Cannabidiol is a substance present in marijuana that is becoming a common remedy to calm pain, reduce anxiety and improve sleep in countries such as the United States and some in Europe, also in Spain.
Cannabis, another name for marijuana, is made up of more than 100 chemicals. The two most predominant are tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). A lot has been written about THC, it is the psychoactive compound that alters the central nervous system, which makes those who use marijuana feel “high”. Since 1971 in the Vienna Convention, THC is considered a "narcotic" substance.
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On the contrary, CBD is not psychoactive and is obtained through an extraction of the marijuana flower. This compound is associated with many beneficial effects for humans. CBD is therefore the “good” part of cannabis, the one that allows users not to feel “high”.
Multiple sclerosis patients, among other diseases, use it to combat spasticity (contracted muscles) and it is also used as a treatment such as cancer. Many neurologists prescribe treatments with this substance and in Spain it is legal if permission is requested from EFSA, the European Food Safety Authority.
Cannabis with CBD is marketed on the internet. Currently, since March 2018, CBD can only be used as a cosmetic or industrial product. On the market there are sprays for medicinal use with THC and CBD in specific amounts that prevent addiction, confirm neurologists.
What is the concentration of narcotic drugs allowed in cannabis?
The Spanish Agency for Medicines and Health Products determines that marijuana plants with concentrations of less than 0.2% THC are not narcotics. But the issue is not always so simple.
The control, which is analyzed, is the THC content, but prior to that, the cannabis flower must be authorized by the Spanish Agency, regardless of its percentage. Also, separating THC and CBD is not an easy task.
Lack of information with cannabis
The positive health effects of CBD are becoming more and more known. Joseba Zabala, a Public Health physician and drug addiction expert, recognizes the beneficial effects of CBD but insists that there is no conclusive evidence at the level of clinical trials.
Zabala, as well as other experts, warns that if scientific data support that it is a substance that may have a favorable therapeutic margin that is legislated as such, it should be placed in the hands of specialists, but not available to anyone. If it has pharmaceutical properties, it must be sold in pharmacies, although it is currently marketed through channels that are not strictly pharmacological or health-related.
Cannabis and joints
If we leave aside the issue of marijuana deregulation, specialists warn that the properties of cannabis have nothing to do with joints. In Spain there is a belief that mixing marijuana with tobacco is the way to access CBD and that these positive effects balance those of tobacco, thus making joints a healthy product.
Today there is still a legal vacuum that is generating erroneous messages and misuses of cannabis with CBD, but the door remains open for the approval of cannabis for medicinal and therapeutic treatment.
In other countries, like the United States, cannabis with CBD is on the rise. Cannabidiol is a trending topic, but more research and testing needs to be done. One of the latest research warns that CBD may have a placebo effect, which can have an impact on a molecular level.
As science advances in the understanding of the substance, cannabis will increase its impact globally. Already many countries, such as Canada, have legalized the use of marijuana, and in other places, such as the United States, the use of CBD oil has been authorized. In those cases, residents are entitled to CBD edibles and other formats, although oral forms are normally allowed.
In Spain, until February 2018, some companies sold CBD oil as a food supplement, something that is no longer possible today.