Notes on cohorts Gene/locus Conclusions Ref. China Chan VS, 2006 SARS patients admitted at four hospitals in Hong Kong Hong Kong SARS Manifest disease 1127 285 842 $ CLEC4M (L-SIGN) CLEC4M nominally associated with homozigosity (protective). Functional analysis consistent with genetic risk. [38] Chong WP, 2006 SARS cases retrospecivelly selected in Hong Kong and Bejing, China Hong Kong SARS Manifest disease Severity (death) 925 476 449 IFN-γ, IL-10, TNF-α No association with IL-10 and TNFalfa; IFNγ nominally associated with disease, not associated with severity [39] He J, 2006 SARS patients from Bejing, China China SARS Manifest disease 66 66 64 Cohort assessed for risk factors OAS-1, MxA Nominal association of OAS-1 and MxA with disease. For both variants association found in dominant model only. [40] Chen WJ, 2006 SARS cases retrospecivelly selected from the National Taiwan database Taiwan SARS Positive NPS Manifest disease 188 94 94 ACE2, ACP5, ADAR, AIP, ANPEP, B2M, CAT, CCL5/RANTES, CD209, CIITA, CXCL9, CXCL10, CYP17A1, EIF2AK3, EIF2S1, EIF4G1, ESR1, FGL2, FN1, G6PD, GNB3, GPX1, GSS, HMOX1, IFNAR1, IFNAR2, IFNG, IFNGR1, IFNGR2, IL1A, IL1B, IL1RN, IL4, IL6, IL10, IL10RB, IL12A, IL15, IL18, IRF1, IRF3, IRF7, MBL2, MX1, NFRKB, OAS1, PRDX2, PRKRA, PTGS2, RelB, RFX5, RNASEL, SERP INB3, SH2DIA, SLAMF1, SOCS1, SOCS3, SOD1, TBF, TFRC, TGFB1, TLR3, TLR4, TRAF6, WSX1 Nominal association of detectable NPS with 4 genes (IL1A, IL18, FGL2, RelB) in the patients’ cohort; no association with infection in the casecontrol study [41] Chen YM, 2006 Employees of the Municipal Hoping Hospital, Taipei Taiwan SARS Seropositivity 100 20 80 HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-Cw, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DRB1 HLA-Cw0801 nominally associated with SARS infection [42] Chan KYK, 2007 SARS patients previously admitted at 6 Hong Kong Hospitals Hong Kong SARS Manifest disease LDH level, WBC 1723 817 906 $ ICAM3, FCER2, CD209 (DC-SIGN), CLEC4M (L-SIGN) ICAM3 possibly associated with severity, via LDH level as a proxy [43] Ng MW, 2007 SARS cases retrospectively selected in Hong Kong and Bejing, China Hong Kong SARS Manifest disease Severity (ICU or death) 1073 495 578 CCL5/RANTES, IP-10, Mig No association with IL-10 and Mig; CCL5/RANTES -28C > G is associated with disease (discovery cohort only) and severity (both discovery and validation cohorts). Association between CCL5/RANTES and severity was [44] Di Maria et al. Human Genomics (2020) 14:30 Page 6 of 19 Table 1 Articles included as eligible for data abstraction, ordered by year of publication and first author. For each study, main features, genes/loci examined and summary of the main findings are reported (Continued) Author, year Population description Country Disease Primary outcome Other outcomes Sample N Cases N Controls N Notes on cohorts Gene/locus Conclusions Ref. validated in an independent cohort of Chinese patients Yuan FF, 2007 SARS patients admitted at Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Hong Kong SARS Manifest disease Severity (ICU) 350 152 198 § TLR2, TLR4, CD14 No informative variant in TLR2 and TLR4; CD14 nominally associated with severity [45] Li H, 2008 SARS patients retrospectively collected Hong Kong SARS Manifest disease Severity (ICU or death) 353 181 172 FCER2, CLEC4G, CD209, CLEC4M (LSIGN) Negative results (4 genes in the C-type lectin genes cluster, chr. 19). [46] Wang S, 2008 SARS patients admitted at Tianjin Hospital, China China SARS Manifest disease Interstitial lung fibrosis; femoral head necrosis 208 75 133 TNF-α No association with infection and interstitial lung fibrosis; nominal association with femoral head necrosis [47] Xiong P, 2008 SARS patients from Guangdong province, China China SARS Manifest disease Severity 498 95 403 HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-DRB1 Negative results [48] Keicho N, 2009 Vietnamese patients with SARS Vietnam SARS Manifest disease Seropositivity 145 44 101 # HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQB1 HLA-DRB1*12 possibly associated with disease [49] Wang Y, 2009 SARS patients from Bejing and Guangzhou, China China SARS Manifest disease 899 376 523 MASP2 Negative results (MASP is a downstream protein of MBL). [50] Chan KYK, 2010 SARS patients previously admitted at Hong Kong Hospitals Hong Kong SARS LDH level 681 681 n/a $ CD209 (DC-SIGN); combined CD209 and ICAM3 CD209 and CD209 + ICAM3 possibly associated with severity, via LDH level as proxy [51] Ching JCY, 2010 SARS patients previously admitted at 6 Hong Kong Hospitals Hong Kong SARS Manifest disease Severity (assisted ventilation and other not reported measures) 1210 792 418 $ MxA Nominal association of MxA with disease, not with severity; OAS-1 + MxA dyplotype also analysed [52] Ng MH, 2010 SARS patients recruited from the Hong Kong Department of Health database Hong Kong SARS Manifest disease 210 102 108 Controls were contact of patients; families also enrolled HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-Cw, HLA-DQ, HLA-DR Negative results: nominal association with disease (increase in DRB4*01010101 frequency, decrease in HLAB*1502 and HLA-DRB3*030101 frequency in patients) not surviving to correction. [53] Di Maria et al. Human Genomics (2020) 14:30 Page 7 of 19 Table 1 Articles included as eligible for data abstraction, ordered by year of publication and first author. For