LEE, Ok Joo (she/her)

Education: 

Ph.D.: Chinese Linguistics (Phonology/Phonetics). Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures, The Ohio State University. 2005.8. (Dissertation: The Prosody of Questions in Beijing Mandarin)

M.A.: Chinese Linguistics (Phonology/Phonetics). Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures, The Ohio State University. 2000. 8. 

Chinese Linguistics (Historical Phonology). Department of Chinese Language and  Literature, Ewha Womans University. 1997. 8.

B.A.: Chinese Language and Literature. Department of Chinese Language and Literature,  Ewha Womans University. 1995. 2. (Magna Cum Laude)

Academic Appointments (See Curriculum Vitae for a full list of academic appointments.):

Associate Professor. Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Seoul National University (2018. 3 – present)

Visiting Scholar. Lieberthal-Rogel Center for Chinese Studies, The University of Michigan (2025. 1 – 2025. 6)

Visiting Scholar. Department of Linguistics, Germanic, Slavic, Asian and African Languages, Michigan State University (2021. 5 – 2021. 10)

Associate Vice President of University Planning and Coordination. Ewha Womans University (2017. 3 – 2018.2)

Associate Professor. Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Ewha Womans University (2014. 3 – 2018.2)

Visiting Scholar. Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures, The Ohio State University (2014. 6 – 2015. 8)

Associate Dean of Ewha International Summer College. (2012. 2 – 2014. 1)

Assistant Professor. Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Ewha Womans University (2010. 3 – 2014. 2)

Chair. TeCSOL (Teaching Chinese for Speakers of Other Languages), The Graduate School of Teaching Foreign Languages, Ewha Womans University (2011.2 - 2012.1)

Tenure-track Full-time Lecturer. Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Ewha Womans University (2008. 3 – 2010. 2)

Visiting Assistant Professor. Department of Modern and Classical Languages and Literatures. The University of Kentucky (2005. 8 – 2006. 6)

Teaching: 

• 2026 Fall: Characteristics and Processing of Speech Data, Language and Human Beings (Undergraduate), Chinese Phonology (Graduate)

• 2026 Spring: Introduction to Chinese Linguistics, Chinese Phonetics (Undergraduate), Acoustic and Perceptual Phonetics of Chinese (Graduate)

• 2025 Fall: Characteristics and Processing of Speech Data (Undergraduate), Chinese Phonology and Language Universals (Graduate)

• 2025 Spring: sabbatical leave

• 2024 Fall: Characteristics and Processing of Speech Data, Language and Human Beings (Undergraduate), Prosody of Chinese (Graduate) 

• 2024 Spring: Introduction to Chinese Linguistics, Chinese Phonetics,  Characteristics and Processing of Speech Data, Language and Human Beings (Undergraduate), Phonemic Analysis of Chinese (Graduate) 

• 2023 Fall: Seminar on Chinese Linguistics,  Small Group Reading Classics Reading: Shuowen Jiezi, Characteristics and Processing of Speech Data, Language and Human Beings (Undergraduate), Acoustic Phonetics (Graduate) 

Research areas: Chinese Phonetics, Prosody, Language Acquisition, Linguistic Typology, Sound Changes 

Publications: Journal Articles, Books, and Book Chapters (Single-authored and co-authored works are not distinguished. See Curriculum Vitae for a full list of publications.)

Prosody:  

• [2026.9] The Roles of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Pitch Cues in Native and Non-native Identification of the Mandarin Tones. Journal of Chinese Linguistics  vol.54(3): 581-622.

• [2026.5] Pitch relationship and phonation cues in Mandarin tone perception. Proceedings of Phonetics 2025 Hong Kong.  pp.56-59. Septemper 17-19. 2025. The International LInguistic Society.

• [2026.3] Prosodic Fluency Measures in Korean Learners’ Mandarin. Linguistic Research vol.43(1): 295-328.

• [2025. 7] 자오의 "중국어 성조와 억양(Tone and Intonation in Chinese)" 재고찰 (Chao's "Tone and Intonation" Revisited). 중국어문논역총간 (Journal of Chinese Language, Literature and Translation) vol.57: 315-351.

• [2025. 2] AI Hub 교육용 한국인의 중국어 음성 데이터의 평가와 활용 (A Critical Evaluation of AI Hub Korean Learners' Mandarin Speech Corpus: Structures and Applications). 중국문학 (Journal of Chinese Literature) vol.122: 309-333.

