An elementary course on elementary particles. This is, by some margin, the least mathematically sophisticated of all my lecture notes, requiring little more than high school mathematics. The lectures provide a pop-science, but detailed, account of particle physics and quantum field theory. 


Quantum Field Theory An introductory course on quantum field theory, aimed at first year graduate students. It covers the canonical quantization of scalar, Dirac and vector fields. Videos are also included.

This is an introductory course on Statistical Mechanics and Thermodynamics given to final year undergraduates. They were last updated in May 2012. Full lecture notes come in around 190 pages. Individual chapters and problem sets can also be found below.


Physics Class 11 Chapter 5 Notes Pdf Download


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Thisis a course on group theory primarily intended for physics graduate studentsintending to specialize in condensed matter or particle theory. It will also have material of interest to mathematics students with some interest in mathematicalphysics. A more detailed course description of a past incarnation can be found here.

 The first class will be on Tuesday, Jan. 22, 2019, at 12pm, in ARC-203. Thereafter the course will meet on Tuesdays and Fridays 12pm - 1:20pm in Serin E372 and E385. That is: Tuesdays in E372 and Fridays in E385. If possible leave free time after 1:20pm so that I can run over, as there is a lot of material to cover. 

Note the location! The first class will meet in ARC-203 as stated on the RU website. 

N.B. There will be no class Feb. 5 and 8. March 15, April 12. We will make up classes by having going overtime regularly and by starting at 11am on certain Tuesdays: 

Tuesday, February 19: 11am 

Tuesday, March 12: 11am

A description of potential topics and some administrative matters can be foundbe found here.


You, like many students, may view college level physics as difficult.

You, again like many students, may seem overwhelmed by new terms and equations.

You may not have had extensive experience with problem-solving and may get lost

when trying to apply information from your textbook and classes to an actual

physics problem. We hope this pamphlet will help!

If you learn about a new topic in class and don't quite understand it, it can be be tempting to just forget about it and move onto the next lesson. Don't do this! The longer you wait to go over the topic, the harder it will be to actually understand it because you will have forgotten more of what you learned about it in class. If you're not sure of a certain concept or equation, use these notes to learn more, read the corresponding chapter in your textbook, and/or ask your teacher for more explanation.

When thinking through a subject in preparation for a class I have no option but to write my way through the subject, and then to lecture from my own notes. I find it much more pleasant and productive to spend an afternoon and evening writing than arguing with the absent author of a published text. And easy to entertain the delusion that what I have written is superior to the text. Inevitably it is at any rate different from any of the candidate textbooks, embodies organizational principles, analytical techniques and points of view that I prepared to "profess" (my responsibility as a professor) rather than simply to regurgitate/parrot. I suppose it is for that same set of reasons that many/most teachers of physics/mathematics (including all of those who influenced me most profoundly) prefer to work from notes.

The method is fairly straightforward, and works by reading a chapter of your textbook, closing it, and then making all your notes from memory. You then go back over to check for any errors before moving onto the next chapter.

To make sure your notes are accurate we suggest that every time you finish a chapter or section of text you skim back through and check it against the textbook. This is particularly important for subjects that have lots of technical spellings, such as scientific terms in Physics and Chemistry, as well as names of important figures in subjects such as History and Politics.

This site contains course notes for algebra based physics with explorable explanations.I'm still adding content for 2023-2024. Let me know if you have any ideas or if you found one of the numerous mistakes.

