Concrete is a construction material composed of cement, fine aggregates (sand) and coarse aggregates mixed with water which hardens with time. Portland cement is the commonly used type of cement for production of concrete. Concrete technology deals with study of properties of concrete and its practical applications. In a building construction, concrete is used for the construction of foundations, columns, beams, slabs and other load bearing elements. There are different types of binding material is used other than cement such as lime for lime concrete and bitumen for asphalt concrete which is used for road construction.
Advanced Concrete Technology
Concrete is the most widely used material in the world. It plays an important role in infrastructure and private buildings construction. Understanding the basic behaviors of concrete is essential for civil engineering students to become civil engineering professionals. New Methods in Concrete: Structure, Properties, and Materials will help to increase knowledge of concrete. new methodologies, new developments, and new innovations in concrete technology. for introduction of end use guided research strategy for concrete, unification of materials and structures studies, and an emphasize on fundamental exploration of concrete structures, state of art of concrete development, and innovations.
Advanced construction Equipment
Advanced Construction Equipments. For selection of appropriate equipment and techniques in construction for large and heavy engineering projects on the basis of suitability, availability, productivity, output, initial and operation cost, savings in time and other resources etc
Quantity Survey Estimation and Valuation
Any structure, i.e., building, bridge, dam etc. consists of various building materials. Due to rise in the cost of materials, the structure has to be designed so that it is safe, serviceable and economical. Without proper design and estimation, it may lead to the increase in cost of construction and it further affects the economical aspect of the structure. A prior knowledge of various building materials is required for the construction and it controls the cost of the structure, save wastage of labour-hours and eventually helps in giving the correct amount required and quantity of various materials required. It also helps in scheduling of men, materials and machine to be used in the project at stages. The scope of the subject includes estimating, costing, analysis of rates, specification, valuation, tender and contracts etc.
Building Materials & Construction Technique
An extension on the brush building idea is the wattle and daub process in which clay soils or dung, usually cow, are used to fill in and cover a woven brush structure. This gives the structure more thermal mass and strength. Wattle and daub is one of the oldest building techniques.
Contract & Account
When a contract has been accepted by the contractor, a separate account is opened for each contract in order to bring together all costs relating to a particular contract, and a serial number is given to each contract, which is called contract account.