For the beginning of our second year with traditional art, we are returning to still life and composition; we've kickstarted with a submission piece to allow more time to develop our work and bring us straight back to practice. For this first submission piece, we are being asked to use mark-making and line drawing within our composition, rejecting our usual rendering and tone building techniques.
Line drawing in still life can be used to depict distance and emphasis on different subjects within a composition through line weight; heavier, thicker lines show an object is closer to the viewer, where the weight of the line and definition of it fades with distance, showing that a faraway object appears lighter. This is akin to environments, as monumental mountains in a distance fade into the skyline and appear foggy and muted, rather than full of colour and distinct from surroundings if viewed close up. Lines are also used to depict texture and specularity, as seen in organic materials which possess rougher textural lines which also help to show their usual matte nature which doesn't reflect much. Glossy objects like glass use smooth, curved lines to show how light warps within the material and create highlights that follow the object's contour.
In today's session, I will aim to put these ideas to practice in drawing still life compositions and aim to produce a submission piece using mark-making and lines to depict lighting, distance, and material textures.
To begin, we started with some thumbnails to grasp the layout of the scenes and scale between each subject. I found myself having trouble with the first few attempts and kept erasing my attempts. I struggled to match the scale of the goat statue to the fruit below; using my pencil to measure the goat, I found it took up 2/3rds of the composition height-wise and the other third held the produce below. Even then, I struggled which I think was due to being rusty when it comes to still lifes in particular. I persisted by switching angles, and when I found trouble with that, I changed my seat to draw a different layout of objects.
For this new layout, I had an easier time with the thumbnail and got it down swiftly. The only gripe was that I underestimated the vertical scale of the pitcher with flowers in it which towered above my thumbnail borders, which led me to omitting those in the thumbnail. Thankfully, I was able to apply that to the full drawing.
In starting the full-scale drawing, I started out VERY faint to get an abstract impression of each object, marking their general shape and scale before accurately drawing them and adding any lines.
Next, I used ellipses to construct the vase. I had the depth/curvature of the ellipses down as it was at a decent distance where it wasn't overly round, but also wasn't flat if it were up close. Kras helped me fixed the symmetry of it since I'd drawn the vertical base line for it wonky, which affected its symmetry as I tried to correct its vertical stature. With the vertical line adjusted and the symmetry fixed, I had a developed version of this drawing.
Teo also demonstrated how the top end of the vase was skewed as its horizontal axis showed the halves of this ellipses to be uneven. To align with perspective, the top half will be smaller as it is further from me, but I had it the wrong way round, which removed the depth of this area. Once this was fixed, it felt much more realistic and plausible. This area was important to achieve accuracy on, since an abundance of flowers spout out of it.
Dev Log Evaluation:
To be honest, this lesson felt like a rocky start to me; over summer I had mostly been drawing human and animal forms based on my artistic preferences, and neglecting the basics of studying still life. This gave me trouble with depicting scale and distance in my drawings, and having wonky ellipses. With my lecturers' assistance, I was able to leave with a decent start to my submission piece thankfully, although I need to develop it by adding line weight and start the mark-making.
Although I found myself gradually getting back into the groove throughout the lesson, I decided to do some primitive drawings at home using the line of action website, giving myself 2 minutes per image. This helped me to get back into the practice of still life, and I'll employ this technique before lessons so I don't waste time adjusting myself again!
For this task, we've been asked to take a piece of art relevant to our studies and analyse its composition - this alludes to the purpose and atmosphere, colours and contrast, lighting, shape language and composition overall/layout. Analysing each facet of an artwork's creation helps us to understand how vital composition is as it speaks without words, telling a story and curating a mood through pure visuals. Learning this helps us to think critically when creating art, teaching us to use every aspect to craft a story and result in a piece of work with incredible subtext and thought-provoking details.
"Sun Temple" by Pierre Olivier
Before analysing the components making up this piece, my immediate impression of this art was a sense of whimsical adventure and the mystery of exploring uncharted areas, intensified by the collection of darkening clouds in the background. I'm drawn to the temple as I feel a sense of direction leading to it, especially since that appears to be the girl's destination.
Composition & Layout:
"St Sebastian" by Guido Reni, 1625
In finding the compositional layout of this piece, I used the fact that I was immediately drawn to the temple door to start my analysis. I noticed how a myriad of environmental details had leading lines that stemmed from the temple's centre, marking it as a focal point in the painting. This aligns with the technique "radiating lines" which stem from a particular point of emphasis and construct the rest of the painting around it, confirming my initial observation where I felt a sense of direction leading to the temple.