• [2024. 5] Chao의 5도제, 성조, 그리고 아시아 성조 언어 (Chao's Five-Number Scale, Tones, and Tones of Asian Languages). 지식 권력의 변천과 동아시아 언어 체계 (The Transition of Knowledge Power and East Asian Humanities). 단국대학교 일본 연구소 HK+사업단 (eds. by HK-Plus Center in the Institute of Japanese Studies, Dankook University). 서울: 보고사 (Seoul: Bogosa). pp.107-142.

• [2024. 3] 발성과 음높이: 표준중국어 성조 지각 단서 (Phonation and Pitch: Perceptual Cues in Mandarin Tones). 중어중문학 (Korea Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.95: 337-372.

• [2022. 12] Native and Non-native Perception of Mandarin Level Tones. Linguistic Research vol.39(3): 567-601.

• [2022. 7] Tones of Asian Languages: A Comparative Overview of Tonology. The Routledge Handbook of Asian Linguistics (eds. by Chris Shei and Saihong Li). London: Routledge. pp.261-278.

• [2021. 7] 성조발생론: 동아시아 지역 관련성 지표 (Pullyblank(1986)’s ‘Tonogenesis as an Index of Areal Relationships in East Asia’). 중국어문논역총간 (Journal of Chinese Language, Literature and Translation) vol.49: 267-304.

• [2021. 2] 중국어 음성합성: 진단과 과제 (Chinese Speech Synthesis: A Preliminary Evaluation and Remaining Issues). 중국문학 (Journal of Chinese Literature) vol.106: 59-82.

• [2020. 9] 중국어 방언 성조 분포 연구 (Tonal Distribution in Chinese Dialects). 중어중문학 (Korea Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.81: 235-272.

• [2019. 2] Global Pitch Characteristics of Tonal and Non-Tonal Language Speakers: Evidence from Mandarin-Korean Bilinguals. 중국문학 (Journal of Chinese Literature) vol.98: 267-300.

Chinese Phonetics/Phonology and Pedagogy:  

• [Forthcoming] ‘Manchu’ language in Korea’s Spoken Chinese Textbooks from the Japanese Colonization Era. Korea as Other (eds. by Steve Choe and Sanghwan Seong). London: Routledge.

• [2025. 1] 중국어 방언학의 기초 (Foundation of Chinese Dialectology). (Translation [李小凡, 項夢冰 ≪漢語方言學基礎教程≫(2nd ed.) 北京: 北京大学出版社. 2020]) 서울: 학고방  (Seoul: Hakgobang).

• [2024. 4] 중국어 음성학의 이해 (Understanding Chinese Phonetics). 서울: 역락 (Seoul: Yeokrak).

• [2024. 3] 음절 구조: 변이의 제한 (Syllable Structure: The Limits of Variation). (Translation [Syllable Structure: The Limits of Variation by Duanmu, San. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2009]) 서울: 역락(Seoul: Yeokrak).

• [2023. 8] 중국어 말소리 E-book (The Sounds of Chinese). (Translation [The Sounds of Chinese by Lin, Yen-hwei. New York: Cambridge University Press. 2007]) 서울: 역락(Seoul: Yeokrak).

•  [2023. 2] 중국어교육론 (제2판) (Chinese Language Pedagogy Second Edition). 서울: 한국문화사 (Seoul: Hanguk munhwasa).

• [2019. 6] 대조분석과 중국어교육 (Contrastive Analysis and Its Application in Language Pedagogy). (Translation 陈俊光 ≪对比分析与教学应用≫, 台北：文鶴, 2008). 서울: 차이나하우스(Seoul: China House).

Linguistic Typology and Historical Phonology:  

• [2026.3] 중국어 성조 습득에 대한 유형론적 고찰  (Mandarin Tone Acquisition: A Typological Approach). 중어중문학 (Korea Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.103: 255-289.

• [2023. 1] 비음-성문음 친연성: 비음성과 성문음성의 신비한 관련성 (Matisoff (1975)’s ‘Rhinoglottophilia: The Mysterious Connection between Nasality and Glottality’). 중국어문논역총간 (Journal of Chinese Language, Literature and Translation) vol.52: 389-425.

