For this project, you’ll need:
A full-size breadboard with a T-connector for GPIO access
8 LEDs (I’m using blue LEDs, though any color or mix of colors is fine)
5 jumper wires
4 resistors (mine are 470 Ohm - most resistors in the kit should work fine, but if your LEDs end up being really dim then try changing them out)
To begin, plug your first LED into the breadboard. The longer leg (the (+) anode) should be on the upper row (row 25 in the picture) and the shorter leg (the (-) cathode) on the lower row (row 29). LEDs are directional, and they won’t turn on if plugged in backwards.
Plug in a second LED next to the first one, with the long leg and the short leg in the same respective rows as the first LED. I left a 1-column space between them so they weren’t too crowded.
Go through the same process with the next 6 LEDs. The second set of LEDs is plugged into row 31 and 35, the third set is on row 37 and 41, and the fourth set is on row 43 and 47.
Plug your first resistor into the breadboard by the first row of LEDs. One leg should be plugged into the row with the cathode, and the other should be plugged into the negative blue rail. Resistors aren’t directional like LEDs are, so orientation shouldn’t matter here.
Go through the same process with the rest of the resistors.
Take your first jumper wire and plug one end into the negative blue rail, and the other into one of the “GND” (ground) pins on the GPIO connector. I chose the one on the top right of the connector, but any one of the 8 ground pins will work too.
Connect one end of your second jumper wire to the row with the anodes of the first set of LEDs, and the other end to GPIO12.
Connect one end of your third jumper wire to the row with the anodes of the second set of LEDs, and the other end to GPIO13.
Connect one end of your fourth jumper wire to the row with the anodes of the third set of LEDs, and the other end to GPIO18.
Connect one end of your fifth jumper wire to the row with the anodes of the fourth set of LEDs, and the other end to GPIO19.
Your circuit is finished! Try running one of the LED wave programs and make sure your circuit works as it should. If you look around in the code of each of the programs, they have adjustable variables that will change how the circuit behaves – play around with the numbers and see what happens!