Satellite and ground base stations (GBSs), also known as ‘terrestrial stations’, are currently the main wireless communication source that provide services to users in the ground in remote and metropolitan areas. While traditional satellite stations can deliver broadband services to ground users in remote areas, their spectral efficiency is constrained because of the high path-loss attenuation of the channel between ground users and satellite station. Depending on satellite stations only can also cause extra delay for real time services because of their location at different orbital heights. In contrast, GBSs cannot support ground users in remote areas due to their limited coverage areas and power unavailability. For this reason, integrating the terrestrial network with satellite stations can be a promising solution to increase network coverage and capacity. Providing “connectivity from the sky” is a new and innovative trend in wireless communications. High-altitude platforms (HAPs) and low-altitude platforms (LAPs), such as drones, aircrafts and airships, are being considered as the candidates for deploying wireless communications complementing the satellite and terrestrial communication infrastructure. This integration uses satellite, HAPs, and LAPs in the exosphere, stratosphere, and troposphere, respectively, for better altitude reuse coupled with emerging optical or other high-frequency directional transceivers. Hence, it offers a significant increase in scarce spectrum aggregate efficiency. However, managing resource allocation with deployment optimization still faces difficulties. This project tackles i) the resource management and platforms’ placement challenges to provide wireless services to ground users in remote areas and connecting them with metropolitan and rural areas and ii) the employment of free-space-optical (FSO) communication modules on HAPs to enhance the back-hauling links.