• [2022. 11] 음운보편성의 관점에서 본 절운 모음음계 (Reconstruction of the Qieyun Vowels and Phonological Universals). 중국어문논총 (Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.111: 29-66.

• [2021. 6] Distribution of the Mandarin Vowels in Typological Perspective. Linguistic Research vol.38(1): 329-363.

• [2020. 2] 최신 언어이론과 중국어 연구. (Translation 刘丹青 主编 ≪语言学前沿与汉语研究≫, 上海：上海教育出版社, 2005). 서울: 한국문화사(Seoul: Hanguk munhwasa).

• [2020. 2] 중국 시에 반영된 말소리 도상성 고찰: 당대 도망시와 변새시를 중심으로 (Sound Iconicity in Two Genres of the Tang Poems – Daowangshi and Biansaishi). 중국언어연구 (The Journal of Chinese Linguistics) vol.86: 1-28.

• [2018. 12] 표준중국어 성조 분포의 유형적 특성 (Tonal Distribution in Mandarin Chinese). 중어중문학 (Korea Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.74: 145-168.

• [2018. 6] 중국어 연구자를 위한 언어유형론. (Translation 陆丙甫，金立鑫 ≪语言类型学教程≫, 北京大学出版社, 2015), 서울: 한국문화사 (Seoul: Hanguk munhwasa).

• [2017. 6] 표준중국어 음절유형의 유형론적 고찰 (A Typological Approach to Mandarin Syllable). 중어중문학 (Korea Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.68: 119-143.

Available at  https://bit.ly/chinesephonetics 

OK JOO LEE

Department of Chinese Language and Literature                                        Tel. 82.2.885.9972
Seoul National University                                                                               Fax. 82.2.880.6068
1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu                                                                 Email: ojlee@snu.ac.kr
08826 Seoul, Republic of Korea     

EDUCATION

Ph.D.: Chinese Linguistics (Phonology/Phonetics). Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures, The Ohio State University. 2005.8. (Dissertation: The Prosody of Questions in Beijing Mandarin)

M.A.: Chinese Linguistics (Phonology/Phonetics). Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures, The Ohio State University. 2000. 8.

     Chinese Linguistics (Historical Phonology). Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Ewha Womans University. 1997. 8.

B.A.: Chinese Language and Literature. Department of Chinese Language and Literature,  Ewha Womans University. 1995. 2. (Magna Cum Laude)

RESEARCH

Chinese Phonetics, Chinese Phonology, Language Typology, Historical Phonology, Second Language Acquisition, Syntax-Phonology Interface

COURSES TAUGHT

Undergraduate: Introduction to Chinese Linguistics, Chinese Phonetics, Chinese Language Pedagogy, Seminar on Chinese Linguistics 

Graduate: Acoustic Phonetics of Chinese, Chinese Phonology, Language Typology, Second Language Acquisition

ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS

Associate Professor. Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Seoul National University (2018. 3 – present)

Chair. LEI Foreign Language Center, Seoul National University (2026.7 - present)

Visiting Scholar. Lieberthal-Rogel Center for Chinese Studies, The University of Michigan (2025. 1 – 2025. 6)

Visiting Scholar. Department of Linguistics, Germanic, Slavic, Asian and African Languages, Michigan State University (2021. 5 – 2021. 10)

Associate Vice President of University Planning and Coordination. Ewha Womans University (2017. 3 – 2018.2)

Associate Professor. Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Ewha Womans University (2014. 3 – 2018.2)

Visiting Scholar. Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures, The Ohio State University (2014. 6 – 2015. 8)

Associate Dean of Ewha International Summer College. (2012. 2 – 2014. 1)

Assistant Professor. Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Ewha Womans University (2010. 3 – 2014. 2)

Chair. TeCSOL (Teaching Chinese for Speakers of Other Languages), The Graduate School of Teaching Foreign Languages, Ewha Womans University (2011.2 - 2012.1)

Tenure-track Full-time Lecturer. Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Ewha Womans University (2008. 3 – 2010. 2)

Lecturer. Ewha Womans University, Yonsei University, Inha University (2006. 9 – 2008. 2)

Visiting Assistant Professor. Department of Modern and Classical Languages and Literatures. The University of Kentucky (2005. 8 – 2006. 6)

Master Teacher & Trainer in SPEAC(Summer Programs East Asian Concentration). The Ohio State University (Summers of 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005)

Coordinator of Chinese Individualized Instruction Program. The Ohio State University (2001.1 – 2002.12)

Lecturer. Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures. The Ohio State University.