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I realised that the artwork aligns with the "diagonal line" baroque technique which features a major diagonal line running through each corner of the canvas, followed up with smaller lines connecting to (or close to) the untouched corners to split the piece into triangles.
For this piece, the major line runs through the path of the mountain ascent followed by the girl, towards the temple and up to the sky behind it. The cliff's falloff beside the temple marks one of the minor lines, and the other line starts where the girl is, leading up from another cliffside. The major diagonal line reflects the girl's pilgrimage, and the lesser lines highlight the environment she's endured with dangerous cliff falloffs, and monumental rock towers scaling above her.
The temple's emphasis is reinforced when I tested the "rule of thirds" on the drawing; the very middle square features the girl, cat, and temple door which advocates their importance within the scene - the explorers, and their destination. I appreciate how these gridlines align with the environment, the top row containing mostly sky, along with the temple to depict its scale and allure through that. The middle row features the characters and the end of the stairway, depicting a flatter mountaintop, marking the end of the girl's journey; this is followed up by the bottom row which has lots of steep lines showing the mountain's descent, along with the stairs coming more into focus, evidencing the girl's previous whereabouts and how she scaled this mountain. The columns are split by mountainous rocks on the left, the characters and temple on the grassy mountaintop, and the right painted with blue skies.
Colour:
When I filtered the picture to show the colours used, I found a majority of greys - however this makes sense! Without the filter, it's apparent that the artist used complimentary colours - blue and orange. This works incredibly well as warmth is found in the organic matter, yellow/orange grass blowing with the girl carrying a bright red backpack which implies her good nature and innocence as warm colours feel homely and inviting. These hues are contrasted by the cool blues of the sky, which could suggest an easy-going journey for the girl as blue often indicates calm and serenity. Overall, complementary colours such as these can be hard to work with as they blend to create grey in the middle, however, the artist used this to his advantage as he used this tone for the rocks on the cliff; this maintains the colour palette's harmony without washing out the scheme.
Contrast/Lighting:
When I increased the contrast on the artwork, I found a great split through the piece between dark and light; the foreground collects most of the shadows, whereas the background with the temple and sky are completely light. However, an interesting exception is made with the temple door, the focal point of this piece - the drawing's contrast maintains the visual emphasis of this doorway using deep shadows within it, demonstrating the depth within the building and building the viewer's intrigue towards the building as a whole, aligning their feelings with the girl within the drawing.
Shape Usage:
Highlighted in orange are the blocky square shapes I found, whereas the blue highlights the curvier shapes. There's a more triangular shape to the mountain itself, suggesting the dangerous trek ascending it, and the risks the girl took to get here but her optimism and determination are found within the roundness of her design which show her to be friendly and positive. This also goes for some of the ancient temple architecture which could suggest the place she's stumbled across is benevolent and not full of danger; this is complemented by a majorly square design within the temple's construction which promotes its sturdiness, especially since its an old building likely built by an ancient civilisation. The sturdy nature of the shape language speaks for how it stood the test of time.
Week 2's session was a preparatory session readying us for our submission piece in the following week - we had a focus of primarily observing man-made objects and using rendering techniques to communicate an object's texture, its specularity and the same with organic objects too.
At the start of the session, I chose the scene I would draw and began adjusting the components to build its visual strength. To start, I moved the left-most orange further back so it wouldn't sit on the same line as the orange next to it; I did something similar to the upright corn cob so something of a tangent wouldn't form where the curving of the left corn goes up, to the base of the upright corn. Moving this corn backwards gave distinction between the two's positions.
Finally, I adjusted the scale of the vase holding the flowers, bringing it down to accommodate the towering bouquet. This gave much visual emphasis to the bouquet, especially as the strongest vertical subject - each component touching the table guides the eyes up to this blooming array of foliage.
The largest orange sits at the back, building the height of this area, with two below creating the silhouette of a slope rising up the the flowers. The corn also reinforces this, with the left one pointing to the vase, and the right pointing up - directly to these flowers.
Following the thumbnail, I drew the scene in full-scale. I previously omitted the pretzel behind the vase on the right to create a misbalance in visual weight, with objects spilling out to the left side, but this gave an awkward sense of emptiness to that side of the full scale drawing.
