Addition & Subtraction

Addition

The addition is taking two or more numbers and adding them together, that is, it is the total sum of 2 or more numbers.

Example:1

How many apples are there in all?

There are 7 apples in one basket and 4 apples in the other. So, we add 7 and 4 to find the total number of apples.

To add 7 and 4, we can count forward 4 steps from 7

The symbol used to indicate Addition is + (plus symbol).

So, 7 and 4 can be written as 7 + 4

Addition sentence

An addition sentence is a mathematical expression that shows two or more values added together and their sum.

We can write the mathematical expression for 7 plus 4 equals 11 as:

The numbers that are added are called addends and the answer to addition is called the sum. In an addition sentence, the addends are added to get the sum.

Example 2: Marie bought a designer handbag for $231 and a belt for $199. How much did she spend on both?

To find the total cost, we need to add 231 and 199

We can add the numbers vertically as:

Note:-

Adding 0 to any number gives the sum as the number itself.

Subtraction

After your student has wrapped their head around addition, it’s time to move on to subtraction. Subtraction is one of the fundamental arithmetic operations that students can start learning as early as preschool. Begin to master subtraction by diving into our resources, or help your child get ahead by moving on to more difficult math operations like multiplication or division.

Subtraction

While addition is the process of bringing two or numbers together to make a new total, subtraction is the process of taking away one number from another. This concept can be difficult for some students to understand, so we’ve put together some general rules and tips below.

The minuend, subtrahend and difference are parts of a subtraction problem.In the subtraction problem, 7 – 3 = 4, the number 7 is the, the number 3 is the and the number 4 is the .

subtract means to take away from a group or a number of things.

When we subtract, the number of things in the group reduce or become less.

Subtraction

Terminology

There are many words used to describe subtraction: difference, less, minus, and take away. For example, instead of saying subtract 2 from 5, you could say the difference between 2 and 5 or 5 take away 2. Each part of the subtraction equation also has a specific name: minuend – subtrahend = difference. The minuend is the total number you start with, the subtrahend is the amount you are taking away, and the difference is the final result you are left with.

Checking Work

You can check your answer by working backward using addition. Let’s look at 7 – 3 = 4. If we work backward starting from 4 and add 3 to it, we find that 4 + 3 = 7. Since our sum matches the original minuend, we know that our answer is correct.

Regrouping

To understand regrouping, let’s look at 24 – 8. To start this problem, you would write out the larger number (in this case, 24) first and then write the smaller number directly under it. Make sure that the columns line up (the 8 would go directly under the 4 in 14). Since 4 is a smaller number than 8, we have to regroup in order to subtract these two numbers. The 2 in 24 means that we have 2 groups of ten, so we can borrow a group of ten and move it over to the ones column. By borrowing this group of ten, the 4 then become 14, and we know that 14 – 8 = 6. However, since we borrowed a group of ten, our 2 groups of ten now become 1, making the subtraction in this column 1 – 0 = 1. Therefore, our final difference is 16.

Subtraction can be a tricky concept, but our many subtraction resources are sure to help your child become a master of subtracting numbers in no time!

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