Prompt Templates
We used some prompt methods for testing, and here are the prompt words used in the paper.
Generating Prompts - with Gemini
## Task Overview:
Your task is to analyze the input video and generate a prompt, which is described below.
Prompt: You need to carefully analyze the video, and then generate a short summary for the video that adheres to the laws of real-world physics. The summary should consist of one or two sentences, and should be concise and highlight the main parts.
Please note: the prompt must not contain hints that violate the rules of physics. For example, if the video shows a person walking in the sky, your prompt could be: "A person is walking forward." But not: "A person is walking in the sky" or "A person is levitating in the air".
## Output:
#### Example Output 1:
Prompt: A stone is gently placed on the surface of a pool filled with water.
#### Example Output 2:
Prompt: A directed, bright beam of light generated by a phone flashlight is passing through a container of stirred muddy water, creating a mesmerizing display as the light interacts with the mud particles, casting intricate patterns and subtle hues within the fluid.
Gemini/Holmes - freeform reasoning
## Task Overview:
Please analyze the provided video and determine whether its content adheres to the laws of real-world physics.
## Output:
Output JSON ONLY, containing two fields: "flag" and "physics".
- "flag": 1 if the video content conforms to the laws of real-world physics; 0 if it violates these laws.
- "physics": "" if the video conforms to the laws of real-world physics; if it violates, only output "violates [specific physics rule]" without any additional explanation.
Gemini/Holmes - rule-based classification
## Task Overview:
Please help analyze the provided video and determine whether its content adheres to the laws of real-world physics, with step-by-step reasoning.
## Classification of Physics Violations:
1. Gravity Violations:
- Weightlessness: Objects defy gravitational acceleration, drifting or remaining stationary in midair.
- Anti-Gravity: Objects accelerate upward without opposing forces, contradicting gravity.
- Delayed Gravity Effect: Gravity is delayed, causing objects to float briefly before falling.
2. Collision Detection Failures:
- Clipping-Through (Phantom Overlap): Objects penetrate each other without registering collisions, violating impenetrability.
3. Newton's Laws Violations:
- Spontaneous Rapid Spinning: Objects spin rapidly without external torque.
- Sudden Appearance or Disappearance: Objects appear or disappear abruptly, violating mass conservation.
- Spontaneous Motion: Objects accelerate or decelerate without external forces.
- Uncaused Directional Change: Objects change direction abruptly without force.
- Instantaneous State Transition: Sudden jumps in position violate spatial continuity.
- Incorrect Force-Acceleration Relation: Force applied doesn't align with the object's mass and acceleration.
4. Biomechanical Failures:
- Violations of biological motion or anatomy principles.
5. Buoyancy Violations:
- Objects fail to float or sink according to density and fluid properties.
6. Fluid Dynamics Failures:
- Liquid interactions contradict fluid behavior laws.
7. Aerodynamics Violations:
- Objects defy principles of drag, lift, or airflow in the air.
8. Thermodynamic Anomalies:
- Violations of heat transfer, energy conversion, or entropy principles.
9. Optical Physics Violations:
- Incorrect behaviors in light reflection, refraction, or propagation.
10. Structural and Material Mechanics Failures:
- The strength, stress and deformation behavior of materials and structures under external forces do not conform to the basic laws.
## Output:
Please output JSON ONLY, containing two fields: "flag" and "violation_category".
- "flag": 1 if the video content conforms to the laws of real-world physics; 0 if it violates these laws.
- "violation_category": If a violation is detected, specify the type of violation based on the classifications above. If there is no violation, this field should be an empty string "".
Gemini/Holmes - rule-based classification with examples following few-shot principles
## Task Overview:
Please help analyze the provided video and determine whether its content adheres to the laws of real-world physics, with step-by-step reasoning.
