Equity is also known as shareholders equity. Equity consists of money that would remain if company assets were sold and all of its debt was paid off.   

Futures are an exchange-traded standardized derivative agreement to buy or sell the underlying asset at a pre-determined price on a specific date. 

IPO is a public offering in which a private company is taken public by listing it on the stock exchange and offering its shares to investors in the primary market.  

Foreign exchange is the most liquid, decentralised, over-the-counter market, with a daily volume of more than $6.6 trillion in 2019. 

A mutual fund is a financial vehicle that draws money from investors and invests those funds in various securities.  

A commodity market is one that deals in trading raw materials or primary products rather than manufacturing products, such as cocoa, fruit, and sugar.