INTRODUCTION:
Many countries aim to achieve universal health care(UCH) as examples of the steps taken to achieve this are the Millenium developmental goals and sustainable developmental goals. In order to achieve universal health care in the Philippines the government established PhilHealth in 1995 and became the country's nations health insurer.
Due to the establishment of PhilHealth the Philippines have seen an increased expansion of health insurance especially amongst the poor. According to the statistics between 2012 and 2015 the number of households who receive government-subsidized health insurance was 5.2 million that became 15.3 million beneficiaries.
Where does the budget come from?
Substantial amount comes from the 2012 Sintax law. A law in which states to have an increase tax for tobacco and alcohol.
Does PhilHealth is for everyone?
In order to provide universal health insurance coverage for all Filipinos and improve healthcare availability, accessibility and affordability for a larger number of people, the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation or PhilHealth, was established.
This is particularly true for people who do not always have quick access to high-quality medical treatment. PhilHealth employs a cross-subsidized, sustainable money pooling, administration and disbursement mechanism.
PhilHealth was made possible by the National Health Insurance Act of 1995, which took over the duties of the Medicare Program. Within 15 years, PhilHealth was mandated to offer social health insurance coverage to the Filipino population.
As they say, “Mahirap magkasakit.” For many Filipinos, this is true due to the difficulties of falling ill as well as the high cost of medical care. You still need all the assistance you can get , even if you have a job, to pay for unforeseen expenses and the medical requirements of your own family.
In general, the nation’s healthcare system is not uniform. Large cities’ hospitals are held higher standards and have more and better equipment than rural areas’ hospitals, which frequently lack infrastructure.
Therefore, even though it can be costly, purchasing health insurance is essential for Filipinos to be ready for unexpended medical costs and financial setbacks. Fortunately, other than the health maintenance organization (HMO) plan that is typically provided to employees as part of their perks.
Citizens who are fully employed are automatically enrolled in PhilHealth because their employers are responsible for paying for their membership and on going contributions. There are, nevertheless, additional membership categories accessible. Anybody can register online or manually through a PhilHealth office.
Benefits:
Inpatient benefits
Any healthcare facility that has received PhilHealth accreditation may provide inpatient benefits to its members, and prior to discharge, the case rate amount will be subtracted from their overall bill.
Outpatient benefits
Assistance along with procedures and treatments that do not require hospitalization, such as day surgeries, radiotherapy, outpatient blood transfusions, and hemodialysis, is referred to as an outpatient benefit.
Z benefits
Members and those they depend on with serious illnesses that necessitate hospital stays and costly therapies—such as cancer, breast, prostate, kidney, and other transplants—are facilitated by the Z benefits coverage.
Maternity benefits
Maternity benefits are accessible to mothers who have updated contributions on file and are PhilHealth members. This might include any of the following:
· Antenatal care package - Prenatal check-ups such as laboratory tests and ultrasounds are included in this coverage.
· Normal spontaneous delivery package – This covers normal, low-risk vaginal deliveries, including postnatal check-ups from three to seven days post-delivery.
· Other methods of delivery - PhilHealth also covers cesarean sections, breech extractions, vaginal deliveries following cesarean sections, and complex vaginal deliveries including those requiring an episiotomy or forceps.
· Newborn care package - This includes the provision that are fundamental newborn care, such as early skin-to-skin contact, drying and weighing the baby, as well as newborn screening and hearing tests.
Members can avail of the benefits at any accredited hospital and non-hospital facilities.
Penalties:
· Failure to Settle PhilHealth Contribution
In December 2020, the state insurance agency made a statement clarifying that legal action would not be taken against individuals who miss their payments. Additionally, it was confirmed by Ricardo Morales, the former president and CEO of PhilHealth, that all Filipinos are covered by the Universal Health Care Act of 2019, also known as Republic Act No. 11223, regardless of their payment status. This means that even if premiums have not been paid, one can still benefit from PhilHealth coverage.
· Liable for the Penalty of Late Payments of Premiums and the Exceptions:
- Employees who do not pay their premiums on time may face a penalty for late payments. However, there are some exceptions to this rule. If an employer is unable to remit the payment due to a PHIC down system delay or error, or if there are discrepancies in salary or payments for newly hired employees, these cases would not be subject to penalty.