Teaching Associate. The Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures. The Ohio State University (1999.9 – 2003. 12)

Research Associate in the CD-Rom Project for Teaching Chinese (1998.9 – 1999.8)

PUBLICATIONS (Single-authored and co-authored works are not distinguished.)

• [In progress] Pitch and Phonation in Tonal and Non-tonal Listeners’ Mandarin Tone Identification

• [Forthcoming] ‘Manchu’ language in Korea’s Spoken Chinese Textbooks from the Japanese Colonization Era. Korea as Other (eds. by Steve Choe and Sanghwan Seong). London: Routledge.

• [2026.9] The Roles of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Pitch Cues in Native and Non-native Identification of the Mandarin Tones. Journal of Chinese Linguistics vol.54(3): 581-622.

• [2026.9] How does Phonation Interplay with Pitch in Mandarin Tone Perception? Proceedings of the 36th North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics pp. 173-193.

• [2026.5] Pitch relationship and phonation cues in Mandarin tone perception. Proceedings of Phonetics 2025 Hong Kong.  pp.56-59. Septemper 17-19. 2025. The International LInguistic Society.

• [2026.3] Prosodic Fluency Measures in Korean Learners’ Mandarin. Linguistic Research vol.43(1): 295-328.

• [2026.3] 중국어 성조 습득에 대한 유형론적 고찰  (Mandarin Tone Acquisition: A Typological Approach). 중어중문학 (Korea Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.103: 255-289.

• [2025. 7] 자오의 "중국어 성조와 억양(Tone and Intonation in Chinese)" 재고찰 (Chao's "Tone and Intonation" Revisited). 중국어문논역총간 (Journal of Chinese Language, Literature and Translation) vol.57: 315-351.

• [2025. 2] AI Hub 교육용 한국인의 중국어 음성 데이터의 평가와 활용 (A Critical Evaluation of AI Hub Korean Learners' Mandarin Speech Corpus: Structures and Applications). 중국문학 (Journal of Chinese Literature) vol.122: 309-333.

• [2025. 1] 중국어 방언학의 기초 (Foundation of Chinese Dialectology). (Translation [李小凡, 項夢冰 ≪漢語方言學基礎教程≫(2nd ed.) 北京: 北京大学出版社. 2020]) 서울: 학고방  (Seoul: Hakgobang).

• [2024. 5] Chao의 5도제, 성조, 그리고 아시아 성조 언어 (Chao's Five-Number Scale, Tones, and Tones of Asian Languages). 지식 권력의 변천과 동아시아 언어 체계 (The Transition of Knowledge Power and East Asian Humanities). 단국대학교 일본 연구소 HK+사업단 (eds. by HK-Plus Center in the Institute of Japanese Studies, Dankook University). 서울: 보고사 (Seoul: Bogosa). pp.107-142.

• [2024. 4] 중국어 음성학의 이해 (Understanding Chinese Phonetics). 서울: 역락 (Seoul: Yeokrak).

• [2024. 3] 발성과 음높이: 표준중국어 성조 지각 단서  (Phonation and Pitch: Perceptual Cues in Mandarin Tones). 중어중문학 (Korea Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.95: 337-372.

• [2024. 3] 음절구조: 변이의 제한 (Syllable Structure: The Limits of Variation). (Translation [Syllable Structure: The Limits of Variation by Duanmu, San. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2009]) 서울: 역락 (Seoul: Yeokrak).

• [2023. 8] 중국어 말소리 E-book (The Sounds of Chinese). (Translation [The Sounds of Chinese by Lin, Yen-hwei. New York: Cambridge University Press. 2007]) 서울: 역락(Seoul: Yeokrak).

• [2023. 2] 중국어교육론 2판 (Chinese Language Pedagogy Second Edition). 서울: 한국문화사 (Seoul: Hanguk munhwasa).

• [2023. 1] 비음-성문음 친연성: 비음성과 성문음성의 신비한 관련성 (Matisoff (1975)’s ‘Rhinoglottophilia: The Mysterious Connection between Nasality and Glottality’). 중국어문논역총간 (Journal of Chinese Language, Literature and Translation) vol.52: 389-425.

