Money Isn’t The Only Type of Green That Can Make You Happy: The Healing Power of Nature & Exploring Alternative Treatments for Mental Illness by Stephanie Joseph

Nature Therapy: A woman forest-bathing (Beachway Therapy Center) 

Money isn't the only type of green that can make you happy!  It turns out that the greenery of nature has countless benefits to our wellbeing too. In today's fast-paced and stress-inducing world, there are an increasing number of people seeking alternative treatments for mental illness. One such treatment gaining traction is the therapeutic use of nature. But what impact does nature truly have on those with mental illness? In this article, I delve into the healing power of nature and its profound effects on mental health.


Mental illness affects millions of people worldwide, such as conditions like depression, anxiety, and PTSD. While traditional treatments such as therapy and medication play a crucial role, many individuals are exploring complementary approaches to supplement their mental health journey such as ecotherapy.


The Healing Power of Nature:

Nature has long been revered for its calming and rejuvenating effects on the human mind and body. Spending time outdoors, whether in parks, forests, or by the sea, has been shown to reduce stress levels, lower blood pressure, and elevate mood. The sights, sounds, and smells of nature engage our senses and offer a respite from the hustle and bustle of urban life.

In Particular, forest bathing, or spending time in forests while engaging in mindful activities, has been shown to reduce stress levels and improve mental well-being. A study published in the National Library of Medicine found that participants who engaged in forest bathing experienced significant reductions in cortisol levels, blood pressure, and heart rate compared to those in urban environments.

This all goes to show that numerous studies have demonstrated the therapeutic effects of nature on mental health. Research from the American Psychological Association has shown that spending time in natural settings, such as parks, forests, and green spaces, can reduce symptoms of anxiety, depression, stress, and other mental health disorders. Nature-based interventions, including ecotherapy, horticultural therapy, wilderness therapy, and nature-based mindfulness practices, have been found to improve mood, enhance self-esteem, increase resilience, and promote overall psychological well-being. Neuroscientific research done by Katheryn E. Schertz et al. in the Sage Journals has shed light on the physiological mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of nature. Exposure to natural environments has been shown to activate the parasympathetic nervous system, leading to a relaxation response and decreased levels of cortisol, the stress hormone. Additionally, spending time in nature increases the production of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine which are emotional regulators. Whether it's a walk in the woods, gardening in a community garden, or simply sitting by a river, nature has the ability to soothe the mind, uplift the spirit, and restore a sense of balance.

Further studies such as Shinrin-Yoku (Forest Bathing) and Nature Therapy: A State-of-the-Art Review - PubMed (nih.gov) support the therapeutic benefits of nature for mental health. This study speaks on Forest bathing, or shinrin-yoku, which is a Japanese practice that involves immersing oneself in the forest atmosphere for health benefits. In this study, Margaret M. Hansen shares her experiences with forest bathing and discusses its profound effects on mental clarity, emotional balance, and overall well-being. To add on to this, a study published in the Journal of Affective Disorders found that spending time in natural environments significantly reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety. Another study in Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine concluded that exposure to green spaces improved overall psychological well-being.

Another such study finds that ecotherapy is emerging as a valuable approach for harnessing the healing potential of nature, according to Ryan Reese, PhD, a psychotherapist based in Bend, Oregon. Reese and his team have introduced the concept of EcoWellness, which emphasizes feeling appreciation and reverence for nature to foster a sense of connection and well-being. Their work, published in the International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, outlines a framework for measuring nature-based wellness, facilitating its integration into psychotherapy.

Reese's pilot study focuses on a six-week outdoor therapy program that combines fly-fishing with mindfulness practices. With that being said, psychologists are exploring various avenues to help clients connect with nature, including walking therapy, where sessions take place outdoors to promote fresh air and physical activity, notes C. Vaile Wright, PhD, from APA's Practice Directorate.

