An area (or filled polygon) is a two-dimensional object bounded by one or more linear ways and marked by appropriate tags. The simplest areas are defined by closed ways, having the same start and end node. More complex areas are defined using multipolygon relations, which may specify multiple boundary ways.
Areas are not distinct data primitives in the OpenStreetMap model, and whether a closed way is an area is inferred from its tags. For example, ways tagged with landuse=* are assumed to be areas, but ways tagged as highway=pedestrian are treated as linear features, unless they have an explicit area=yes tag, describing a pedestrian area.
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Closed ways with some combinations of tags can create both a linear 'closed polygon' and also an area. For example a roundabout with a grass area in the middle might defined as a closed way tagged with highway=primary and also with landuse=grass. This would be interpreted as a circular cased road with a green areas in the middle.
However, in situations where there are actually holes in the larger feature, such as with a grass clearing in a wood, multipolygons should be used to explicitly specify e.g. the clearing in the wood and separately define the grass area in that clearing.
In this example a lake is defined by a closed way where the last node equals the first of the way. The use of natural=water implies area=yes. Note that it is not possible to describe lake surfaces having islands or islets this way, as closed ways, by definition, cannot have holes.
Areas may also be defined with relation:multipolygon as a set of ways which define one or more outer boundaries, and optionally zero or more inner boundaries ('holes'). In the example below there is one outer boundary defined by a single way, and two ways as inner:
Areas can be created explicitly with multipolygons or by adding area=yes, but several tags on closed way also imply that it is an area - or not. For example landuse=forest clearly means tree-covered area, not row of trees. While natural=tree_row on a closed way clearly means that it is a ring of trees.
Note that processing is complicated and is likely to break down in case of representing multiple objects with one geometry element. For example, representing both playground and wall around a playground on one element (barrier=wall and leisure=playground) will cause problems in case of attempts to render wall as areas. See for example case of a default map style.
This tag is seldom necessary, since the nature of closed ways is inferred from other tags (for example, natural=water encloses a water area, while waterway=* represents a linear water feature such as a ditch). However, some tags can be applied to both areas and lines; in those cases, explicitly specifying area=* resolves the ambiguity on closed ways. For example, leisure=track, sport=running, area=no is just a circular running track.
The tag is meaningless on features other than closed ways. Also, a closed way only tagged with area=yes and name=* means essentially nothing, although it might be rendered on maps by accident; use place=* to denote a named feature. Areas can also be described using one or more ways and a relation:multipolygon.
Mappers frequently use both "areal" and "linear" tags on the same closed way. This can result in the way being used to define both, an area and also a polyline at its outline. For example, a closed way tagged landuse=grass and barrier=fence can be interpreted as a fence enclosing an area of grass.
A clean solution would be to create one element for each feature, i.e. tag the closed way with linear feature tags only and add it to a multipolygon which maps the area. Alternatively, draw a duplicate closed way overlapping the first and use the area feature tags solely on this duplicate. However, overlapping ways might be hard to handle for subsequent users. Also, in situations where a fence divides two plots of land, it should ideally be mapped as a single barrier=fence way between them, rather than each plot having its own surrounding way.
Where a road crosses a pedestrian area then a linear way tagged in the usual way should be overlaid across the square. This linear way should shares nodes with the pedestrian area at its entrance and exit from the square.
Note: Most pedestrian routing algorithms do not currently route (correctly) across area features, tending to route around the edge or not at all (especially in case of multipolygons). Do not alter your mapping to accommodate such routers.
I was just wondering if there is a way to simply change an set of points that are actually closed (for example someone who traced the boundary of a lake) using a line and closing it as opposed to creating it as an area from the beginning. I find a number of lakes for instance that are not "areas" so cannot be tagged as a lake.
this is my personal solution to this problem which worked fine especially if you click another area and then come back the menu is set for areas you can then pick the right tagging and id probably might get rid of some unessary area=yes taggs in the process. but most things if you left them there by ignorance when area implied by other tags like landuse for instance.
The "area" tool only provides a simplified means to create a closed shape. A "line" which has closed, beginning and end points are the same, is what produces an area, with the appropriate tags. Thus if you tag the lake as such, it will show up correctly as a lake.
Inside OSM, there is no proper "area" type. Areas are just represented by a closed line, like you have there. So if you tag it the same, then it will all be the same for rendering and working with it.
I use to switch between "area=yes" and "area=no" in the id editor (using the "show tags". It's the only way to fix things such as two buildings and a construction site rendered as one building.And no, changing the line to "building" does not work (unless you remove the "area=n8", of course.
I sort of figured they cant be so different (closed line and an area) its simply connected nodes. However trying to make the tags in iD isnt as straightforward (at least for me) if its not appearing on the tag menu on the left.
If I click to edit a "closed line" tag in iD, the option to tag or label it as a lake doesnt appear. The only options that appear are ones that are normally associated with lines, like roads, streams paths etc...
Well it sounds like Ill just have to gte used to switching back and forth from Id and potlatch. It would be nice to stick to a single editor, but im sure as time goes on the software will become more and more adept. So much work it must be to create programs foe people to create maps... amazing work so far i must say.
If you map the building as an area there is no need to also add a point (node).Just tag the building with all the attributes you would normally apply to a restaurant such as "amenity=restaurant" plus things like name, cuisine, opening hours, website, address, phone etc. I'd also amend the "building=yes" to "building=retail" in the case of buildings housing shops, cafes, restaurants etc. Mapping both a node and an area is unnecessary duplication.Graham
Just to clarify my previous answer. It is based on the restaurant being the only occupier of the building.If the building houses other businesses then each business would be mapped with its own point/node placed inside the building area. For instance if the building housed a restaurant and say a hairdresser then I'd tag the building as "building=retail" and add a node tagged with "amenity=restaurant" and another node tagged "shop=hairdresser". Each of these nodes would be tagged with the additional attributes applicable to the individual businesses.
Providing that they do both relate to the same item I'd say yes. Update info on the building tag to include any extra details which may be on the POI tag before doing any deleting. Add any other useful information which you may have from local knowledge or other legitimate sources too. In the changeset comments I usually just say 'Merged POI tags into building tags'.
@pmackay In general it is not needed to merge the building and the node of the POI. It might even give problems in case the building has a name that is different from the POI. You should only do this when the POI occupies the complete building, the address is the same for the whole building, etc.
Sometimes you may see POI points on buildings where things are yet to be updated and properly integrated or not enough layout detail is available yet to differentiate multiple site uses in another way.
When OSM began it had modest aims and simply getting a map of all the roads and paths with there name and ref (and some useful major locations like stations and important places added too)of a single country was seen as a good thing to aim for.
Today flight sim users and gazetteer makers and requesting more details form them to add into their models so where a an entire city was once marked by a single point the post boxes streetlamp telephones and ever increasingly detailed buildings and their internal layouts are being added. Also its moved from the single founder to millions of contributors to share the workload involved.
The variations also stem from what people have known or found out about a site and the amount of positional (layout infomation they have to hand when adding to OSM. There is a progresion from the quickest form of a point in about the right place though buildings and the areas owned by the business (like beer gardens, carparks and outdoor: showrooms, garden shelveing and other business yards)though to sub-divided buildings' individual retail units and flats (marked with indoor tagging) and eventually detailing out the details and room layout of the entire buildings stores (down to maybe the 3d or indoor tagged windows, doors, lamps & power features).
As it is not always easy to find everything about all of a shopping arcade by passing it, in a bus or even going inside the public areas then the less detailed options above allow useful information to be added about what you can find out. 152ee80cbc
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