Python ~REPACK~ Download Path

This module implements some useful functions on pathnames. To read or writefiles see open(), and for accessing the filesystem see the osmodule. The path parameters can be passed as strings, or bytes, or any objectimplementing the os.PathLike protocol.

Unlike a Unix shell, Python does not do any automatic path expansions.Functions such as expanduser() and expandvars() can be invokedexplicitly when an application desires shell-like path expansion. (See alsothe glob module.)

Python Download Path

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Since different operating systems have different path name conventions, thereare several versions of this module in the standard library. Theos.path module is always the path module suitable for the operatingsystem Python is running on, and therefore usable for local paths. However,you can also import and use the individual modules if you want to manipulatea path that is always in one of the different formats. They all have thesame interface:

Return the base name of pathname path. This is the second element of thepair returned by passing path to the function split(). Note thatthe result of this function is differentfrom the Unix basename program; where basename for'/foo/bar/' returns 'bar', the basename() function returns anempty string ('').

Return the longest common sub-path of each pathname in the sequencepaths. Raise ValueError if paths contain both absoluteand relative pathnames, the paths are on the different drives orif paths is empty. Unlike commonprefix(), this returns avalid path.

Return True if path refers to an existing path or an openfile descriptor. Returns False for broken symbolic links. Onsome platforms, this function may return False if permission isnot granted to execute os.stat() on the requested file, evenif the path physically exists.

Return the time of last access of path. The return value is a floating point number givingthe number of seconds since the epoch (see the time module). RaiseOSError if the file does not exist or is inaccessible.

Return the time of last modification of path. The return value is a floating point numbergiving the number of seconds since the epoch (see the time module).Raise OSError if the file does not exist or is inaccessible.

Return True if pathname path is located on a Windows Dev Drive.A Dev Drive is optimized for developer scenarios, and offers fasterperformance for reading and writing files. It is recommended for use forsource code, temporary build directories, package caches, and otherIO-intensive operations.

May raise an error for an invalid path, for example, one without arecognizable drive, but returns False on platforms that do not supportDev Drives. See the Windows documentationfor information on enabling and creating Dev Drives.

Join one or more path segments intelligently. The return value is theconcatenation of path and all members of *paths, with exactly onedirectory separator following each non-empty part, except the last. That is,the result will only end in a separator if the last part is either empty orends in a separator. If a segment is an absolute path (which on Windowsrequires both a drive and a root), then all previous segments are ignored andjoining continues from the absolute path segment.

On Windows, the drive is not reset when a rooted path segment (e.g.,r'\foo') is encountered. If a segment is on a different drive or is anabsolute path, all previous segments are ignored and the drive is reset. Notethat since there is a current directory for each drive,os.path.join("c:", "foo") represents a path relative to the currentdirectory on drive C: (c:foo), not c:\foo.

Normalize the case of a pathname. On Windows, convert all characters in thepathname to lowercase, and also convert forward slashes to backward slashes.On other operating systems, return the path unchanged.

Normalize a pathname by collapsing redundant separators and up-levelreferences so that A//B, A/B/, A/./B and A/foo/../B allbecome A/B. This string manipulation may change the meaning of a paththat contains symbolic links. On Windows, it converts forward slashes tobackward slashes. To normalize case, use normcase().

On POSIX systems, in accordance with IEEE Std 1003.1 2013 Edition; 4.13Pathname Resolution,if a pathname begins with exactly two slashes, the first componentfollowing the leading characters may be interpreted in an implementation-definedmanner, although more than two leading characters shall be treated as asingle character.

Return a relative filepath to path either from the current directory orfrom an optional start directory. This is a path computation: thefilesystem is not accessed to confirm the existence or nature of path orstart. On Windows, ValueError is raised when path and startare on different drives.

Return True if both pathname arguments refer to the same file or directory.This is determined by the device number and i-node number and raises anexception if an os.stat() call on either pathname fails.