The ITER Physics Basis presents and evaluates the physics rules andmethodologies for plasma performance projections, which provide the basis for thedesign of a tokamak burning plasma device whose goal is to demonstrate the scientificand technological feasibility of fusion energy for peaceful purposes. This Chaptersummarizes the physics basis for burning plasma projections, which is developed indetail by the ITER Physics Expert Groups in subsequent chapters. To set context, thedesign guidelines and requirements established in the report of ITER Special WorkingGroup 1 are presented, as are the specifics of the tokamak design developed in theFinal Design Report of the ITER Engineering Design Activities, which exemplifiesburning tokamak plasma experiments. The behaviour of a tokamak plasma is determined bythe interaction of many diverse physics processes, all of which bear on projectionsfor both a burning plasma experiment and an eventual tokamak reactor. Key processessummarized here are energy and particle confinement and the H-mode power threshold;MHD stability, including pressure and density limits, neoclassical islands, errorfields, disruptions, sawteeth, and ELMs; power and particle exhaust, involvingdivertor power dispersal, helium exhaust, fuelling and density control, H-mode edgetransition region, erosion of plasma facing components, tritium retention; energeticparticle physics; auxiliary power physics; and the physics of plasma diagnostics.Summaries of projection methodologies, together with estimates of their attendantuncertainties, are presented in each of these areas. Since each physics element hasits own scaling properties, an integrated experimental demonstration of the balancebetween the combined processes which obtains in a reactor plasma is inaccessible tocontemporary experimental facilities: it requires a reactor scale device. It isargued, moreover, that a burning plasma experiment can be sufficiently flexible topermit operation in a steady state mode, with non-inductive plasma current drive, aswell as in a pulsed mode where current is inductively driven. Overall, the ITERPhysics Basis can support a range of candidate designs for a tokamak burning plasmafacility. For each design, there will remain a significant uncertainty in theprojected performance, but the projection methodologies outlined here do suffice tospecify the major parameters of such a facility and form the basis for assuring thatits phased operation will return sufficient information to design a prototypecommercial fusion power reactor, thus fulfilling the goal of the ITER project.

While many students think studying begins and ends with reading and rereading their book or their notes, more efficient and effective studying involves a more active approach. This is especially true for mathematics and physics classes, where you are asked to demonstrate your understanding by solving problems.

You can view each Chapter of the Physics 405/406 Lecture Notes from the Physics 406 Blackboard Site. You can download the respective PDF files. The introduction is shown as a sample below.

 Each chapter of the Lecture Notes will appear on Blackboard when we have finished the material in class.

This book is about nonlinear dynamics and control, with a focus on mechanical systems. I've spent my career thinking about how to make robots move robustly, but also with speed, efficiency, and grace. I believe that this is best achieved through a tight coupling between mechanical design, passive dynamics, and nonlinear control synthesis. These notes contain selected material from dynamical systems theory, as well as linear and nonlinear control. But the dynamics of our robots quickly get too complex for us to handle with a pencil-and-paper approach. As a result, the primary focus of these notes is on computational approaches to control design, especially using optimization and machine learning. When I started teaching this class, and writing these notes, the computational approach to control was far from mainstream in robotics. I had just finished my Ph.D. focused on reinforcement learning (applied to a bipedal robot), and was working on optimization-based motion planning. I remember sitting at a robotics conference dinner as a young faculty, surrounded by people I admired, talking about optimization. One of the senior faculty said "Russ: the people that talk like you aren't the people that get real robots to work." Wow, have things changed. Now almost every advanced robot is using optimization or learning in the planning/control system.

The material in these notes is organized into a few main parts. "Model Systems" introduces a series of increasingly complex dynamical systems and overviews some of the relevant results from the literature for each system. "Nonlinear Planning and Control" introduces quite general computational algorithms for reasoning about those dynamical systems, with optimization theory playing a central role. Many of these algorithms treat the dynamical system as known and deterministic until the last chapters in this part which introduce stochasticity and robustness. "Estimation and Learning" follows this up with techniques from statistics and machine learning which capitalize on this viewpoint to introduce additional algorithms which can operate with less assumptions on knowing the model or having perfect sensors. The book closes with an "Appendix" that provides slightly more introduction (and references) for the main topics used in the course.

It is must for student to give divide their time in understanding and learning the concept behind the mathematical tools like integration, differentiation, and trigonometry. Calculus based physics come in class 11 so it is quite obvious to get a good understanding on such things. Apart from this, you need to also learn thermal physics and practice numerical as much as you can. These are the chapters which definitely enhances the marks in your subject.Practice all Physics Formulas uploaded in Physics Wallah. ff782bc1db

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