· Cost of Penalties for Late Payments
In accordance with PHIC Circular No. 2016-00343, the interest or surcharge for late PHIC remittances will be calculated at 2% of the total premium to be remitted or PHP 200, whichever is higher, compounded monthly. Note that even a partial month of delay will be considered as one full month.
Coverage of Plan:
What Are the Diseases Covered by PhilHealth?
PhilHealth implements a case rate payment system where the amount that PhilHealth will reimburse the patient depends on the specific illness/case. This coverage includes healthcare professional fees and facility charges.
Dengue is among the cases covered by PhilHealth. Dengue fever with and without warning signs is covered up to ₱10,000 while Severe Dengue is covered up to ₱16,000.
Listed below are other common illnesses covered by PhilHealth and their case rates. Take note that this is not a complete list. Complete case rate information can be searched in the Philhealth Portal.
Illness
Coverage
Acute Gastroenteritis
Amoebiasis
₱6,000
Acute Renal Failure
₱19,300
Allergic Reactions
₱6,200
Anaphylactic Shock (Severe Allergic Reactions)
₱7,600
Anemia
₱10,000
Arthritis (Infectious)
₱9,700
Asthma (In Acute Exacerbation)
₱9,000
Back Pain, Radiculopathy, Sciatica
₱6,400
Bleeding Disorders/Hemorrhagic Conditions
₱12,800
Brain Injury/Intracranial Injury
₱8,800
Breast Cancer/Malignancy
₱11,800
Cancer/Malignancy (Depends on Affected Organs), Examples: Bone and Cartilage
Case Rate Range for Malignancy
Central Nervous System
Digestive Organs
₱16,500
₱11,000-₱16,900
₱16,900
₱14,200
Cardiac Arrhythmia and Cardiomyopathy
₱13,400
Cellulitis
₱9,600
Chikungunya and Other Arthropod-Borne Viral Fever
₱8,100
Cholecystitis
₱11,300
Chronic Heart Disease Without Complication
₱4,000
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
₱12,200
Chronic Kidney Disease
₱14,500
COVID-19 Moderate Without Pneumonia With Risk Factors for Progression
COVID-19 Moderate With Pneumonia
COVID-19 Severe
COVID-19 Critical
₱43,997
₱143, 267
₱333,519
₱786,384
Dengue Fever
Dengue, Severe
₱10,000
₱16,000
Diabetes Mellitus With Complications Other Than Coma or Ketosis
₱12,600
Diabetes Mellitus With Coma or Ketosis
₱15,800
Dehydration (Moderate-Severe)
₱4,000
Ebola Virus Disease
₱110,000 up to ₱222,000
Epilepsy
₱7,800
Glaucoma
₱6,500
Heart Failure
₱15,500
Heat Stroke and Other Heat Exhaustion
₱6,500
Hydrocephalus
₱17,300
Hypertensive Urgency/Emergency
₱9,000
Hyperthyroidism
₱8,500
Hypoglycemia
₱4,000
Hypothyroidism
₱8,100
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
₱9,100
Inflammatory Diseases of the Central Nervous System (Encephalitis, Myelitis, etc.)
₱21,600
Inflammatory Disease of the Heart (Endocarditis, Myocarditis, etc.)
₱14,400
Influenza
₱6,000
Injuries to Muscle, Tendons, and Joints
₱7,200
Intestinal Obstruction
₱10,100
Ischemic Heart Disease With Myocardial Infarction
Ischemic Heart Disease Without Myocardial Infarction
₱18,900
₱12,000
Leptospirosis Moderate to Severe
₱11,000
Liver Failure
₱20,600
Malnutrition
₱11,700
Meningitis
₱25,700
Meningococcemia
₱19,800
Mental and Behavioral Disorders
₱7,800
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV)
₱50,000-₱100,000
Migraine and Headache Syndromes
₱5,500
Different types of PhilHealth medical benefits and how to claim them.
1. Inpatient benefits
The inpatient benefit may refer to any kind of diagnostic or therapeutic procedure where the patient needs to stay longer or be confined in a hospital. This covers the hospital charges (such as the ER, patient room, lab, medicines) and professional fees of the attending physician.