This is especially because I drew the vase right in the centre - Teo gave advice of putting the focal component of a piece to a certain side, this prevents the scene from looking built manually rather than naturally composed. This also helps with visual weight, since backgrounds/environments in media rarely have a focal point directly in the centre. This allows for a balance between that point, secondary subjects interacting with it and general space for more subjects.
Going back to the pretzel, Kras suggested that I include it, which I agreed with once added. It resolved the empty space issue, along with the visual weight imbalance; attention was taken away from the vase being in the centre, along with giving some weight to the right side, where the left previously held it all.
(This time I paid close attention to my ellipses and centre line/symmetry and it paid off!)
With the drawing constructed, I moved onto rendering. I wanted to explore different techniques to bring distinction between each object's texture. Starting with the oranges, I gave cross hatching with a side of stippling a go. The cross hatching would follow the contour of the shape and emphasize its curvature and depth, whereas the stippling would represent the pores.
I started by hatching in a curved way, representing the horizontal depth of these oranges, followed by its vertical contour to build tone along the edges. I stippled closer to the stem to show how light hits the orange, creating shadows in these pores stronger than in the middle area that has less contrast. Teo helped show me how more stippling in the darker area showcases the orange's texture better as the shadows would follow the pores. This also helped strengthen the core shadow which was weak when I worked on it.
Moving onto the vase, I started by lightly shading it all, following its curvy contour to create a tonal base. This is the darkest object in the scene so this base was necessary. I built it up by squinting to observe where the major shadows lie, adding horizontal and smooth hatching on the neck and top which is wider, and horizontal, curvy hatching along the base and handle which are longer. I observed how the table affected the tone of this vase, as its light tone created a reflection that was much lighter than the reflections of the room, and general vase's value.
I sketched in the other object's reflections from the scene in the vase, although being too defined and needing more distortion and less of an outline to demonstrate the glossy, glazed nature of the glass. This was great practice for the specularity/metallic submission piece so I'll take this knowledge I've gained into that session. This was followed by erasing small spots to insert the major highlights of this vase.
Dev Log Evaluation:
By the end of the session, this is what I had. This traditional session went much better than the previous one, now that I'm less rusty in still life - I applied the lessons I learnt in week 1 to this practice session, such as ensuring my symmetry line was straight in my ellipses so I don't draw an object wonky, and therefore asymmetrical. I also found my orange rendering succeeded greatly, looking organic in its slight geometric construction, and the use of cross-hatching/stippling demonstrated its porous texture greatly.
The vase was another success, although I must remember to adjust my technique in drawing glass reflections next time - its surface is glazed and glossy, meaning the reflections will be wavy and distorted, along with not being so harshly defined as it looks more like a mirror that way. I wish I could've done more in this piece before the end of the session but I developed tunnel vision as I had too much fun with the oranges. I really want to tackle the pretzel in my own time since it has a cross of textures, with a smooth, shiny outside thanks to its baking in a solution that gives it a shiny surface. The inner bread is sometimes exposed in small cuts, as seen with this pretzel, giving it a rough, sketchy texture, as the exposed bread is tough. The shiny surface would require smooth hatching that follows the contour of the pretzel, length-wise to emphasize the highlights that run across the whole surface in thin strips. I'd utilise rough cross-hatching or light scribbling to depict the bread, as it has high contrast - its light local value means most shadows gather in the roughness of the bread, with very little smoothing and transition between the shadow and highlight.
I would like to finish this piece in my own time, so I may do this before our next session to gain more experience in using a range of rendering techniques - in that department, this session helped a lot. However, I want to experiment with more.
In developing the pretzel, I utilised very smooth hatching to depict its glazed surface along with stippling for rough, exposed bread inside. I used my putty eraser to create thin highlights that follow the pretzel's contour.
Finally, I added some hatching following the folds of the towel and some tone radiating from the large vase to draw attention towards it. Sadly, this piece smudged as it's the first page of my new sketchbook and it lost definition in the vase reflections and highlights. Still, it was worthy practice.
After our prep session, I felt confident going into this lesson dedicated to the final piece for Shape and Pattern - we were tasked with observing a composition, focusing on the construction to understand what shapes and tone application to use that would communicate the texture and build of each object. For example, metallic, reflective vases would use smooth, curved lines with hatching that follows the contour of the shape. Organic subjects like cauliflower uses geometric and imperfect lines for its shape to describe its rough leaves, with stippling, cross hatching, or even scribbling for the rough, in-organised pattern of the vegetation inside. With this knowledge, I chose a scene to draw and started adjusting it for compositional purposes.