• [2022. 12] Native and Non-native Perception of Mandarin Level Tones. Linguistic Research vol.39(3): 567-601.

• [2022. 11] 음운보편성의 관점에서 본 절운 모음음계 (Reconstruction of the Qieyun Vowels and Phonological Universals). 중국어문논총 (Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.111: 29-66.

• [2022. 7] Tones of Asian Languages: A Comparative Overview of Tonology. The Routledge Handbook of Asian Linguistics (eds. by Chris Shei and Saihong Li). London: Routledge. pp.261-278.

• [2021. 7] 성조발생론: 동아시아 지역 관련성 지표 (Pullyblank(1986)’s ‘Tonogenesis as an Index of Areal Relationships in East Asia’). 중국어문논역총간 (Journal of Chinese Language, Literature and Translation) vol.49: 267-304.

• [2021. 6] Distribution of the Mandarin Vowels in Typological Perspective. Linguistic Research vol.38(1): 329-363.

• [2021. 2] 중국어 음성합성: 진단과 과제 (Chinese Speech Synthesis: A Preliminary Evaluation and Remaining Issues). 중국문학 (Journal of Chinese Literature) vol.106: 59-82.

• [2020. 9] 중국어 방언 성조 분포 연구 (Tonal Distribution in Chinese Dialects). 중어중문학 (Korea Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.81: 235-272.

• [2020. 2] 최신 언어이론과 중국어 연구. (Translation 刘丹青 主编 ≪语言学前沿与汉语研究≫, 上海：上海教育出版社, 2005). 서울: 한국문화사(Seoul: Hanguk munhwasa).

• [2020. 2] 중국 시에 반영된 말소리 도상성 고찰: 당대 도망시와 변새시를 중심으로 (Sound Iconicity in Two Genres of the Tang Poems – Daowangshi and Biansaishi). 중국언어연구 (The Journal of Chinese Linguistics) vol.86: 1-28.

• [2019. 6] 대조분석과 중국어교육 (Contrastive Analysis and Its Application in Language Pedagogy). (Translation 陈俊光 ≪对比分析与教学应用≫, 台北：文鶴, 2008). 서울: 차이나하우스 (Seoul: China House).

• [2019. 2] Global Pitch Characteristics of Tonal and Non-Tonal Language Speakers: Evidence from Mandarin-Korean Bilinguals. 중국문학 (Journal of Chinese Literature) vol.98: 267-300.

• [2018. 12] 표준중국어 성조 분포의 유형적 특성 (Tonal Distribution in Mandarin Chinese). 중어중문학 (Korea Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.74: 145-168.

• [2018. 6] 중국어 연구자를 위한 언어유형론. (Translation 陆丙甫，金立鑫 ≪语言类型学教程≫, 北京大学出版社, 2015), 서울: 한국문화사 (Seoul: Hanguk munhwasa).

• [2017. 11] 음운과 문자 연구 성과물 집적 동향 (Research Trends in Chinese Phonology and Orthography). 중국문학 (Journal of Chinese Literature) vol.93: 39-71.

• [2017. 6] 표준중국어 음절유형의 유형론적 고찰 (A Typological Approach to Mandarin Syllable). 중어중문학 (Korea Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.68: 119-143.

• [2016. 12] 소주(蘇州)방언 성조의 음운체계 고찰 (An Analysis of Suzhou Tone Phonology). 중어중문학 (Korea Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.66: 159-182.

• [2015. 12] 표준중국어 음보 강세유형 고찰 (Foot and Prosodic Word Stress Patterns in Mandarin Chinese). 중국어문학논집 (The Society for the Research of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.95: 55-79.

• [2015. 4] 표준중국어 경계 성조(Boundary Tone)의 연구방법론 고찰 (Critical Review of Studies on Boundary Tone in Mandarin). 중어중문학 (Korea Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.60: 273-302.

• [2014. 7] THE중국어II (The Chinese II). 서울: 동양북스(Seoul: Dongyangbooks).

• [2014. 6] 표준 중국어 발화 속도와 음높이 연구 (Speaking Rate and Global Pitch Trend in Mandarin Chinese). 중국어문학논집 (The Society for the Research of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.86: 115-135.

• [2014. 2] 중국어 운율과 형태·통사 (Interactions Between Morphology, Syntax and Prosody in Chinese). (Translation Interactions between Morphology, Syntax and Prosody in Chinese by Feng, Shengli. Beijing: Beijing University Press. 2009]) 서울: 역락(Seoul: Yeokrak).

