Kayla Jorgensen, Sarina Lykken, Paula Ito Privratsky, Andrew Vaughn
Particularly in educational settings, irregularities in a child's behavior and methods of learning can lead to behavioral review. This can lead to over-diagnosis and 'correction' focused counsel in a child's behaviors that may or may not come from something that needs treatment. These activities outline a brief regime that aims to:
1: Identify behaviors scrutinized by educators and family.
2: Identify behaviors through the child, and how they feel about the scrutiny.
3: Present family stories-- based on an example story, parent(s)/guardian(s) can identify what approaches may be appropriate.
4: Develop an action plan-- how can we address disruptions in their education?
Irregularities in child behavior when compared to others, or with the expectations of educators, can come from clashes in cultural expectations. When clashes occur, educators and family can mistake differing norms for symptoms of disorder. Through being conscious of cultural differences, we can effectively devise a plan for pushing a child's learning experience in a positive direction.
References--
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic. (n.d.). Retrieved November 5, 2025, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/adhd/symptoms-causes/syc-20350889
Children’s Health Council. (2025, August 20). Raising a Son with ADHD: One Mother’s Journey. CHC Resource Library.
https://www.chconline.org/resourcelibrary/raising-a-son-with-adhd-one-mothers-journey/
Ghoshal, M. (2022, March). How Race and Culture Can Impact an ADHD Diagnosis. https://www.medcentral.com/behavioral-mental/adhd/adhd-and-culture-a-complex-dynamic-influences-diagnosis-and-treatment-in-bipoc-patients
Gibson, P. (2025, July 24). Can Cultural Context Drive ADHD Diagnosis? | Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/escaping-our-mental-traps/202505/can-cultural-context-drive-adhd-diagnosis
Novotni, M., PhD. (2022, April 12). Will our kids be OK? ADDitude. https://www.additudemag.com/will-our-kids-be-ok/?srsltid=AfmBOoqsEcK2PcIGe2FP7iwlLqsXRnI-6oQcr3ptQZEmqN8bxKQex9pb
Williesha C, M. (2022, June 28). Childhood ADHD Tips | ADHD in Children of Color. https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/adhd/7-adhd-management-tips-for-families-of-color