I chose this scene due to the gorgeous orchids which caught my eye immediately and felt they would act as a focal point in this composition, therefore my first action was to rotate the vase so the orchids face me. I found this scene to be visually cohesive, with flowers complemented by vegetation, contrasted a little by an accent of man-made objects. Lots of the objects are round and curvy, the explicitly straight lines are found in those man-made objects with the vase (still pretty curved) and the little person figurine. Even the figurine has a flower in their hair!
With my scene decided, I started on a thumbnail to grasp the position and shape of each object.
I took the advice I was given last session into consideration of not placing the centrepiece in the middle to achieve a more organic-feeling setup that wasn't calculated. I also omitted the little man to push the visual weight to the right, strengthening the direction of the flowers' tilt.
I started by blocking in the cloth-covered platform so I could properly place all the objects - I measured each edge of the cloth towel using my pencil to deduct the angle.
Teo suggested I move the vase down to accommodate for the flowers properly so they fully fit in the scene, I reconstructed it using a symmetry line running upwards, drawing ellipses to mark each major curve of the vase and outlining its outer edges, finally marking where its pattern lies. I blocked in the rest of the objects very roughly with basic shapes retaining their silhouette.
I was also advised to put the little guy back in, on the right further back to fill out some empty space and I found that the negative space is more dynamic with the man jutting out from the towel. I started working on the smaller details of the objects like adjusting the orchids position, marking the petals of the roses and added contour lines on the pumpkin to help when rendering to follow its shape.
Dev Log Evaluation:
Finally, I started blocking in some tone; I applied a layer of tone to the vase as the darkest subject in the scene locally, followed by the apple which I was given good advice on by Teo - since its the closest object to me, I should push the contrast on it to enhance the shadow. I went in with further detail on the roses as all the petals can be rendered individually unlike other more complex patterned flowers which require an impression using tone.
I think I succeeded in marking this piece, the stage before rendering is looking good! I gave the orchids a dynamic silhouette as the focal point of the piece, with curved shapes complemented by geometric design for sharper edges that make the overall shape pop. I also overheard someone's feedback of enlarging the petals themselves so I kept that in mind too. I've also improved greatly on ellipses, as they didn't need to be corrected at all this session.
Towards the end of the session, we started watching some show-reels which was a great joy but I probably could've fit more work into that period.. it's okay I enjoyed myself. In developing this piece, I need to be mindful when marking the vase's pattern such as the foreshortening that occurs with the lines - they become closer together with distance and are more spread out when closer to the viewer. I'd like to complete the practice version of this piece by next week, along with as much as I can do for the final piece so I have a choice of which I prefer and find stronger to submit.
In today's lesson, we would be practicing our composition and rendering skills in using tonal ranges to create the impression of reflective/matte surfaces, using techniques like hatching, stippling, etc to attain varied material reads.
I picked a composition to observe, turning the lamp away from me slightly so it wasn't necessarily facing me. My first issue was in the symmetry and placement of the bottle; as I drew on the edge of the page, I had less stability which caused the bottle to entirely tilt, which removed its immersion from the scene. I also found that the pencil sharpener lost definition in its position right in front of the lamp, which also muddied the plane the lamp sat on as its base was entirely obscured.
Someone else was also drawing this composition from a different angle and they repositioned the sharpener which ended up benefitting me too, as it was much more distinct from the lamp now and they could all be observed clearly on different planes. However, I found myself struggling with just getting anything down and felt rather insecure in my ability today, so Kras helped mark everything in the scene for me to go off of which is what is shown here.
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Since I had so much trouble, I tried downsizing my drawings since drawing large can seem daunting at times, and focused on independent items to observe. I got a few down and the shape felt better, my lines were a little more confident but still I struggled.
Dev Log Evaluation:
I ended up going home about 45 minutes early because I felt down, not entirely related to my skills so I needed a rest. I felt ashamed to leave early after this defeat, but we can't always have great days - you won't always produce amazing work and that's okay, I just needed to remember that I have another lesson to give it a go and will go into the next one confident!
