The basket's position relative to the rest of the speaker - highlighted in red.
Basket
Also known as the frame, the basket keeps everything together, providing protection and structural support.
The pole piece's position relative to rest of the the speaker - highlighted in red.
Pole Piece
Since permanent magnets can be expensive to manufacture in the intricate shapes needed to fit in a specific speaker, the pole piece/plate attaches to the permanent magnet, and hypothetically extends its pole.
The top plate's position relative to the rest of the speaker - highlighted in red.
Top Plate
The top plate's only function is to keep the pole piece in its place to allocate a gap for the voice coil to reside in. Occasionally, the pole piece and the top plate may be one assembly and called the yoke.
The dust cap's position relative to the rest of the speaker - highlighted in red.
Dust Cap
This small round concaving or convexing piece of felt, paper, cloth, or aluminum plays a large role in keeping the inner workings of the speaker clear of particles, liquids, and other contaminants which can cause unwanted friction and impede the speaker's performance. Glued to the diaphragm, the dust cap also makes structural contributions, adding rigidity, and a speaker looks incomplete without the characteristic bump (or dip) we all recognize at the centre.