One characteristic feature of Pitman shorthand is that unvoiced and voiced pairs of sounds (such as /p/ and /b/ or /t/ and /d/) are represented by strokes which differ only in thickness; the thin stroke representing "light" sounds such as /p/ and /t/; the thick stroke representing "heavy" sounds such as /b/ and /d/. Doing this requires a writing instrument responsive to the user's drawing pressure: specialist fountain pens (with fine, flexible nibs) were originally used, but pencils are now more commonly used.

At one time, Pitman was the most commonly used shorthand system in the entire English-speaking world.[5] Part of its popularity was due to the fact that it was the first subject taught by correspondence course. Today in many regions (especially the U.S.), it has been superseded by Gregg shorthand, developed by John Robert Gregg. Teeline has become more common in recent years, as it is based on spelling, rather than pronunciation.[citation needed]


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Like Gregg shorthand, Pitman shorthand is phonemic: with the exception of abbreviated shapes called logograms, the forms represent the sounds of the English word, rather than its spelling or meaning. Unlike Gregg, pairs of consonant phonemes distinguished only by voice are notated with strokes differing in thickness rather than length.[6] There are twenty-four consonants that can be represented in Pitman's shorthand, twelve vowels, and four diphthongs. The consonants are indicated by strokes, the vowels by interposed dots.

The long vowels in Pitman's shorthand are: //, /e/, /i/, //, /o/, and /u/. The short vowels are //, //, //, //, //, and //. The long vowels may be remembered by the sentence, "Pa, may we all go too?" /p | me wi l o tu/, and the short vowels may be remembered by the sentence, "That pen is not much good" /t pn z nt mt d/.

Another feature of Pitman's shorthand allows most vowels to be omitted in order to speed up the process of writing. As mentioned above, each vowel is written next to either the beginning, middle or end of the consonant stroke. Pitman's shorthand is designed to be written on lined paper and when a word's first vowel is a "first position" vowel (i.e. it is written at the beginning of the stroke), the whole shorthand outline for the word is written above the paper's ruled line. For a second position vowel, the outline is written on the line, and for a third position vowel, it is written through the line. In this way, the position of the outline indicates that the first vowel can only be one of four possibilities. In most cases, this means that the first and often all the other vowels can be omitted entirely.

There are four diphthongs in Pitman's shorthand, representing /a/, //, /a/, /ju/, as in the words "I enjoy Gow's music." The first three appear as small checkmarks; the "ew" sound is written as a small arch. Both "ie" and "oi" are written in first position, while "ow" and "ew" are written in third position. In the same way, the whole outline is placed above, on or through the paper's ruled line. If the diphthong is followed by a neutral vowel, a little flick is added.

First image created from shorthand examples in the Gregg Shorthand Dictionary, Anniversary Edition and 5,000 Most-Used Shorthand Forms. All other images: New York Public Library. Astor, Lenox, Tilden Foundations.

I wanted to purchase an Esterbrook Shorthand pen, I absolutely LOVE the marbling effect and unique colours, I believe IIRC 1554, 1555, 9555 and 9128 which is marketed for the Pitman only are the nibs to look out for, from what I read somewhere on this site, though i cant be sure if this is correct?! I also need to buy the pen as i dont own an Esterbrook, just some Parker's and Schaeffer's. I have read that there is a range of Renew points, it would be great to get such a pen then I can change the nib for other Esterbrook nibs for purposes other than just shorthand writing.

If my knowledge of "pens used for shorthand" is still valid, and depending on the size of your hand, you'd be looking for one of the LJ (full sized slender) or SJ (small slender) pens. They'd be the most reasonably priced. As to points, I'd go for one of the 9xxx series, as I think it'd be smoother, but there are others on this forum who are fine-point specialists more knowledgable than I.

I do not know a great deal about shorthand, but I understand that varying the thickness of strokes is a feature of Pitman, but not of some others. This would mean that points designated as firm and for Gregg shorthand would not be suitable for Pitman as firm points will not give the line variation.Also it is the nib, in the case of Esterbrook, that is really for shorthand rather than the entire pen, with the nib being changeable.

