How can we reconstruct living and breathing ancient landscapes from fossil leaves?
I think that leaves are a fascinating plant part because they can seem so mundane, and yet you can tie so much of how the world works back to them. The atmosphere is made of oxygen cycled through leaves. Animals need energy that leaves alchemize from sunlight. The ground that we stand on is often made of decaying leaf bits. Leaves are what block out the sunlight when a forest grows, and leaves can release enough water or generate enough heat to create localized climates when in great enough numbers.
Leaves are a part of life's fiber, and those fibers can be traced out, beyond the leaves, into the world at large, and lead to something of an understanding of how all these intersecting systems work.
I am currently most interested in using leaf functional traits in fossils as a means of understanding plant ecological strategies. These are measurable leaf characteristics with known physiological or mechanical significance, and they are an excellent language for fossil leaves, with all their built-in uncertainties, to tell us about how plants once interacted with their environmental milieus.
I am also interested in the mechanisms of fossil leaf classification. Current practice is to "morphotype" fossil leaves when a taxonomic designation is not immediately apparent. This involves using a suite of leaf architectural characteristics to differentiate species without attaching any potentially misleading phylogenetic significance. I think that there must be a trove of untapped information stored among all this leaf architecture data, and I am interested in working on extracting some of it.
The end-Cretaceous mass extinction wiped out over 50% of plant species in what is the only mass-extinction that angiosperms have ever experienced. Despite this massive loss of species, the ecological impact of the extinction, and the nuances of the subsequent floral recovery, are poorly understood. Working with the Denver Museum of Nature and Science, I am studying how plants bounced back from extinction in Colorado's Denver Basin. Thanks to the topographically heterogeneous nature of the basin, we have the opportunity to evaluate different pathways of plant recovery, and the challenge of figuring out what actually drove them.
Leaf mass per area (LMA) is a widely used fossil functional trait, thanks to its well-established correlation with plant resource economy. However, many of the ways that we use LMA in paleobotany are not fully grounded in modern-day empirical research. In collaboration with researchers from the University of Washington, I am investigating what inferences we should actually be making with the limited types of LMA data that we're able to extract from the fossil record.
Much of modern-day paleobotany revolves around measurement and manipulation of digital images of leaf fossils. These techniques can be time-consuming and imprecise, which ultimately means that many available modes of analysis just don't happen. Using neural networks and other computer vision techniques, I am looking into means of facilitating these more tedious elements of paleobotany in the hopes that an improved workflow will lead to more available data, and eventually larger, more statistically powerful studies of fossil leaf morphometrics.
I am from Carnation, Washington. The town was named for the dairy company and not the flower, but I am personally a bit more into flowers than milk. I am a fan of the Seattle Mariners.
I got my bachelor's degree in biology from the University of Washington. Later, I completed a master's degree in earth and environmental sciences at Wesleyan University, where I was advised by Dr. Dana Royer. Currently, I am pursuing a PhD at the University of Wyoming, where my advisor is Dr. Ellen Currano. Thus far, my life story has been dictated by my overwhelming infatuation with the combination of the letters U and W. We'll see how far that takes me.
Mixed in with all of that I have pursued environmental restoration jobs, where I've gotten the opportunity to get my hands dirty and help out some ailing ecosystems in the process.