Level I
This unit focuses on an introduction to multiplication and division concepts. The students begin with exploring items that come in equal groups and the connections between how equal groups, repeated addition, and skip counting relate to multiplication. Students explore multiplication and find factors in a geometric context through the construction of rectangular arrays and use these skills to problem solve.
Level II
In this unit students then use arrays and other models to demonstrate their understanding of the Associative and Distributive properties of multiplication. The culmination of this unit explores patterns in the multiplication chart in order to build fluency of multiplication facts.
Level III
This is a complete unit with explanations and exercises that emphasize the standard algorithm of multiplication. Students explore how to multiply a two-digit number by a single-digit number demonstrating their understanding of place value. Students then multiply a three or four-digit number. The culmination of this unit explores multiple ways to multiply in addition to the traditional algorithm. Students will develop and compare other multiplication strategies such the open area model and lattice.
Level III
This unit introduces students to vocabulary such as dividend, divisor, and quotient. The students begin exploring algorithms that will allow them to divide larger numbers. Students develop understanding of why division procedures work based on the meaning of base-ten numerals and properties of operations. They develop accuracy through conceptual understanding of multi-digit addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. They apply their understandings of models of whole numbers, the relationship between multiplication and division, and properties of operations to divide whole numbers. They develop fluency in these computations, and make reasonable estimates of their results.