Throughout the week before my next session, I observed different kinds of specular objects like metal door handles, cutlery, and kitchenware, giving extra thought to how their values are distributed and how reflections are caused, along with how I'd approach rendering them.
Here is a bonus goopy glossy guy that I drew on the train ride home the day after this session - it was a slightly bumpy ride so he's very left leaning but he counts as practice nonetheless!!
After my trad tumble last week, I decided developing the mark-making submission piece would be a good call. This would contribute towards the final product, and help me strengthen my skills in line weight and confidence. Strengthening this asset will help me feel better going into the specularity submission piece session, especially since most of my troubles lay in constructing the objects in the scene.
To start, I focused on the centrepiece of the composition, the vase; it holds the most contrast due to its position close to the viewer so I made sure to lay down thick lines for this object. In depicting the depth of the vase as it curves inwards from the large middle piece, I used horizontal hatching that followed the contour of the shape. This collection of lines built the impression of a shadow which collected in observation.
The vase's pattern seems like a daunting thing to tackle, but I was able to approach it by starting with faint guidelines that marked where it'd curve, along with observing the major parts of the pattern such as the large fruit in the middle section. I also observed a large flower and left to the bottom right of this line of fruit which helped me place the details in between. With the important patterns marked, I then added the smaller patterns that appeared in a ring across the whole vase such as the small leaves at the top and bottom of the midsection. From here, I filled out the empty space with leaves.
With the pattern entirely marked down, I went in with a 4B pencil and thickened the middle-most lines along the vertical axis to show how light is coming from behind the scene primarily, which causes the pattern to thin out and fade as it reaches a much lighter tone.
I used sharp, geometric lines to craft the leaves and flowers sprouting from the vase not only to contrast its smooth curvature, but also to reflect how these pieces of foliage are wilting - they're succumbing to age, the opposite of vibrant youth which is depicted with soft, curvy lines that emit a glow of health.
For the cauliflower, I started with the silhouette and then separated the green leaves and the inner white curd with lines. Communicating the curd's unique texture felt important, so I used directional curved hatching that imitates the shape and grain of it with heavier lines separating the sub-curds within the overall head of vegetation.
The little man statue didn't require a lot of attention since it was the object furthest from my view so it needed less detail to show its position from me, as tertiary components are obscured with distance. I added his little coat patterns but I didn't use much heavy line weight or tone to show its faded from view slightly.
The smaller budding flowers at the very top required freeform shapes as they were very small, and only needed the implication of their direction rather than a specific material read. I also approached the bizarre spiny plant at the back with caution, marking extruding and sharp lines from its base oval shape faintly, as this plant is furthest from me compared to the rose or budding flowers which lean towards me and need heavier line weight to imply their closer proximity.
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With every component drawn, I went over the whole piece again and re-lined any parts closer to me or with higher contrast such as the vase and the cauliflower leaf right at the front.
I also added a stylistic choice of cast shadows in the form of radiating lines with the light as their origin point.
Finally, I erased the back of the cabbage and left side of the little guy statue to show how the light source is hitting those areas and removing shadow. This piece is now ready for feedback!
Feedback:
Since this piece was virtually complete, I got some feedback from Teo in the following session (it made more sense to put it here though for comparison's sake). She suggested adding further contrast by layering my lines and really increasing their darkness to further depict shadows and deeper values in certain areas such as the stems of the flowers building from the vase, the bottom of the cauliflower and the foremost leaf. The way I erased certain outlines to depict light hitting their surfaces was recognised and I was advised to apply this technique to the vase as well which makes sense as not only is it the most reflective object in the scene, but it also has the highest contrast and depiction of dark to light, so erasing those back lines just complemented it further.
I felt slightly apprehensive going into this session as I struggled previously, but I also made sure to have a confident mindset so I wouldn't let myself stumble so easily if I did make any mistakes. I had the task of creating and observing a composition focusing on specularity, meaning the reflectiveness of an object. This scene shared glass, metal, and plastic with tinges of matte material such as the pot and lid handles to contrast these reflective areas with rougher textures which would emphasize the areas of reflection even more.
(Reference photo in grayscale.)
I started with a thumbnail - the structure was generally alright, but everything felt a little cramped. I also overscaled the pencil sharpener when it's the smallest part of the scene. I moved it outwards a little to distinguish it better in the larger drawing.
I started by roughly mapping out each object as Kras did for me in the previous session which helped give me a kickstart in constructing the overall drawing.
