Lalaine: Measuring and Characterizing Non-Compliance of
Apple Privacy Labels at Scale
SDK to Domain Mapping
Data object ontology
Dynamic Analysis tool
l-mapping
Static Scanner
Severity Break down based on data type and violation type
Inappropriate Privacy Label Guidance
l-data
New added features and implementation details
Technical Details of app downloading
Annotation criteria
Three-minute test slot
Crawl configuration
Top data broker
Top service provider
The distribution of iOS apps with incorrect disclosure in their privacy labels
The distribution of iOS apps with inadequate disclosure in their privacy labels
falsely detected cases
privacy label crawled from apple store