3. Thermal
Some animations that may help:
3 temperature scales (luckily you don't have to fret about Fahrenheit)
Joule's crazy paddle-wheel in water (mechanical energy into thermal energy)
very simplistic heating/cooling lab from Phet
Complex experiment of different liquids or objects inside calorimeter (run the experiment)
Animated experiment for Boyle's Law, Charles' Law and Gay-Lussac's Law