Environmental pollution, mainly caused by industrialization, urbanization and other anthropogenic activities, has resulted in the generation of pollutants such as heavy metals, organic compounds and microorganisms, which threaten the ecological balance and human health. The use of nanomaterials have proven to be a useful tool for increasing the efficiency of pollutant removal processes in water, air and soil. Our group has been working on the use of silver nanoparticles due to their known antibacterial capacity for the removal of pathogens present in both water and air.