The following sections have been selected by OCR and are included in their advanced information document for Summer 2022 exams.
You should be making notes on each of the following sections.
Test yourself as you go!
The fetch-execute cycle
ALU
CU
Cache
Registers
MAR
MDR
Program Counter
Accumulator
Why is it needed?
What is the difference between RAM and ROM?
The purpose of RAM and ROM
What is virtual memory and why is it needed?
Why is secondary storage needed?
Common Types of Secondary Storage
Capacity
Speed
Portability
Durability
Reliability
Cost
Bit
Nibble (4 bits)
Byte
Kilobyte
Megabyte
Gigabyte
Terabyte
Petabyte
How data needs to be converted into a binary format to be processed by a computer
Binary
Binary Addition
Hexadecimal
Binary Shifts
A quick video guide converting a hexadecimal number in to binary and then in to denary.
What is a character set?
ASCII
Unicode
How images are represented in binary
Metadata
Colour Depth
How sound can be represented in digital form
Sample Rates
Duration
Bit Depth
The need for compression
Lossy
Lossless
Factors that affect the performance of a network
The hardware needed to connect stand-alone computers into a Local Area Network:
· Wireless access points
· Routers
· Switches
· NIC (Network Interface Controller/Card)
· Transmission media
The Internet as a worldwide collection of computer networks: DNS (Domain Name Server)
· Hosting
· The Cloud
Web servers and clients
Wired (Ethernet)
Wireless (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth)
What is encryption?
What is the difference?
Why are standards important?
TCP/IP
HTTP & HTTPS
FTP
POP
IMAP
SMTP
Common prevention methods:
Penetration Testing
Anti-malware software
Firewalls
User Access Levels
Passwords
Encryption
Physical Security
Ethical Issues
Legal Issues
Cultural Issues
Environmental Issues
Privacy Issues
The Data Protection Act 2018
Computer Misuse Act 1990
Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988
Software Licences (Open Source & Proprietary)