Palmetto 1998 Download

Palmetto is a 1998 neo-noir thriller film directed by Volker Schlndorff (as Volker Schlondorff) with a screenplay by E. Max Frye. It is based on the 1961 novel Just Another Sucker by James Hadley Chase. The film stars Woody Harrelson, Elisabeth Shue and Gina Gershon.[3]

Objective: To conduct a systematic review and, where possible, quantitative meta-analysis of the existing evidence regarding the therapeutic efficacy and safety of the saw palmetto plant extract, Serenoa repens, in men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

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Objectives: To assess the effects of saw palmetto on voiding symptoms and urodynamic parameters in men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) presumed secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Methods: Fifty men with previously untreated LUTS and a minimum International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) of 10 or greater were treated with a commercially available form of saw palmetto (160 mg twice per day) for 6 months. The initial evaluation included measurement of peak urinary flow rate, postvoid residual urine volume, pressure-flow study, and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level. Patients completed an IPSS, serum PSA was determined, and flow rate was measured every 2 months during the course of the study. A urodynamic evaluation was repeated at the completion of the 6-month trial.

Conclusions: Saw palmetto is a well-tolerated agent that may significantly improve lower urinary tract symptoms in men with BPH. However, we were unable to demonstrate any significant improvement in objective measures of bladder outlet obstruction. Placebo-controlled trials of saw palmetto are needed to evaluate the true effectiveness of this compound.

Saw palmetto [Serenoa repens (Bartr.) Small] is the most common native palm in the U.S. and, possibly, the most useful. Cattle and wildlife, especially black bears and white-tailed deer, consume the fruits. The flowers are a favorite nectar source for honey bees, and the sprawling, shrubby palm provides excellent cover for birds, reptiles, and small animals. Saw palmetto's edible fruits were a staple in the diet of Florida's pre-contact inhabitants. Vegetative parts of the plant supply fiber, wax, and roof thatch. Current interest in saw palmetto stems from its use in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. An estimated 6 800 000 kg of the fruit are shipped to Europe each year. Preliminary data suggest that the economic value of saw palmetto harvesting may exceed that of cattle grazing, the common use of much saw palmetto habitat.

In 1998, the City of Alice began introducing native aquatic vegetation as mitigation for a 1996 fish kill. Survival rates of the native aquatic vegetation have been highly variable due to water level fluctuations. In 2002, water stargrass and American pondweed were abundant throughout the low end of the reservoir. However, by 2004 these species were non-existent. Emergent species, bulltongue and pickerel weed have established and spread beyond the planting sites. Floating-leaved species, white water lily and spatterdock have established and spread throughout the reservoir.

The reservoir can fluctuate as much as 3 feet as a result of inflows and usage by the City of Alice. After a fish kill in May 1998, the City of Alice agreed to try to maintain the water level at approximately 192.0 ft MSL. Since May 1998 there have been four additional fish kills in the reservoir. These fish kills occur from late spring through the summer, shortly after the City of Alice begins pumping water via pipelines from Lake Corpus Christi. Approximately 26 acre-feet of water (~3.5% of the volume of Lake Findley) can remain in the two, 30-mile pipelines for extended periods of time, becoming anoxic. When the pipelines are opened, the fish respond to the flow by swimming up the canal into the anoxic water, resulting in a fish kill.

Proctor Reservoir is a 4,610-acre flood-control reservoir constructed on the Leon River 10 miles north of Comanche, Texas. It has a history of significant water level fluctuations. The reservoir filled in spring of 2001 after dropping to 20 ft. below conservation level from 1998 to fall 2000. It was 5 ft. below conservation level during sampling in 2006. Habitat features at the time of sampling consisted primarily of nondescript shoreline and rocky areas. Angler and boat access was excellent.

Important sport fish include largemouth bass, palmetto bass, white crappie, white bass, and channel catfish. Palmetto bass have been stocked almost every year since 1978 to maintain the population. Drought conditions during the period between 1999 and early 2001 combined with reduced stocking rates between 1999 and 2000 (with no stocking in 2001) negatively impacted the abundance of palmetto bass. As water level increased, palmetto bass stocking resumed at a rate of 15/acre. The drought also adversely impacted the largemouth bass population. To help remedy this, Florida-strain largemouth bass were stocked in 2001, and a 16-inch minimum length limit was implemented in 2002.

Coach Burke started playing volleyball in 1989 at age nine in Brazil where she played on her middle school traveling team for four years. When she moved to the U.S. in 1994, she made her high school varsity team as a freshman setter. She played as the starting setter for three seasons and led her team to two conference finals (1995 and 1996) and a rank of six in the state of Florida in 1995. Coach Burke went on to play at the collegiate level at Newberry College from 1998 to 2000 and at the University of Florida (club-level) in 2002.

Project Proposal Abstract: The Osceola National Forest in Florida contains a unique set of long-term prescribed burning plots in an 85-year old natural stand of longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) . The plots were established in 1958 by the Southeastern Forest Experiment Station. The understory is southern rough (palmetto/gallberry) . The study design consists of 24 0.8 ha plots arranged in 6 blocks of 4 treatments each, consisting of dormant season burns applied at 1, 2, or 4 year intervals and unburned controls. The presence of remnant boxed longleaf pine trees from turpentine operations a century ago are an added attraction and evidence that the herbaceous groundcover was never removed for agriculture. Fuels and vegetation data have been collected pre- and post- burn along with fire behavior data each year, and additional studies that have compared the effects of 4 levels of fuel reduction (1, 2, 4, and none) on overstory stand dynamics, groundcover plants, coarse woody debris, arthropods, and smoke production make these plots an ideal candidate for a demonstration area. The area is located in North Florida where the 1998-2000 fire seasons have resulted in a substantially heightened public interest about the efficacy of prescribed fire to reduce hazardous fuel accumulations. The study site is within an hour of several colleges/universities and numerous cities in Florida and South Georgia, home to roughly one million people. Furthermore a woods road serves as a fire break around three sides of the study site making the visually dramatic changes on 14 of the plots within a few feet of the handicapped. Because the 1998 fire season revealed problems with traditional dormant/season burns, we propose to create a comprehensive demonstration area using this long-term study and add adjacent replicated growing season burn treatments applied every 1,2, 3, and 4 years, a second set of unburned control plots, and a fire surrogate consisting of a herbicide treatment. A display board containing a map, photos, study results, and the role of fire in this ecosystem will be designed by a professional educational outreach company and installed at the study parking area. A full color take home fact sheet will also be provided. A web page will be developed containing similar but more detailed information. Descriptive signs will be placed at each plot. A field day will be conducted in FY2004 to visually show professionals and laypeople the effects of various levels of fire on hazardous fuel reduction, biodiversity and wildlife habitat. This proposal directly addresses JFSP Issue 3, Task 1: Develop demonstration sites in various ecosystems ... that can serve to illustrate various fuels treatment practices or techniques.... There is also a link to Task 3: Address local knowledge gaps that are significant to fire management plan development and implementation which has added significance because this study site contains both federally and state listed species, as well as species of special concern. 2351a5e196