The goal of mixing is to bring out the best in your multi-track recording by adjusting levels, panning, and audio effects for each individual track. The aim is to sculpt your arrangement to make sense of all your sounds in relation to each other.
Mixing happens at the start of post-production, when a mixing engineer sculpts and balances the separate tracks in a session to sound cohesive when played together, often with the guidance of a client and/or a reference track. Mix engineers reduce imbalances between instruments by adjusting balance and color, tighten rhythmic patterns, and emphasize important song elements with tools like EQ, compression, panning, and reverb.
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Having a decent grasp on basic mixing concepts will allow you to create better sounding tracks, make good decisions for your instrument selections and arrangements, and communicate clearly about your vision with collaborators. Plus, mixing your own music comes at a fraction of the cost of hiring a mixing engineer, so learning how to mix can really be a huge investment into your art. Just be careful to avoid beginner mixing mistakes.
Listen to this audio example mixed and mastered with plug-ins from Music Production Suite Music Production Suite 5.2 Music Production Suite 5.2 includes the new Ozone 10 Advanced, RX 10 Standard, Neutron 4 mixing suite, Native Instruments GUITAR RIG 6 PRO, surround reverbs with Stratus 3D plus Symphony 3D by Exponential Audio, and the Brainworx Creative Mixing Set. Includes the new Audiolens referencing app. Shop Now Try Now . What do you notice?
Consider the elements that your ear is hearing moving from the unmixed version to the mixed version of the song. Are some instruments better defined? Do the levels sound better? Does the voice sound more sculpted? These are all things to consider when mixing a song and prepping it for the mastering stage.
Time-based effects can help form the sensations of depth and space. Time-based effects such as reverb and delay can make an instrument seem further away, or sometimes bigger than a dry instrument. Another factor to consider when mixing is adding creative effects with effect plug-ins to add distortion, create unique textures, or get a vocal to really shine.
The overwhelming majority of songs released by major labels and for mass consumption are mixed where the audio engineer has full control of the individual tracks. I know this because these songs have very well defined kicks, snares, bass and melody tracks which is very difficult to get if the artist just recorded over the one track beat.
However, like all things in life there are exceptions to this rule and in particularly hip hop there are actually many hit songs that are just a two track mix (that is where the beat stems were not mixed individually). This brings us to the artist perspective.
The following information on mixing music is excerpted from the Berklee Online course Art of Mixing, authored by Richard Mendelson and Alejandro Rodriguez.
If we need to define sound mixing with a single word, that word would be balance. Mixing involves combining all the sounds received from the multitrack recording and balancing them in levels, making some louder than others. At the same time, a mixing engineer will balance them in terms of panning, placing them in the stereo field: left, center, right, or anywhere in between. They will also balance frequencies, brightening some sounds, darkening others, taking some frequencies away, and using depth as another balance tool, to give the listener a sense of closeness or distance of a sound in a space.
The music industry has evolved immensely since it began more than a century ago. The origins of music recording involved a single step: musicians surrounding a horn, playing and singing as loud as they could, and mixing themselves by way of distance to the horn. Technology evolved from recording to a cylinder to recording to a disk, then to tape, from mono to stereo, then multitrack.
Similar to the above, but this time, instead of adding tracks (instruments) as the song progresses by muting at the beginning and gradually unmuting as the song continues, you can temporarily mute a big group of tracks after they have been playing for a while in order to create a breakdown, which will obviously give more importance to the following buildup. It will highlight the remaining sounds when the rest are muted.
A bottom-up mix starts with the foundation of the mix, the basic tracks, i.e., the rhythm section and/or low end instruments, and then moves to the higher frequency instruments and ending finally with the lead instrument or melody instrument. Probably more mixing engineers work this way than the other. The danger of this method is not leaving enough space for the leading tracks; be sure to avoid that.