Where to avail:
Accredited health care institutions (HCI)
2. Outpatient benefits
An outpatient benefit refers to any hospital visits or medical assistance that are less than 24 hours and cases that do not need confinement. Procedures refer to:
● Blood transfusion – a one-day transfusion of blood or blood products with the maximum covered amount of P3,640.
● Day surgeries – refer to ambulatory, non-emergency, and outpatient surgeries
● Hemodialysis – the maximum covered amount is P2,600 for both inpatient and outpatient dialysis procedures.
● Radiotherapy – the maximum covered amount for a cobalt session is P2,000 and a linear accelerator session is P3,000.
● Primary care benefit – inclusive of preventive services, diagnostic exams, drugs/medicines for indigent individuals, land-based OFWs, sponsored members, and organized groups.
● Expanded primary care benefit – inclusive of initial and/or follow up consultation, diagnostic exams, medicines, and other essential services for medical conditions limited to asthma, acute gastroenteritis, pneumonia, upper respiratory tract infection, and UTI.
Where to avail:
Accredited ambulatory surgical clinics
(Read: How To Apply For A PhilHealth ID)
3. Z benefits
PhilHealth’s Z Benefits package refers to “financially and medically catastrophic illnesses” and provides coverage to conditions needing longer and/or expensive medical treatments, including, but not limited to:
● Cancer – prostate cancer, breast, cervical, leukemia
● Kidney failure, heart bypass surgery, congenital heart defects, Z Morph – risk level and criteria apply
● Selected orthopedic implants
Where to avail:
Accredited HCIs specialized in the said service
(Read: Guide To Emergency Funds: 5 Ways To Prepare For A Financial Crisis)
4. SDG benefits
Part of the agency’s mandate is to set objectives in line with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). To make sure these objectives are met, PhilHealth has created medical packages for members with medical conditions or undergoing procedures of the following:
● Outpatient malaria
● Outpatient HIV-AIDS
● Anti-TB through DOTS course
● Voluntary surgical contraception
● Animal bite treatment
Where to avail:
Accredited primary care benefit provider you are scheduled to visit
5. Maternity benefits
PhilHealth provides four packages to women who are about to give birth. These include:
● Antenatal care package – Provided that the mother went to a minimum of four prenatal checkups, the mother will receive P1,500 worth of coverage. The last checkup should be in the third trimester of the pregnancy.
● Normal spontaneous delivery package – Pertains to the post-partum period within the immediate 72 hours and the seven days after giving birth. The mother will have a coverage amounting to P5,000 for delivery at the hospital or P6,500 for delivery at maternity clinics/birthing homes.
● Other methods of delivery – Cesarean (P19,000); complicated vaginal delivery (P9,700); breech extraction (P12,120); and vaginal delivery after a previous Cesarean method (P12,120)
● Newborn care package – Essential health care worth P1,750 will be given to your baby. There’s no maximum number of births, but filing should be within 60 days after the childbirth.
6. Senior citizen benefits
Senior citizens (and retirees/pensioners) are automatic and lifetime members of PhilHealth granted that they meet the eligibility requirements. They can also be listed as dependents of principal members. Their benefits include inpatient, outpatient, Z health services, and TsekAp diagnostic exams that are appropriate to their conditions.
7. OFW benefits
OFWs and their dependents can avail of the same health care benefits in the Philippines. If they are confined outside the country, the expenses can be reimbursed by filing at any PhilHealth office. OFWs are also eligible to become lifetime members like that of retirees and pensioners.
PhilHealth Benefits And How To Avail Of Them (ecomparemo.com)
Population Coverage
"Who are covered"
Prior to 2019, PhilHealth has primarily reported "coverage rate" or the entitlement of members based on premium payments. But with the signing of the UHC Act (RA11223), all Filipinos are already automatically included under the National Health Insurance Program (NHIP) - making PhilHealth's coverage rate at 100%,including all Filipino indigents.
Financial Coverage
"How much is covered"
MemberShip Category
SDG-Related Packages
https://www.philhealth.gov.ph/about_us/statsncharts/snc2023_1stSem.pdf
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/16549716.2018.1483638
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/16549716.2018.1483638
https://kwik.insure/kwik-hub/health-insurance/philhealth-101-everything-you-need-to-know
https://kwik.insure/kwik-hub/health-insurance/philhealth-101-everything-you-need-to-know
https://www.philhealth.gov.ph/circulars/2021/circ2021-0010.pdf