A third year advised that I scale the pan down a little, which was good advice to hear since I felt the pan lid was a little too small anyway, and this was the wiser thing to rescale as constructing the circular lid is more challenging.
Most areas of the drawing were constructed accurately and I did it independently which was a great achievement and confident booster to me, but I still needed some feedback. Kras helped me readjust the pot lid's handle to the correct position by using the axis method to find the centre of the lid, of which he extruded the handle from. I also had a slight symmetry issue with the glass bottle in the large curve which was a quick fix.
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I asked Teo how my reflective distortions looked, since I made the choice to warp them in the pot lid's glass. I did this by curving the edges of the pot itself outwards where it is seen through the lid to show how glass distorts it, especially where the glass is embedded in an object. She approved of this and blocked in some tone to show how the outer ring of the lid would be visible in two separate planes as the glass exposes the second one.
With my feedback recieved, I was ready to begin blocking in tone and cleaning up this piece. I started by deepening the values in the middle of the pan, where the floor is being reflected. There are two distinct values here which include the dark floor, and the light wooden table; since the metal is a little worn and warped, I made sure the transition wasn't entirely sharp to maintain realism.
Dev Log Evaluation:
I left this session feeling much better about trad as the blocking in of my scene was successful and I was even able to start a little rendering! I didn't have too many constructive or perspective issues and the majority of my work was independent which was a great improvement from the previous session.
Since each submission piece is at least marked out now, I have the goals of rendering them to completion now. The first submission piece is also complete, which gives me more time to dedicate to the other two which have more complex rendering and patterns.
I wanted to have a decent amount of work to show for formative feedback so I could get final fixes to my work before the final week, so I decided to render the remaining submission pieces to near completion before Friday.
Material and Surface Properties:
For the pan, I started with a base coat of 3B pencil with lots of directional hatching to communicate the brushed properties of this metal, followed by building the tone where the dark carpet is reflected and where any burn spots occurred. I made sure it was light near the edges where the highlights occur as the deepest point tonally is the middle - this is supported by how its the closest part to me, meaning it will have more definition.
The inside of the pan held a lot more reflections as this part would likely be cleaner and less rough due to boiling water cooking inside it, residually refreshing its surface and keeping it much glossier. These reflections occurred vertically but not completely straight - they were slightly wayward and curved so I played into that by giving them characteristic curve.
Once again, I used hatching to tackle the very thin ring of metal around the pot lid - I entirely omitted shading any lighter area since the ring is so thin, a highlight would be shown better with no tone rather than subtle tone. I also blocked out where the highlights would be on the handle, so I knew what to avoid shading when tackling the handle.
I used a combination of 3 and 8B for the handle, since the cast shadow of the handle is the darkest area in this piece. I shaded the handle as normal, avoiding the highlighted area and carefully approaching it due to its unified, matte surface that doesn't have heavy contrast.
I omitted another area on the glass of the lid where the light's reflection lay, rendering around it with the pot which gave it a soft glow as its borders were sketchy, this ended up as a benefit due to its luminosity.
I started the pencil sharpener by blocking in the tone of each side of it for distinct planes, adding curved lines where these faces meet to how the plastic warps around the circular metal area. I also avoided shading where the pencil shavings would be rather than outlining them to give a more realistic impression of their placement in the sharpener, feeling more integrated with these softer transitions.
I used the axis method to find the centre of the circle, placing the hole for sharpening there. To get the "teeth"(?) correct, I marked faint lines that showed where the deep shadow would be, drawing a star shape on it which gave me those distinct triangles. Trying to draw the triangles themselves likely would've left me with not enough room to give them some tone.
Next, I added the screws and rendered the circular metallic surface. I made sure the source of light was reflected well, contrasted by the reflection of the pan lid which curves upwards instead of the direction it appears to go to show how its reflection distorts on this circular surface. Finally, I built up very subtle tone on the lighter plastic areas of the sharpener using a 2H pencil, followed by a 3B for any areas that needed more contrast like the edge transitions. I also erased lines where the glass would cast light onto it.
Finally, I added some very light tone to fill up the glass, with it increasing towards the edge. I left a gap between this area and the borders to demonstrate the light within the glass, however I struggled with rendering this bottle because lots of objects were reflected inside it from other compositions that I wasn't going to include so that'll be my main point to bring up during formative feedback. Otherwise, I only need to add cast shadows to complete this piece.
