The future value of a dollar amount, commonly called the compounded value, involves the application of compound interest to a present value amount. The result is a future dollar amount. Three types of compounding are

annual, intra-year, and annuity compounding. This article discusses intra-year calculations for compound interest.


For additional information about annual compounding, view the following article:

Intra-year compound interest is interest that is compounded more frequently than once a year. Financial institutions may calculate interest on bases of semiannual, quarterly, monthly, weekly, or even daily time periods.


Microsoft Excel includes the EFFECT function in the Analysis ToolPak add-in for versions older than 2003. The Analysis ToolPak is already loaded. The EFFECT function returns the compounded interest rate based on the annual interest rate and the number of compounding periods per year. 


The formula to calculate intra-year compound interest with the EFFECT worksheet function is as follows:


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For more information about compound interest, click Microsoft Excel Help on the Help menu, type effect in the Office Assistant or the Answer Wizard, and then click Search to view the topic.

Compound interest is one of the most powerful financial concepts with applications in banking, accounting, and finance. If you're an accounting student or dipping your toes into the stock market, you will have to calculate compound interest regularly.

There are two ways you can calculate compound interest in Excel. You can use the compound interest formula, or you can use the built-in Excel financial functions that let you calculate compound interest with ease.

Suppose you invested $1000 with a 5% interest rate that will compound every year. In this case, you will earn $50 (5% of 1000) after one year, making your gross amount $1050. In the following year, the interest will apply to the gross amount, i.e., 5% of 1050. This will make your gross amount $1102.5.

Compound interest differs from simple interest because in the former, the interest applies to the gross amount, while in the latter, it only applies to the principal. Compound interest has exponential increments solely because of this difference.

Notice how we've only calculated annual compound interest until now. But often, we want to calculate quarterly, monthly, or even daily compound interests. It's time to understand how to calculate compound interest for an intra-year period.

Here N denotes the number of times compounding occurs in a period (year.) In our initial example, we put N=1 because compounding happens only once per year. If we want to calculate the monthly compound interest for our initial example, we'll put N=12 (since there are 12 months in a year.) Similarly, for the daily compound interest, we'll put N=365.

Excel has an EFFECT function which is one of the top financial functions in Excel. You can use it to calculate the compound interest for an intra-year period. The syntax of the effect function is as follows:

By now, you have a decent understanding of compound interest. All you need now is a little practice, and you'll be able to calculate annual or intra-year compound interests using the compound interest formula or the Excel functions.

To calculate compound interest in Excel, you can use the FV function. This example assumes that $1000 is invested for 10 years at an annual interest rate of 5%, compounded monthly. In the example shown, the formula in C10 is:

Compound interest is a financial concept that describes how an initial investment grows over time, taking into account not only the interest earned on the initial amount but also the interest earned on the interest itself. Compound interest allows your money to grow exponentially, which makes it a powerful tool for building wealth over the long term. To calculate the effect of compound interest in Excel, you can use the FV function, which is designed to calculate the future value of an investment.

The FV function, short for "Future Value," calculates the future value of an investment taking into account a constant interest rate and optional periodic payments. The FV function uses the following syntax:

To calculate simple interest in Excel, you need to use a simple formula. In this formula, you need to have the principal amount, interest rate, and term period of the interest and then you need to multiply all of these with each other to get the final interest amount in the result.

This wikiHow teaches you how to create an interest payment calculator in Microsoft Excel. To calculate payments, you'll just need the principal amount, interest rate, and number of payments remaining. You can then use the IPMT function to determine how much you'll have to pay in interest in each period. You can calculate interest payments in Excel on a Windows PC or a Mac.

My hope is to consolidate all the calculations in the background and to effectively create an interface in which the user can just populate the payment amount, the date it was due and then the date the calculator was made and it would spit out the amount of interest instantly.

Whenever you take out a loan, whether it's a mortgage, home loan or car loan, you need to pay back the amount you originally borrowed and interest on top of it. In simple terms, interest is the cost of using someone's (usually a bank's) money.

The interest portion of a loan payment can be calculated manually by multiplying the period's interest rate by the remaining balance. But Microsoft Excel has a special function for this - the IPMT function. In this tutorial, we will go in-depth explaining its syntax and providing real-life formula examples.

IPMT is Excel's interest payment function. It returns the interest amount of a loan payment in a given period, assuming the interest rate and the total amount of a payment are constant in all periods.

If you make weekly, monthly, or quarterly payments, divide the annual rate by the number of payment periods per year, as shown in this example. Say, if you make quarterly payments on a loan with an annual interest rate of 6 percent, use 6%/4 for rate.Per (required) - the period for which you want to calculate the interest. It must be an integer in the range from 1 to nper.Nper (required) - the total number of payments during the lifetime of the loan.Pv (required) - the present value of the loan or investment. In other words, it is the loan principal, i.e. the amount you borrowed.Fv (optional) - the future value, i.e. the desired balance after the last payment is made. If omitted, it is implied to be zero (0).Type (optional) - specifies when the payments are due:0 or omitted - payments are made at the end of each period.1 - payments are made at the beginning of each period.For example, if you received a loan of $20,000, which you must pay off in annual installments during the next 3 years with an annual interest rate of 6%, the interest portion of the 1st year payment can be calculated with this formula:

=IPMT(6%, 1, 3, -20000)


Examples of using IPMT formula in ExcelNow that you know the basics, let's see how to use the IPMT function to find the amount of interest for different frequencies of payment, and how changing the loan conditions changes the potential interest.

To get the interest portion of a loan payment right, you should always convert the annual interest rate to the corresponding period's rate and the number of years to the total number of payment periods:

Looking at the screenshot below, you can notice that the interest amount decreases with each subsequent period. This is because any payment contributes to reducing the loan principal, and this reduces the remaining balance on which interest is calculated.

Also, please notice that the total amount of interest payable on the same loan differs for annual, semi-annual and quarterly installments:


Full form of the IPMT functionIn this example, we are going to calculate interest for the same loan, the same payment frequency, but different annuity types (regular and annuity-due). For this, we will need to use the full form of the IPMT function.

So, we enter the above formula in B9, drag it down for the remaining periods, and get the following result. If you compare the numbers in the Interest columns (regular annuity on the left and annuity-due on the right), you will notice that interest is a little lower when you pay at the beginning of period.


Excel IPMT function not workingIf your IPMT formula throws an error, it is most likely to be one of the following:

That's how you use the IPMT function in Excel. To have a closer look at the formulas discussed in this tutorial, you are welcome to download our Excel IPMT function sample workbook. I thank you for reading and hope to see you on our blog next week!

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If I follow your example, but put Fv > 0, then after a number of periods the intrest payment goes form negative to positive. Does this imply that after awhile the lender will start paying the borrower interest,.... which makes no sense. Have I made a mistake ?

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