I read your post with such excitement, I have such a wide smile on my face . Thank you for your kind gesture, I think in return when I get a complete pen, I shall write some shorthand with the nib and give an demonstration and post it on here.

I bought this in 1968 - I remember it clearly - I was starting a very important secretarial new job (to me) ........ Looking at the Pen now - it is like new - my shorthand was not required as Dictaphones were used!!!!!!!!

Interesting, the 9128 used for shorthand. The 128 Esterbrook steel pen (dip pen nib) is one of their premier "penman" pens and is called the Elastic Pen. I hadn't noticed a x128 renew point. Now I have a new acquisition target in mind.

I never took shorthand. I do have both the 1555 and 9555 Gregg Shorthand nibs, but I didn't know that there were specific nibs good for Pitman shorthand. Now you've got me curious, especially since I do have a couple of SJs with 9128 nibs on them.

In this day and age, when smartphones are ubiquitous, you might wonder how often you'd use shorthand if you learned it. Plenty of times, it turns out! Whether you're a student or need to take quick notes at a meeting or while you're on a call, the ability to write notes by hand more quickly is always a valuable skill. Read on to learn about the 3 major styles of shorthand so you can pick the one that works best for you. Then, we'll let you in on some tips to improve your shorthand skills after you've learned the basics.

In 1837 Isaac Pitman published Stenographic Sound-Hand in London at the press of Samuel Bagster, introducing Pitman shorthand, a shorthand system for the English language. Pitman's first pamphlet on the system, issued in London by Samuel Bagster, a publisher of bibles and related books on religion, consisted of only 11 pages and two lithographed plates. In contrast to previous shorthand writing systems, which were mostly orthographic, or based on short-cuts in spelling, Pitman's system was mostly phonetic.

In the 1840s Pitman offered instruction in his shorthand system by correspondence course. This was the first widely adopted practice of distance education, responsible, to a large extent, for the successful dissemination of Pitman's system.

this is really fun to see. i once found a shorthand edition of Holmes in the early 1980s, but passed it up. great to look at your images. i may re-post with a link to you on my Spy Vibe site. have you found other interesting shorthand books? thanks for sharing! -jason

However, Watt was not paid for his work, and he needed an income to support his family. Thus, he received permission from the Church to publish his transcriptions in England as the Journal of Discourses.5 John V. Long, David W. Evans, and other reporters later recorded sermons and other speeches in Pitman shorthand also. Each transcribed his own shorthand, editing and changing the words as he wrote, and these, too, became part of the Journal of Discourses. While much of the original shorthand and most of the original longhand transcripts were discarded after publication, some are still extant.

When I began transcribing the original shorthand of sermons that were published in the Journal of Discourses, I compared the original shorthand records to the published versions; it was obvious that Watt and other shorthand reporters significantly changed the words of early Church leaders during the transcription process. (It is true that editors made some additional alterations; however, comparing the shorthand and extant longhand transcripts of Watt and others shows that most alterations between the shorthand and published text were made by the reporters themselves.) In other words, the sermons published in the Journal of Discourses and in the Deseret News often differ significantly from what speakers actually said according to the original shorthand record.7 Examples of these differences will be included in parts two and three.

Every Monday (even holiday Mondays!) we like to feature a text from the Fisher's extensive holdings on the Internet Archive. This week, Samantha takes a look at Pitman shorthand, a surprisingly popular method for making writing that much faster.

Isaac Pitman was a renowned English educator in the 19th century. In addition to being a passionate vegetarian and an English teacher, Pitman was also a linguistic inventor. Finding that written English was not efficient enough he dedicated many hours to inventing new, more efficient ways of writing English. The most famous of these is Pitman Shorthand, which he first published in 1837. To this day Pitman Shorthand is the most common shorthand used in the English language.

Looking at these exercises it may be difficult to imagine learning to write English in a completely different way, however, Pitman shorthand became a staple in the English-language business world for many decades. Using this writing system people were able to write much faster than by using standard English spelling, allowing businesses to operate with greater efficiency. This is not dissimilar from the use of abbreviation and text-based slang today, which people will often use to take notes in meetings or to speed up communication. 17dc91bb1f

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