The existence of dark matter has been confirmed by various independent observations like galaxy rotation curves, gravitational lensing, and cosmic microwave background. Although dark matter constitutes about 27% of the total energy density, no particle within the standard model of particle physics can be a dark matter particle.
Neutrinos are the least understood particles in the Standard Model. Whereas Standard Model predicts no mass for neutrinos, neutrino oscillations suggest that they do have mass, albeit small.
Precision cosmology, with the advancement of data science and various ground/satellite-based experiments, has opened up a new window to study BSM physics. Future cosmological experiments like CMB S-4, SPT-3G will provide sub-percent level accuracy to various cosmological parameters. For example, future experiments can put further insights into the properties of neutrinos or light BSM particles that are more weakly coupled than neutrinos. As a result, imprints of BSM particles can be seen and probed in future cosmological experiments.
The fact that the Early universe was very hot and dense, makes itself a unique laboratory for studying the fundamental particles of our universe and their interactions. My research interests lie in studying particle physics from a cosmological point of view. The topics that interest me include neutrino mass, non-standard interactions of neutrinos, dark matter physics, solutions to strong CP problems, leptogenesis, primordial black holes, and so on.
I am interested in studying particle physics models that are not easy to constrain with the current particle accelerator experiments, but can be probed with current or future cosmological observations. One such area is to study the extra relativistic degree of freedom (Parameterised by ΔNeff) of the Early universe. For example, due to its very weak coupling, the Feebly Interacting Massive Particles (FIMPs) are hard to study in LHC or other such experiments. However, some of the FIMPs models can be related to dark radiation of the early universe and, as a result, can be tightly constrained from cosmological observations. Currently, I am focusing on the parameter extra relativistic degree of freedom (ΔNeff), which will be measured to sub-percent level accuracy in the near future, to study various BSM models involving FIMPs, dark-radiation, neutrino asymmetry, non-standard neutrino interactions, etc.
Some other topics I would like to investigate in the near future are axions, cosmic birefringence, Hubble Tension etc.