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The History of Islam and the Prophet Muhammad

The Prophet Muhammad, who Muslims consider to be the last in a long line of prophets that also includes Moses and Jesus, is inextricably linked to the establishment of Islam. Muslims from all backgrounds want to emulate Muhammad since he was the divine revelation's designated recipient and messenger of the word of God. The hadith (proverbs of the Prophet) and Sunni (descriptions of the Prophet's style of life) are the essential Islamic books after the holy Quran. If you want to learn Quran online, our Online Quran teaching on Skype is available at our online Quran academy.

Early Years

Around 570 A.D., Muhammad was born into the Qureshi, the most powerful clan in Mecca. The Qureshi gained their influence from their status as prosperous traders. The Qureshi could control trade throughout the western coast of Arabia, north to Syria, and south to Yemen because several trade routes met at Mecca.

Two highly revered polytheistic cults with gods supposedly guarding their prosperous commerce resided in Mecca. After operating as a trader for several years, Khadija, an affluent widow, recruited Muhammad to safeguard the security of her caravans' journey to Syria.

Divine Prophecies

Muhammad started seeing visions and hearing voices around the age of forty. He occasionally practiced meditation on Mount Hira, near Mecca, looking for clarity. When the Archangel Gabriel in Arabic) visited him on one of these occasions, he gave him the command to repeat, "in the name of [you're] lord." This was the first of numerous revelations that served as the foundation for the Qur'an, Islam's holy book. These early revelations debunked the polytheistic beliefs of the Arabian Peninsula before Islam by pointing to the presence of a single God.

The magnitude of what was being revealed to Muhammad overwhelmed him, but he eventually found unwavering support in his wife and gradually gained followers. They feared trade would suffer because they thought the gods were guarding it. From that moment on, Muhammad faced rejection in Mecca. Muhammad shields from persecution for a while by his wife's power and his uncle Abu Talib, the clan's leader. But things for Muhammad in Mecca were quite nasty when they passed away.

The only option left for Muhammad and his followers to survive was emigration. They traveled to Medina, another oasis town, in 622 because they guaranteed the right to practice their religion openly. The hijra, or departure, from Mecca to Medina signifies the beginning of the Islamic, or Hijri, calendar and the year 1.

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Muhammad continued receiving heavenly revelations in Medina, where he established a new faith and a thriving society. Although the Qureshi continued to be at odds with them, Mecca finally capitulated after several bloody years of fighting. Soon after, Muhammad and his companions returned and seized control of the city, demolishing all of its pagan gods and establishing their monotheistic religion.

The Prophet's Ascent and the Night Journey

The Prophet was asleep when the Archangel Gabriel appeared and took him on a journey. From the Kaaba in Mecca to the "Farthest Mosque," which Muslims consider to be the Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem, Muhammad rode the holy steed Burma? He prayed with other prophets like Moses, Abraham, and Jesus there. He then rose to the heavens, where Gabriel guided him through Paradise and Hell until he saw God. After that, he returned to Earth to carry on the Islamic mission. Islam holds that Muhammad was the only individual to have witnessed both Heaven and Hell while still alive.

The emergence of the Shi'a and Sunni sects of Islam following the death of the Prophet

Muhammad had not designated a successor when he passed away in 632. One group, the Shi'a, held that only those descended directly from the Prophet could lead the Muslim community properly. They believed the next leader should be Ali, Muhammad's last living blood relative (caliph). 'Ali then succeeds them as the fourth caliph.

The Sunni and Shi'a branches of Islam continue to exist today. Shi'a considers Ali the first spiritual leader, while Sunnis respect all four caliphs. Differences in worship practices, as well as political and religious viewpoints, are the result of the division between these two camps.

Muhammad the Prophet's depictions

This item has numerous images of the Prophet Muhammad. Even while these images are uncommon, they are not unheard of because in the Islamic world, there have been and still are a variety of viewpoints on how to portray the Prophet and people in general. The communities that created the works discussed here are among those that permitted the representation of the Prophet; nonetheless, these sentiments varied significantly from place to region and throughout history.

These photographs, which Muslims commission for Muslims, are found in literary works, biographies of the Prophet and his family, world and local histories, and narratives of Muhammad's holy pilgrimage. They each have a specific function in each situation. Biographies and histories function as narrative illustrations, whereas in literary writings, they serve as visual analogs to written adulations of the Prophet.

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