Shape and Pattern:
Starting with the orchids as the main focal point and lightest local value, I lightly shaded around their silhouette to depict their presence rather than outlining them - this increases the immersion of the scene where outlines can look cartoony, which I feel I've been guilty of before so tackling it this way was super exciting.
I started shading the petals individually based on their direction, deepening the value where the petals stem from to show how they collide and cause shadow, also building the surrounding tone.
This is how they looked when I finished them, although I didn't use a very dark pencil due to their delicate tone so they lacked contrast.
At a later point, I went over them with a 3B, mainly where the petals stemmed from and the column's hole in the middle where the shadows mainly lay - this built their cohesion with the tonal range of the rest of the composition.
I had already marked the location of the pattern in the session where I initially drew this piece, which meant I could get straight to rendering the vase. I used directional hatching to bring forth the curvature of the vase, using a 5B on darker areas as this object is the darkest locally speaking.
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I also faded the edges to show the vase's glossiness interacting with the surroundings, along with deep lines on the top edge with strong specks of light to show the high contrast of the glazed surface.
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Next I worked on the pattern. I did this by following the marks I made previously, ensuring the spacing between each major line decreased with distance as the curve of the vase and the distance increasing causes them to squash together, basically in a form of foreshortening. Finally, I shaded the rest of the areas of the vase with the deepest value in the middle to show close proximity to me, along with the reflection of the dark carpet as seen before with the pan.
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I was thanking my past self for marking where each rose petal would go - this flower isn't like the hydrangea-esque flowers we could also draw in class which have a very complex petal pattern and require the use of tone to create an impression of petals in abundance. Roses are just complex enough where you still have to render them individually, so thank god I got the hard part out of the way before!
The way to do this efficiently is by marking the silhouette and then the bud in the middle, building the petals row by row around it.
This is the final product of the orchids in the vase, leaving me the pumpkin, apple, other rose, little guy statue and towel to render before formative feedback.
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The rose was a simple process, once again very efficient thanks to previously marking the petals. I started with some base tone to show where the core shadow lies, building up any smaller shadows cast by the petals onto each other.
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At the front of the composition, this apple needs its tone pushed to show its proximity to me; I used my 5B for the deep tone, along with its rougher texture that pushes the spotty nature of apple skin. I used some directional hatching to depict this pattern too.
I marked the core shadow with light tone for the pumpkin, along with some faint lines to show its sections to kickstart my rendering. Next, I shaded the stalk with barely any midtone to match its rough texture, followed by lightly shading the whole pumpkin and building up the core shadow section by section. Finally, I added random hatching in small areas to show the dirt accumulated on its surface.
Since most of my pieces were at least 60% developed, I was able to receive feedback on how to really bring forth my pieces rather than receive feedback of just developing the pieces - this was a success in my time management, as I wasn't left with a lot to do post session.
Drawing credit: Ioannis Markou
When I was independently rendering the specularity piece, I found myself struggling with the glass bottle - objects seen through it caused distortions that I didn't want to include in my piece for unnecessary extra work, so I struggled to visualise this object at home. I gathered references such as images of this bottle in grayscale, pictures online of a glass bottle on a neutral background (not AI!!) and other student work of the same bottle to support my clarity regarding this area.
Since this was the only unfinished area of the specularity piece, it was my main priority in feedback. With my references gathered, I asked Teo for assistance in kickstarting my bottle's render. I was reminded not to overthink the distortions, glass is complex to observe so it's okay to improvise your distortions so long as they feel plausible at a base level.
From here, I developed the glass on my own. I darkened the top half, where the carpet would be seen through it to give an implication of a background, but I was allowed to omit the background itself since the focus is on the objects. I didn't keep this area consistently dark, base highlights do show in the centre of the bottle where light is reflected and clouds over the shadows within.
Then, I started applying cast shadows, ensuring they were deep in tone to read as shadows with a soft gradient at the end.
With the cast shadows applied, this submission piece was complete!
My last piece of feedback for the mark-making piece was to advance the core shadow using line weight and hatching, I added extra pressure to my pencil strokes in areas with high contrast such as the middle of the vase where the terminator lies, along with some small vertical hatching between empty spaces in the pattern to build that tone without actual shading.