• [2014. 2] 고등학교 중국어 I (교과서, 교사용 지도서) (Chinese textbook for high school). 서울: 교학사(Seoul: Kyohaksa).

• [2013. 12] THE중국어I (The Chinese I). 서울: 동양북스(Seoul: Dongyangbooks).

• [2013. 8] Chinese Phonology in Korea: The-State-of-The-Art and Future Perspectives. 중어중문학 (Korea Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.55 English edition vol.3: 197-222.

• [2013. 6] Pitch Cues in L2 Speech. 응용언어학 (Korean Journal of Applied Linguistics) vol.29.2: 293-330.

• [2013. 4] 표준중국어 2성변조의 음운론적 재고찰 (Tone 2 Sandhi Revisited). 중어중문학 (Korea Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.54: 359-386.

• [2013. 2] 한국인 교수자의 중국어 발음에 대한 소고 (An Experimental Study on Chinese Teachers’ Pronunciation). 중국어문학논집 (The Society for the Research of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.78: 183-204.

• [2012. 12] L2 Prosody: An Acoustic Analysis of L1 Mandarin Speakers of Korean Tonal Patterns. 중국어문학논집 (The Society for the Research of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.77: 33-61.

• [2012. 8] 중학교 생활중국어 (교과서, 교사용 지도서) (Chinese textbook for middle school). 서울: 교학사(Seoul: Kyohaksa).

• [2012. 8] Global Pitch Cues in L1 and L2 Productions of Mandarin Chinese. 중국어문학논집 (The Society for the Research of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.75: 93-114.

• [2012. 2] Temporal Cues and Discourse Structure in Mandarin Read Speech. 중국어문학논집 (The Society for the Research of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.72: 45 - 70.

• [2011. 8] Role of Phonological Contexts in the Acquisition of Second Language Intonation: Evidences from Korean Speakers’ Mandarin Chinese. 중어중문학 (Korea Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.55 English edition vol.1: 145-170.

• [2011. 4] The New Edition of the Manchu‐Han Struggle (Translation) in The Columbia Anthology of Chinese Folk and Popular Literature. Eds. by Victor Mair and Mark Bender, New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 353-379.

• [2011.3] 중국어교육론 (Chinese Pedagogy). 서울: 한국문화사(Seoul: Hanguk munhwasa).

• [2010. 8] 중국어 말소리 (The Sounds of Chinese). (Translation [The Sounds of Chinese by Lin, Yen-hwei. New York: Cambridge University Press. 2007]) 서울: 역락(Seoul: Yeokrak).

• [2010. 4] 교육대학원 중국어교육전공의 평가와 진단: 교과과정과 학업성취도에 대한 재학생 인식의 계량적 연구를 통하여 (Discussion of Chinese Language Education Programs in the Graduate School of Education: A Survey Research of Learns’ Assessment of Program Curriculum and Academic Achievement). 중국어문학지 (The Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.32: 423 – 452.

• [2009. 2] 기본중국어Workbook (Beginning-Level Chinese Workbook). 서울: E. Press(Seoul: E. Press).

• [2009. 12] 담화적 맥락에서 말하기: PSOLA 알고리듬을 통한 말하기 연습 프로그램 모형의 제시 (Speaking Chinese in Context: A Proposal of Two PSOLA-Algorithm Based Models for Developing a Speaking-Practice Software). 중국어문학지 (The Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.31: 285 - 308.

• [2009. 10] 교육수요자의 관점에서 본 교육대학원 중국어교육전공 교과과정 연구 (Some Notes on Chinese Language Education Programs in the Graduate School of Education: From Learners’ Perspective). 중국어문학논집 (The Society for the Research of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.58: 327 - 350.

• [2009. 8] 표준중국어 운율단위(prosodic unit)와 경계억양(boundary tone)에 대한 고찰: Ma 의문문을 중심으로 (An Experimental Study on Prosodic Unit and Boundary Tone in Ma-Particle Questions in Mandarin Chinese). 중국어문학지 (The Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.30: 271 - 297.

• [2008. 12] 한국어 화자의 중국어 억양 발화 연구와 방법론적 고찰: 의문 억양을 중심으로 (What Do We Learn From Korean Speakers' Question Intonation Patterns of Mandarin?: Its Implications For Prosodic Aspects of Iinterlanguage). 중국어문학지 (The Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.28: 403 - 437.