Mixing from the top down means that you start with the lead or melody instrument and work your way down to the foundation. A typical example would be this: you start with the lead vocal track, place it in its full expression, add all additional vocal tracks, and then start adding the instrumentation. This is typical of singer/songwriter mixes, or vocal-oriented mixes. It could feel strange working that way at the beginning, but you can get used to the concept.
That said, if you are a pro star mixing engineer and think I left something out, then leave a comment below. I want this to be the best resource on audio mixing for beginners so any input to make this page better, is welcomed.***
Just imagine that every time you walked into your kitchen the plates were in a different cupboard. It would be a pure guessing game and your brain would stop focusing on eating (or mixing in our case) and start focusing on where to find the plates (or tracks in our case)
You should come up with a variation and placement in the mixer that works well for you. The more you put things in a familiar place than the more instinctive it will be for you and mixing in the future.
But there are times when a client will specifically state that they have no plans on going to a mastering engineer but they want their track to sound competitive. At this point I have no choice but do both the mixing and mastering.
I've been mixing DnB for about 2 months, the love for it started when i turned 18 back in May and dropping a lot of pills at my local nightclub. I found a love for DnB and started attending every event. For those Aussies out there, I'm also a filthy rinser/dnb stepper ;).
Anyhow, I've started to click and get the hang of mixing DnB. When i started my mate told me to follow a rule he calls, the "22 second" rule. Now I've noticed every DnB song, follow this rule, with a select few dropping around 33 seconds and some at 55 seconds.
Obviously mixing is all about knowing your music, but in terms of my mentality and researching the genre a bit more, I've noticed this "22 second" rule to be mentioned, only in a couple of places, and I think that I'm possibly approaching mixing DnB with the incorrect mindset. Upon finding something online, it stated that DnB is played in 16bar intervals, and it just so happens to be that because the BPM and the bars that are played, these are the timings, or intervals of timings that it appears to be at (22, 44, 1:06 etc).
Now i don't know too much about bars and i'll definitely look into it more, but can someone please help me out in terms of my approach and what i should be looking at to take my mixing to the next level, as it seems, or i feel like if i keep this mentality, i may be learning the wrong way, and if i was to get a lot better, it may stump my growth as a mixer.
With the additional variable costs, you now would take that $45 of Fixed Cost and have to add the additional fees stated above. Now if each track costs you $15 and three of those tracks need additional audio repair (say 2 hours), your total goes up to approximately $390 for your one song of 15 tracks.
An idea of the number of hours to mix songs of different genres can be estimated by the typical number of tracks (see Table 2 below). For example, to mix a Jazz song with 10 tracks, where the mix engineer needs 30 minutes to mix one track, the time needed would be 5 hours. A Rock song, 11 hours, and a Pop song just under 24 hours.
The costs for mastering a stereo track are generally higher than mixing. Even though there is less variable cost, high-end mastering equipment is costly, and therefore, the amortization cost is higher. The demand for mastering engineers in the home production marketplace is lower than that for mixing engineers, and therefore, there are fewer budget options available. In turn, professional mastering engineers offer competitive rates for work that can be submitted and delivered online.
Not only will they have experience mixing the unique sounds of your genre, but more often than not, they will have a passion for it, and that means that they will be more invested in crafting that perfect track for you. After all, if you love something, you are more focused on making it great.
In the case where you have 10 songs to mix consider ordering one song to start with so that you can base your decision on an actual result (of your work). This may be a little more expensive in the long run, as you will not be able to take advantage of any bulk offers. However, this route certainly helps to reduce the risk. Alternatively, try to negotiate with the freelancer to pay the bulk offer price once accepting the initially approved mix.
This song mashup maker will automatically analyze your music file and identify places to split, cut, and apply remix effects. The mixing positions are marked on the audio track timeline. Then, of course, you can select different effects to adjust them accordingly.
In order to learn mixing in bite sized chunks. I'd like to break down this post into 6 essential sections. If you'd prefer to get more specific on vocals then here is a detailed post on how to mix vocals in Logic Pro. I also created a video on mixing vocals too if you'd prefer. 006ab0faaa