For the shape and pattern piece, I was advised to push the core shadow on the vase and use mark-making on the leaves to bring out its definition since I felt they were getting lost in the tone background. Since I had a tone background, I was suggested to cut it off at the top orchid so it pops out and draws more attention to it as the focal subject in the composition. Finally, push the apple's contrast EVEN MORE and erase a little ring of light to show how the highlight wraps around its whole top face. From here, I just needed to finish the little guy, the towel pattern (which Kras added for me) and complete the background.
I started with the little guy statue to warm myself up for finishing this piece. I lightly shaded the core shadow, then followed up with its pattern; this part felt simple due to drawing him before in the mark-making piece so I was familiarised.
I took what I learned from the practice piece, following the folds of the towel to add the grid pattern while also rounding the edges to show the soft fabric extruding from these lines. I made the lines darker when they touched any objects as cast shadows would amplify their dark tone especially. The squares of lighter fabric received sketchy tone, too, which gave it a rough read much like a used, previously soft towel.
I also made sure to follow the ideology of patterns where foreshortening brings their marks closer together with distance, along with shading the separate planes of the towel draped over the cube to give them distinction and actually felt as though it were sitting on an object. This was helped by keeping the corners light, which shows how fabric tends to fold outwards on corners. With that complete, I started applying tone to the background.
Layering the background using cross-hatching helped darken it seamlessly, I also chose this technique to support the shape and pattern theme - softly shaped fruit and vases built with smooth curvature, and geometric, jagged foliage, complimented by a cross-hatched background that feels sharper than the similar grid pattern of the more organic-shaped towel.
lalalala
lalalala
I also made sure the very light orchids were still cohesive with the whole page's value range by adding bold mark-making with hatching that follows the petals' shape, along with deepening the shadows within the middle column.
Mark-making:
Shape and Pattern:
Material and Surface Properties:
Post Mortem:
I'll start off by saying I can see my improvement overall in traditional art - this subject always felt comfortable to me, as the one I'd practiced most in my life but I still have so much room to improve regardless. It was always a familiar art form but that didn't mean I couldn't push my skills further. I believe a big improvement I made is in making my observations feel immersive and plausible which I achieved through relying on tone to create an object, rather than starting with an outline and then rendering within it - the latter method made it feel almost like a cartoon, rather than a realistic art piece. Using tone made objects feel integrated into the piece, while maintaining a boldness that defined it, distinguishing it from the background. This technique can be seen with the orchids.
Contrast was another hurdle to overcome in 1st year, where my artwork wouldn't have a deep enough tone and therefore lacked a range of values which caused a lot of subjects to blend into one another and have no distinction between each other. I still struggle with this, but I believe I've succeeded at placing much darker values by utilising pressure, as seen in the shape and pattern vase, and areas of the pan and lid in the specularity piece which communicates the difference between local values of the pan and glass bottle greatly. I think I've always had an eye for detail but looking back on this block, I can recall intricately rendering certain details with much more caution to better capture my observations and push the realism.
Around the practice session for specularity, I had a stumble where I just had a bad art day - you can't produce perfect art everyday and I'm aware of that which is good, although I feel as though I should've gone back to that practice piece and finished it since it was an expectation regardless rather than accepting the loss on it and moving on. Still, my mindset following it was strong and I didn't beat myself up over having a bad session.
For these pieces, I do feel proud! Although I'll never reach a state of perfection, there are many things to improve. Just by observation, I can see lines that could be cleaner in the mark-making piece like the right side of the vase which didn't erase so I should take caution in making bold lines in case they need correcting like that one did. For shape and pattern, I feel as though I could've communicated the foreshortening of the towel's grid pattern better, but they seem to maintain the same distance all the way to the end at the back. Just adding one more horizontal line close to the back one would've improved this issue a lot. I feel irked by the pan lid in the specularity piece - I believe it's the symmetry, I think I jutted out the very top too much, when it should be flatter as it's further away, curving more at the front where it's closer to me. I also think the pencil sharpener doesn't hold the same level of detail as the other subjects in this piece, it does have attention to detail with the screws and sharpening hole itself, but the rendering feels flat and cartoonish like it did in first year for me. Just lightly adding tone at certain edges would've softened the transitions slightly and made them feel more realistic.
Overall though, I do feel accomplished! I didn't face many perspective or constructive issues (keyword, many) and can feel myself becoming independent in observing compositions. My rendering is becoming more detailed and although I wasn't the biggest fan of still lifes, I'm sad that it's our last one. I'm super excited for next block though! Woohoo!!!