• [2008. 10] 의사소통 중심의 교수법의 학습효과에 대한 실험적 연구 ― 초급중국어 교실수업을 중심으로 (Pedagogical Efficacy of Communicative Language Teaching in Chinese Classroom Teaching: An Experimental Approach). 중국어문학논집 (The Society for the Research of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.52: 217 – 242.

• [2008. 8] 중국어교수자의 멀티미디어 교수매체에 대한 인식과 활용 연구 (Teachers' Perceptions and Practices of Multimedia-Assisted Chinese Teaching). 중국어문학지 (The Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) (vol.27: 247 - 297).

• [2007. 12] 멀티미디어와 중국어교육: 교실 수업에서 활용되는 멀티미디어의 학습 효과에 대한 학습자의 인식 연구 (Learners’ Perceptions of Pedagogical Efficacy of Multimedia Technology in Chinese Classroom Teaching). 중국어문학지 (The Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.25: 581-624.

• [2007. 11] 미국의 중국언어학 연구 동향 (Chinese Linguistics in U.S). 중국문학 (The Journal of Chinese Literature) vol.53: 35-354.

• [2007. 6] 한국인 중국어 학습자의 음향적 초점 발화에 관한 소고 (Acoustic Realization of Focus in Korean Speakers' Mandarin Chinese). 중국언어연구 (The Journal of Chinese Linguistics) vol.24: 209-234.

• [2007. 5] Gender and Pitch Behavior in Conversational Speech in Mandarin. The Proceedings of the Eighteenth North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics, vol.18: 267-283.

• [2007. 4] 표준중국어 초점실현에 관한 연구: 음향적 초점표지와 초점표지 是를 중심으로 (Some Thoughts on Focus Realization in Mandarin - Acoustic Focus Marker F0 and Syntactic Focus Marker 是). 중국어문학지(The Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.23: 253-276.

• [2007. 4] 중국어 교육에 있어서의 CALL (CALL(Computer-Assisted Language Learning) for Chinese: A Discussion from Instructor's Perspective). 중국어문학논집 (The Society for the Research of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.43:101-119.

• [2006. 5] Use of F0 Cue for Sentential Stress and Question in Beijing Mandarin.  The Proceedings of the Seventeenth North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics vol.17.

• [2006. 4] Understanding Intonational Phonology of Mandarin Chinese: Issues and Implications. 중국어문학지 (The Journal of Chinese Language and Literature) vol.20: 163-197.

• [2005] Towards a Pan‐Mandarin System for Prosodic Transcription (with Shu-hui Peng, Chiu-yu Tseng, Marjorie Chan, Tsan Huang, and Mary E. Beckman) in Prosodic Typology: The Phonology of Intonation and Phrasing. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp.230-270.

• [2005. 6] How Do We Ask Questions in Mandarin? : An Acoustic Study of Yes‐No Question Intonation    in the Beijing Variety of Mandarin. The Proceedings of the Sixteenth North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics vol.16.   

CORPUS

• AI Hub: https://www.aihub.or.kr

• SpeechBox https://speechbox.linguistics.northwestern.edu/ 

• Phonemica: https://phonemica.net/ 

• WALS: https://wals.info/ 

• Phoible: https://phoible.org/ 

• CLRPP(China’s Language Resources Protection Project)  中国语言资源保护工程采录展示平台 

• NCCU Corpus of Spoken Taiwanese Mandarin: https://spokentaiwanmandarin.nccu.edu.tw/ 

• Chinese Text Project: https://ctext.org/

TOOLS

• Montreal Forced Aligner: https://montreal-forced-aligner.readthedocs.io/en/latest/#

• VoiceSauce: https://phonetics.ucla.edu/voicesauce/ 

• ContourClustering: https://constantijnkaland.github.io/contourclustering/ 

• Tone generator: https://tonegen.net/

• Vowel Map-of-lator: https://linguisticking.com/VowelMapolator.html 

FAMILY and FAITH

Bible: holybible.or.kr

church: https://100church.org/home/board.php?board=page&command=skin_insert&exe=home 

MISC.