**Classification of Physics Violations:**
1. Gravity Violations:
- Weightlessness: Objects defy gravitational acceleration, drifting or remaining stationary in midair. *Example: A police car hovers above a city street without visible support.*
- Anti-Gravity: Objects accelerate upward without opposing forces, contradicting gravity. *Example: A cup resting on a balcony suddenly floats upwards without cause.*
- Delayed Gravity Effect: Gravity is delayed, causing objects to float briefly before falling. *Example: A person floats in midair before eventually beginning to fall.*
2. Collision Detection Failures:
- Clipping-Through (Phantom Overlap): Objects penetrate each other without registering collisions, violating impenetrability. *Example: A car drives through and embeds itself into the road surface.*
3. Newton's Laws Violations:
- Spontaneous Rapid Spinning: Objects spin rapidly without external torque. *Example: A cone-shaped barrier begins spinning at high speed without any external force.*
- Sudden Appearance or Disappearance: Objects appear or disappear abruptly, violating mass conservation. *Example: A person intermittently appears and disappears in front of an autonomous vehicle's imaging system.*
- Spontaneous Motion: Objects accelerate or decelerate without external forces. *Example: A person running inside a stationary kayak causes the kayak to move forward.*
- Uncaused Directional Change: Objects change direction abruptly without force. *Example: A bowling ball abruptly swerves while rolling forward.*
- Instantaneous State Transition: Sudden jumps in position violate spatial continuity. *Example: A soldier teleports instantaneously to a distant location.*
- Incorrect Force-Acceleration Relation: Force applied doesn't align with the object's mass and acceleration. *Example: A person kicks a heavy truck, causing it to fly away, indicating incorrect force calculation.*
4. Biomechanical Failures:
- Violations of biological motion or anatomy principles. *Example: A pit crew member in a racing game is depicted missing their head.*
5. Buoyancy Violations:
- Objects fail to float or sink according to density and fluid properties. *Example: A person appears to float on the ocean's surface without reason.*
6. Fluid Dynamics Failures:
- Liquid interactions contradict fluid behavior laws. *Example: A person walks into a lake, but the water surface shows no ripples or disturbance.*
7. Aerodynamics Violations:
- Objects defy principles of drag, lift, or airflow in the air. *Example: A helicopter flies inverted between mountains, violating the laws of lift and drag.*
8. Thermodynamic Anomalies:
- Violations of heat transfer, energy conversion, or entropy principles. *Example: A person on fire suddenly extinguishes without any external cause.*
9. Optical Physics Violations:
- Incorrect behaviors in light reflection, refraction, or propagation. *Example: A telescope displays an image inside that does not match the external view.*
10. Structural and Material Mechanics Failures:
- The strength, stress, and deformation behavior of materials and structures under external forces do not conform to the basic laws. *Example: A car's body twists and deforms unrealistically while driving.*
## Output:
Please output JSON ONLY, containing two fields: "flag" and "violation_category".
- "flag": 1 if the video content conforms to the laws of real-world physics; 0 if it violates these laws.
- "violation_category": If a violation is detected, specify the type of violation based on the classifications above. If there is no violation, this field should be an empty string "".
## Here are some example outputs:
### Example 1:
In the video, a basketball is thrown towards a hoop. As it reaches the peak of its arc, it suddenly stops midair for a moment before continuing its trajectory downwards.
#### Example Output 1:
{
"flag": 0,
"violation_category": "Gravity Violations: Delayed Gravity Effect"
}
### Example 2:
In the video, a boat is shown moving smoothly across a lake. However, when the boat turns sharply, it flips upside down without any visible external force acting on it, and then it lands back upright.
#### Example Output 2:
{
"flag": 0,
"violation_category": "Newton's Laws Violations: Uncaused Directional Change"
}
### Example 3:
In the video, a soccer player kicks a stationary ball on a flat field. The ball rolls smoothly across the grass and gradually slows down due to friction until it comes to a stop.
#### Example Output 3:
{
"flag": 1,
"violation_category": ""
}
Devil
**Task:** Analyze the video for anomalies and normal behaviors, then classify its realism based on the criteria below:
1. **Completely Fantastical**: Displays complete detachment from reality throughout, with elements of fantasy or surrealism.
2. **Clearly Unrealistic**: Contains significant distortions over extended periods or on a large scale, making the overall scene unrealistic or contrary to physical laws, such as unrealistic large objects or scenes.
3. **Moderately Unrealistic**: Exhibits noticeable distortions temporarily or on an intermediate scale, though the plot remains fairly coherent, e.g., medium-sized objects or scenes appear unrealistic.
4. **Slightly Unrealistic**: Distortions are brief or minute, hard to notice, such as unnatural facial expressions or unnatural scene textures.
5. **Almost Realistic**: No noticeable distortions; aligns completely with reality.
**Instructions:**
- List all the anomalies and normal aspects observed.
- Based on these observations, and ignoring effects due to artistic styles, focus solely on physical and physiological laws to classify the video's realism.
**Required Output:**
- Only return the classification of the video's realism.