Furthermore, "Nature and Mental Health: An Ecosystem Service Perspective" by Gregory N. Bratman gives us research on the various pathways through which nature can positively influence mental health outcomes and proposes strategies for integrating nature-based interventions into healthcare systems. These interventions may include prescribing time in nature as part of treatment plans, designing healthcare facilities with access to natural views and outdoor spaces, and incorporating nature-based therapies into mental health treatment programs. In addition to this, "The great outdoors: how a green exercise environment can benefit all - PMC (nih.gov) " highlighted the benefits of "green exercise" which is physical activity undertaken in natural environments. This study has shown that engaging in activities like walking, hiking, or gardening in green spaces can not only improve physical health but also enhance mood and reduce stress and anxiety.

The Mind-Body Connection:

The connection between nature and mental health goes beyond mere exposure to green spaces. Engaging in physical activities outdoors, such as walking or yoga, combines the benefits of exercise with the healing power of nature. The rhythmic movement and fresh air invigorate the body and calm the mind, fostering a sense of balance and inner peace.
Furthermore, nature provides opportunities for social connection and support, which are essential for emotional well-being. Whether through group hikes, community gardening projects, or outdoor recreational activities, nature facilitates meaningful social interactions and fosters a sense of belonging and camaraderie. This all goes to show that from serene forests to majestic mountains and tranquil beaches, the natural world offers a multitude of benefits to our mental, emotional, and physical well-being.

In addition to this, countless individuals have experienced firsthand the transformative effects of nature on their mental well-being. From individuals struggling with PTSD finding solace in equine therapy to those battling depression discovering hope amidst the tranquility of a forest, nature offers a sanctuary for healing and growth. Several nature-based therapies have emerged as effective interventions for mental illness such as Ecotherapy, Horticultural Therapy, and Wilderness Therapy. Firstly, Ecotherapy, also known as nature therapy, involves guided outdoor activities such as hiking, gardening, and wilderness retreats. While Horticultural therapy involves the use of gardening and plant-related activities as therapeutic interventions. Participants engage in gardening tasks such as planting, watering, and harvesting, which can promote relaxation, mindfulness, and a sense of accomplishment. And lastly, Wilderness therapy involves immersive outdoor experiences in natural settings, often facilitated by trained therapists or counselors. Participants engage in activities such as backpacking, camping, rock climbing, and outdoor skills training, while also participating in group therapy sessions and reflective exercises. Wilderness therapy programs are designed to promote personal growth, self-awareness, and emotional healing by challenging individuals to confront their fears, build resilience, and develop coping skills.


In conclusion, the impact of nature on those with mental illness seeking alternative treatments cannot be overstated. As research continues to uncover the myriad benefits of nature-based therapies, it is essential to recognize the healing potential of our natural surroundings. By embracing the therapeutic power of nature, we can embark on a journey of self-discovery, resilience, and healing. By incorporating nature-based therapies into their mental health regimen, individuals can tap into the healing power of the natural world and cultivate well-being and resilience.

Through ecotherapy, animal-assisted therapy, and outdoor activities, individuals can reconnect with nature, reduce stress, and foster emotional healing. As the evidence continues to mount in support of nature's therapeutic benefits, it is imperative that mental health professionals, policymakers, and communities alike recognize the importance of integrating nature-based interventions into mental health care practices.

Therefore, I urge policymakers, healthcare professionals, and individuals alike to prioritize access to green spaces, parks, and natural environments as integral components of mental health treatment and wellness. Let's advocate for the integration of nature-based therapies into mainstream mental healthcare systems, ensuring that everyone has the opportunity to benefit from the restorative power of the great outdoors. In embracing nature as a source of healing and renewal, we can create a world where mental wellness is nurtured, and individuals thrive amidst the beauty and tranquility of the natural world.






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Meditating in Nature: A woman doing mindfulness practice in nature (Forest Bathing.com)

Types of Nature Therapy: A diagram showing the different types of ecotherapy (GrowTherapy.com)