Split the pathname path into a pair, (head, tail) where tail is thelast pathname component and head is everything leading up to that. Thetail part will never contain a slash; if path ends in a slash, tailwill be empty. If there is no slash in path, head will be empty. Ifpath is empty, both head and tail are empty. Trailing slashes arestripped from head unless it is the root (one or more slashes only). Inall cases, join(head, tail) returns a path to the same location as path(but the strings may differ). Also see the functions dirname() andbasename().

Split the pathname path into a pair (drive, tail) where drive is eithera mount point or the empty string. On systems which do not use drivespecifications, drive will always be the empty string. In all cases, drive+ tail will be the same as path.

Split the pathname path into a 3-item tuple (drive, root, tail) wheredrive is a device name or mount point, root is a string of separatorsafter the drive, and tail is everything after the root. Any of theseitems may be the empty string. In all cases, drive + root + tail willbe the same as path.

On POSIX systems, drive is always empty. The root may be empty (if path isrelative), a single forward slash (if path is absolute), or two forward slashes(implementation-defined per IEEE Std 1003.1-2017; 4.13 Pathname Resolution.)For example:

This module offers classes representing filesystem paths with semanticsappropriate for different operating systems. Path classes are dividedbetween pure paths, which provide purely computationaloperations without I/O, and concrete paths, whichinherit from pure paths but also provide I/O operations.

Each element of pathsegments can be either a string representing apath segment, or an object implementing the os.PathLike interfacewhere the __fspath__() method returns a string,such as another path object:

Spurious slashes and single dots are collapsed, but double dots ('..')and leading double slashes ('//') are not, since this would change themeaning of a path for various reasons (e.g. symbolic links, UNC paths):

The slash operator helps create child paths, like os.path.join().If the argument is an absolute path, the previous path is ignored.On Windows, the drive is not reset when the argument is a rootedrelative path (e.g., r'\foo'):

When walk_up is False (the default), the path must start with other.When the argument is True, .. entries may be added to form therelative path. In all other cases, such as the paths referencingdifferent drives, ValueError is raised.:

This function is part of PurePath and works with strings.It does not check or access the underlying file structure.This can impact the walk_up option as it assumes that no symlinksare present in the path; call resolve() first ifnecessary to resolve symlinks.

Create a new path object of the same type by combining the givenpathsegments. This method is called whenever a derivative path is created,such as from parent and relative_to(). Subclasses mayoverride this method to pass information to derivative paths, for example:

Concrete paths are subclasses of the pure path classes. In addition tooperations provided by the latter, they also provide methods to do systemcalls on path objects. There are three ways to instantiate concrete paths:

Changed in version 3.8: exists(), is_dir(), is_file(),is_mount(), is_symlink(),is_block_device(), is_char_device(),is_fifo(), is_socket() now return Falseinstead of raising an exception for paths that contain charactersunrepresentable at the OS level.

By default, or when the case_sensitive keyword-only argument is set toNone, this method matches paths using platform-specific casing rules:typically, case-sensitive on POSIX, and case-insensitive on Windows.Set case_sensitive to True or False to override this behaviour.

The children are yielded in arbitrary order, and the special entries'.' and '..' are not included. If a file is removed from or addedto the directory after creating the iterator, whether a path object forthat file be included is unspecified.

dirpath is a Path to the directory currently being walked,dirnames is a list of strings for the names of subdirectories in dirpath(excluding '.' and '..'), and filenames is a list of strings forthe names of the non-directory files in dirpath. To get a full path(which begins with self) to a file or directory in dirpath, dodirpath / name. Whether or not the lists are sorted is filesystem-dependent.

Rename this file or directory to the given target, and return a new Pathinstance pointing to target. On Unix, if target exists and is a file,it will be replaced silently if the user has permission.On Windows, if target exists, FileExistsError will be raised.target can be either a string or another path object:

Not all pairs of functions/methods below are equivalent. Some of them,despite having some overlapping use-cases, have different semantics. Theyinclude os.path.abspath() and Path.absolute(),os.path.relpath() and PurePath.relative_to(). 2351a5e196