control and effective management of obesity and diabetes. 3. Implementation of the World Health Organization ‘Best Buys’ approach including screening of at-risk populations for CKD, universal access to essential diagnostics of early CKD, availability of affordable basic technologies and essential medicines, and task shifting from doctors to front-line healthcare workers to more effectively target progression of CKD and other secondary preventative approaches. To that end, the motto ‘Kidney Health for Everyone, Everywhere’ is more than a tagline or wishful thinking. It is an imperative policy that can be successfully achieved if policy makers, nephrologists, and healthcare professionals place prevention and primary care for kidney disease within the context of their Universal Health Coverage programs. Supplementary Material Click here to view [pdf]. References 1. International Society of Nephrology. 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N Engl J Med 2017; 377: 1765–1776, doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1700312. 9. United Nations General Assembly. Political declaration of the third high-level meeting of the General Assembly on the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases (2018). Retrieved from ohttps://www.un.org/ga/search/ view_doc.asp?symbol=A/73/L.2&Lang=E4. 10. Lopez AD, Williams TN, Levin A, Tonelli M, Singh JA, Burney PG, et al. Remembering the forgotten non-communicable diseases. BMC Med 2014; 12: 200, doi: 10.1186/ s12916-014-0200-8. 11. (CDC) Center for Disease Control and Prevention. ‘‘Picture ofChronic Kidney Disease and Its Complications Robert Thomas, MDa,b , Abbas Kanso, MDa,b , John R. Sedor, MDa,b,c, * a Department of Medicine, MetroHealth System Campus, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA b The CWRU Center for the Study of Kidney Disease and Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA c Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is recognized as a major health problem affecting approximately 13% of the US population [1]. Numbers of prevalent CKD patients will continue to rise, reflecting the growing elderly population and increasing numbers of patients with diabetes and hypertension. As numbers of CKD patients increase, primary care practitioners will be confronted with management of the complex medical problems unique to patients with chronic renal impairment. As well documented in the literature, the nephrologist rarely manages the medical needs of CKD patients until renal replacement therapy is required. In this article, we define CKD staging and discuss five complications associated with CKD: anemia, hyperlipidemia, nutrition, osteodystrophy, and cardiovascular risk. CKD classification/staging CKD is defined as the presence of kidney damage, manifested by abnormal albumin excretion or decreased kidney function, quantified by measured or estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), that persists for more than 3 months [2,3]. Although creatinine clearances can be calculated from urine creatinine concentration measured in a 24-hour urine collection and * Corresponding author. Department of Medicine, Rammelkamp Center for Research and Education, Case Western Reserve University, MetroHealth System, 2500