Mystery
In order for a novel to qualify as a mystery, it must meet these plot requirements:
There must be a murder and a dead body.
The protagonist must be an investigator trying to solve the murder, either professional or amateur.
Cozy Mystery
Cozy mysteries are lighter in tone, don't describe the murder in too much detail, take place in a small town, and the sleuth is an amateur. There are smaller divisions within this subgenre. Hobby mysteries feature a group of characters who all participate in a hobby like knitting, baking, or book clubs. Domestic mysteries feature things around the house, usually a pet dog or cat who aids the sleuth.
Try these authors: Joanne Fluke, Rita Mae Brown, Laura Childs, Diane Mott Davidson, Cleo Coyle, Nancy Atherton, Leslie Meier
Invitation Only Murder by Leslie Meier
Chocolate Chip Cookie Murder by Joanne Fluke
Mission to Murder by Lynn Cahoon
Caper Mystery
Caper mysteries have a comical element. They feature either a bumbling detective or are told from the point of view of a bumbling criminal. They are also the only mystery subgenre where the crime is not necessarily a murder.
Try these authors: Donald E. Westlake, Lawrence Block, Elmore Leonard, Carl Hiaasen, Janet Evanovich
Fortune and Glory by Janet Evanovich
Squeeze Me by Carl Hiaasen
Razor Girl by Carl Hiaasen
Get Shorty by Elmore Leonard
Police Procedural
Mysteries in this subgenre always feature a protagonist who is a member of the police force, FBI, or some other official government entity who is investigating the crime.
Try these authors: P.D. James, Ruth Rendell, Tony Hillerman, Ian Rankin, John Sanford, Michael Connelly, Jeffery Deaver, James Patterson, Nelson DeMille, C.J. Box, Jussi Adler-Olsen, Jo Nesbo, Martin Cruz Smith, John Lutz, Karin Slaughter, Donna Leon, Ann Cleeves, Patricia Cornwell, Tess Gerritsen, Kathy Reichs, J.A. Jance, Louise Penny
Transient Desires by Donna Leon
The Madness of Crowds by Louise Penny
Year of the Dog by Henry Chang
The Siberian Dilemma by Martin Cruz Smith
Harboiled / Noir Mystery
Hardboiled and noir mysteries feature professional, independent investigators (often of the trench coat variety) and describe the murders in detail. These investigators are independent and not part of any police force. They are often investigating mob and mafia related crimes that flourished during the Prohibition era (1920-1933), as well as corruption of the police force and legal system. This genre had its heyday in the 1930's-1950's. More contemporary novels in this subgenre don't take place during Prohibition, but still feature professional, independent investigators in an urban setting.
Try these authors: Sara Paretsky, Walter Mosley, Sue Grafton, Dennis Lehane, Robert Galbraith, Jonathan Kellerman, James Lee Burke, James Ellroy
Blood Grove by Walter Mosley
This Storm by James Ellroy
A Drink Before the War by Dennis Lehane
Y is for Yesterday by Sue Grafton
Paranormal Mystery
This subgenre is what it sounds like- mysteries with a supernatural element like ghosts or messages from the unknown. It can add another twist to what would otherwise be a regular mystery.
Try these authors: Charlaine Harris, Jim Butcher, Victoria Laurie, Madelyn Alt, Juliet Blackwell
Cemetery Girl by Charlaine Harris
Night Shift by Charlaine Harris
Storm Front by Jim Butcher
Home for a Spell by Madelyn Alt
Historical Mystery
A historical mystery is exactly what it sounds like: a mystery set in the past.
Try these authors: Rhys Bowen, Alan Bradley, Agatha Christie, Deanna Raybourn, Susan Elia MacNeal, Tasha Alexander
The Bombay Prince by Sujata Massey
Love and Death Among the Cheetahs by Rhys Bowen
A Curious Beginning by Deanna Raybourn
The King's Justice by Susan Elia MacNeal