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Anxiety is frequently encountered during the course of rehabilitation. Recognition of anxiety can be challenging in the face of neurologic disease, use of corticosteroids, and other medications. Common signs and symptoms include restlessness, jitteriness, vigilance, insomnia, distractibility, dyspnea, numb-ness, apprehension, autonomic hyperactivity, and worry. Physical symptoms may be more prevalent than psychological or cognitive ones. Sexual Dysfunction Sexual dysfunction may be due to a malignancy or its related treatments. It can be affected by changes in nervous, vascular, endocrine, as well as psychological function. Along with depression, patients may feel less sexually attractive. Frontal lobe brain tumors can cause libido changes. Endocrine changes may occur with pituitary involvement and with hormonal treat-ments for prostate cancer. Hormonal treatments re-duce sexual desire and function in most cases. Che-motherapy can cause changes in testosterone production, spermatogenesis, and premature meno-pause with associated symptoms. Problems include low sexual drive, dry orgasm, vaginal mucosal changes leading to dyspareunia, erectile dysfunction, and decreased pleasure with orgasm (Schover et al., 1993; Gerber and Vargo, 1998). Neuropathies can amplify all of these problems. Because psychological adjustment is an impor-tant determinant of sexual function, counseling should be provided. Patients should be encouraged to pursue intimacy and physical closeness, focus-ing on various aspects of an intimate relationship. Hormonal replacement therapy should be given for premature menopause when no contraindica-tions are present, along with water-based lubri-cants. Regular douching should be encouraged to avoid odor. A peer-support system can also be of benefit (Gerber and Vargo, 1998; Garden and Gillis, 1996). Family Interaction Lack of an adequate support system can be a barrier to successful rehabilitation. Family interventions in-clude counseling, education, and identifying addi-tional support frameworks for the caregiver. Both ed-ucation and counseling interventions significantly improve caregiver knowledge. Specific techniques for care should be taught, including1. Performing physical functions such as trans-fers, mobility, and other ADL2. Encouraging patients to perform any activity that he or she is capable of doing3. Coping and compensatory strategies to deal with cognitive deficits4. Preventing complicationsCommon teaching points can include maintaining bowel and bladder function, administering medica-tions, swallow training with appropriate dietary mod-ifications, maintenance of nutrition and hydration, safety training, and a home exercise program.Equipment/Orthosis Needs Patient equipment needs are usually assessed when they approach discharge or experience a sudden de-cline in function. Equipment available for in-home medical management includes ventilators, suctioning devices, supplemental oxygen, and tube feeding de-vices. Mobility equipment includes wheelchairs, walk-ers, crutches, and canes. Rehabilitation professionals choose devices according to the patient’s functional level. Assistive devices help to achieve an improved level of independence in ADLs and include transfer boards, tub/shower chairs, raised toilet seats, long-handled reachers, sock-aids, elastic shoelaces, dressing sticks, modified eating utensils, and bath and grooming aids. Orthoses are prescribed for support, alignment, and protection. Four important functions of the upper limb—reaching, carrying, prehension, and release—should be taken into account when con-sidering an orthosis for the upper extremity. Lower extremity orthoses are primarily to assist with safety in weight bearing.