
1. Hand and finger movement time and errors in QWERTY keyboard typing: Equation (19) (Wu & Liu, 2008b)
2. Bimanual (two hands) coordination: Equation (31-34), (Wu & Liu, 2008b)
3. Hand and finger movement time and error in numerical typing: Equation (13) (16) (Lin & Wu, 2012)
-Foot Server (Server 25)
1. Movement time of foot in pressing a pedal: Equation (21) (Wu & Liu, 2008b)
2. Angular speed of the foot movement: Equation (3) (Zhao, Wu, & Qiao, 2013)
3. Foot movement amplitude in non-emergent driving condition: Equation (6) (Zhao & Wu, 2013)
4. Foot movement amplitude in emergent driving condition: (Zhang & Wu, 2022)
Reference
Bi, L., Gan, G., Shang, J., & Liu, Y. (2012). Queuing Network Modeling of Driver Lateral Control With or Without a Cognitive Distraction Task. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 13(4), 1810–1820. doi:10.1109/TITS.2012.2204255
Bi, L., Tsimhoni, O., & Liu, Y. (2009). Using Image-Based Metrics to Model Pedestrian Detection Performance With Night-Vision Systems. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 10(1), 155–164. doi:10.1109/TITS.2008.2011719
Lim, J. H., & Liu, Y. (2009). Modeling the Influences of Cyclic Top-Down and Bottom-Up Processes for Reinforcement Learning in Eye Movements. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics - Part A: Systems and Humans, 39(4), 706–714. doi:10.1109/TSMCA.2009.2018635
Lin, C.-J., & Wu, C. (2012). Mathematically modelling the effects of pacing, finger strategies and urgency on numerical typing performance with queuing network model human processor. Ergonomics, 55(10), 1180–204. doi:10.1080/00140139.2012.697583
Wu, C., Berman, M., & Liu, Y. (2010). Optimization in Brain? - Modeling Human Behavior and Brain Activation Patterns with Queuing Network and Reinforcement Learning Algorithms. In W. Chaovalitwongse, P. M. Pardalos, & P. Xanthopoulos (Eds.), Computational Neuroscience (Vol. 38, pp. 157–179). New York, NY: Springer New York. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-88630-5
Wu, C., & Liu, Y. (2007). Queuing Network Modeling of Driver Workload and Performance. Intelligent Transportation Systems, IEEE Transactions on, 8(3), 528–537.
Wu, C., & Liu, Y. (2008a). Queuing network modeling of the psychological refractory period (PRP). Psychological review, 115(4), 913–54. doi:10.1037/a0013123
Wu, C., & Liu, Y. (2008b). Queuing network modeling of transcription typing. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 15(1).
Wu, C., Liu, Y., & Quinn-Walsh, C. M. (2008). Queuing Network Modeling of a Real-Time Psychophysiological Index of Mental Workload-P300 in Event-Related Potential (ERP). Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans, IEEE Transactions on, 38(5), 1068–1084.
Zhao, G., & Wu, C. (2013). Mathematical Modeling of Driver Speed Control With Individual Differences. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems, 43(5), 1091–1104. doi:10.1109/TSMC.2013.2256854
Zhao, G., Wu, C., & Qiao, C. (2013). A Mathematical Model for the Prediction of Speeding with its Validation. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 14(2), 828–836.
Zhang, Y., Wu, C., Qiao, C., Sadek, A., Hulme, K. (2022). A cognitive computational driver model of warning response performance in connected vehicle systems. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation System.
Zhang, Y., Wu, C., & Wan, J. (2016). Mathematical modeling of the effects of speech warning characteristics on human performance and its application in transportation cyberphysical systems. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 17(11), 3062-3074.
Zhuang, X., & Wu, C. (2013). Modeling Pedestrian Crossing Paths at Unmarked Roadways. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 14(3), 1438–1448.