• "We are hard pressed on every side, but not crushed; perplexed, but not in despair; persecuted, but not abandoned; struck down, but not destroyed." (<Second Epistle to the Corinthians> 4:8-9)

• "Fathers, do not exasperate your children; instead, bring them up in the training and instruction of the Lord." (<Ephesians> 6:5)

• "하나님 아버지께, 우리 자식들의 눈물을 닦아주시고, 눈물겨웠던 우리 부모의 인생을 영원히 품어주시기를 간구합니다." (기도)

• Amor Dei (The Love of God) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qsn2BwDTcHs&list=RDqsn2BwDTcHs&start_radio=1 

• "서른, 기쁘게 한껏 부풀어 오르고 보니, 곁에 선 부모가 바싹 쪼그라든 채 따라 웃고 있다." (<잊기 좋은 이름> 김애란. pp.124-125)

• "상처 받았다고 남한테 막 상처 줄 수 있는 그런 특권 있는 거 아니야. 나 아프다고 면죄부 받는 것 아니라고." "'부족한' 완주라 하더라도 아쉽지 않고 기쁘다." (<첫 여름, 완주> 김금희. p.86, p.216)

• "겸손하면 모든 것에 대해 내 견해가 있어야 한다는 압박감도 없고, 항상 내 견해를 옹호할 준비를 해야 할 필요도 없어 마음이 편하다." (<팩드풀니스 Factfulness> 한스 로슬링 Hans Rosling. p.367)

• Dmitri Shostakovich Waltz No. 2 www.youtube.com/watch?v=mmCnQDUSO4I 

• "그 나날을, 수십 년을, 평생을 단 한번도 세상에 맞설 용기를 내보지 않고도 스스로를 기독교인이라고 부르고 거울 앞에서 자기 모습을 마주할 수 있나" (<이처럼 사소한 것들 Samll things like these> 클레어 키건 Claire Keegan. p.119 )

• "우리는 자신을 자연, 신, 또는 운이 만든 존재로 여기면 자신의 모습에 대한 책임이 전적으로 자기 자신에게만 있는 것이 아니라고 생각할 수 있는 축복을 누리 수 있다." (<완벽에 대한 반론 The case against perfection> 마이클 센델 Michael J. Sandel. pp.113-114)

• "모든 것은 다른 무언가로 변한다. 예전과 비슷하지만 다른 무언가가 된다." "아저씨가 손을 잡자 나는 아빠가 한 번도 내 손을 잡아주지 않았음을 깨닫고, 이런 기분이 들지 않도록 아저씨가 손을 놔줬으면 하는 마음도 든다." (<맡겨진 소녀 Foster> 클레어 키건 Claire Keegan. p.33, p.70)

• "하나님이 하실 것이다... 그 방법을 내가 모를 뿐이다." "자녀의 삶을 향한 하나임의 계획이 자신의 계획보다 더 지혜롭다는 것을 상상조차 하지 못했다." (<내가 만든 신 Counterfeif Gods> 팀 켈러 Tim Keller. p.46, p.51)

• "나는 좋은 부분을 오려내 남기지 못하고 어떤 시절을 통째로 버리고 싶어하는 마음들을 이해한다. 소중한 시절을 불행에게 다 내주고 그 시절을 연상시키는 그리움과 죽도록 싸워야 하는 사람들을." "우리 곁에 균열이 나지 않은 어른은 없다. 그러니 불안하지 않은 아이도 없다." (<대온실 수리 보고서> 김금희. p.156, p.179) 

• "악의 아름다움은 바로 악이 아무런 노력도 요구하지 않는 것이기에. 그 누구도 결코 나쁜 짓을 저지르지 않는다. 그저 악이 지나가는 것을 바라보기만 하면 된다." (<그녀를 지키다 Veiller Sur Elle> 장 바티스트 앙드레아 Jean-Baptiste Andrea. p.528)

• "한때 업신여겼던 그 물렁함이 쓸 데가 있을 줄이야." (<구의 집> 성해나. p.165) 

• "이제 나이를 먹은 그는 압도적일 정도로 단순해서 대처할 수단이 전혀 없는 문제가 점점 강렬해지는 순간에 도달했다."  "기쁨 같은 것이 몰려왔다... 자신이 실패에 대해 생각했던 것을 어렴풋이 떠올렸다. 그런 것이 무슨 문제가 된다고." (<스토너 Stoner> 존 윌리엄스 Jone Williams. p.251, p.390)