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Reflection of light is the returning back of light in the same medium after falling on a surface.
# Silver is the best reflector of light.
# Silver reflects all light falling on it.
IMPORTANT TERMS
IMPORTANT TERMS
INCIDENT RAY - The ray of light which falls on the mirror surface is called incident ray.
 REFLECTED RAY - The ra of light which is sent back by the mirror surface is called reflected ray.
POINT OF INCIDENCE - The point at which ray falls on mirror.
NORMAL - The normal is an imaginary line which is 90 degree to the mirror drawn at point of incidence.
ANGLE OF INCIDENCE - Angle between incident ray and normal.
ANGLE OF REFLECTION - Angle between reflected ray and normal.
A RAY OF LIGHT
A ray of light is the path along which the light travels.Â
A BEAM OF LIGHTÂ
Many rays of light form a beam of light.
LAWS OF REFLECTION
LAWS OF REFLECTION
1st LAW
The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal all lie on the same plain.
2nd LAW
Angle of incidence is always equal to the angle of reflection.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF REFLECTION
DIFFERENT TYPES OF REFLECTION
REGULAR REFLECTION
REGULAR REFLECTION
Reflected rays are parallel beam of light.
Occurs on a smooth surface.
Plain mirror give regular reflection.
DIFFUSED REFLECTION
DIFFUSED REFLECTION
Reflected rays are in different directions.
Occurs on rough surface.
Sheet of paper give diffused reflection
NOTE : Most of the objects around us causes diffused reflection.
OBJECTS - Anything which emits or reflect the light is called an object.
IMAGES - They are the optical appearances produces when light rays coming from an object are reflected back by the mirror.
TYPES OF IMAGES
TYPES OF IMAGES
REAL IMAGES
Those images which are obtained on screen are called real images.Â
Real images are always inverted.
Example- Images formed by eye on retina.
VIRTUAL IMAGES
Those images which cannot be obtained on a screen are called virtual images.
They are always erect.
Example - Image formed by plain mirror.
LATERAL INVERSION
The interchange of left side and right side in image of the object when reflected by a plane mirror is called lateral inversion.
CHARECTERISTICS OF IMAGE FORMED BY A PLAIN MIRROR
CHARECTERISTICS OF IMAGE FORMED BY A PLAIN MIRROR
Always forms virtual image
Forms an erect image.
Forms image of same size.
It forms laterally inverted image.
Images are at the same distance behind the mirror.
USES OF PLANE MIRRORS
USES OF PLANE MIRRORS
DRESSING TABLES
BATHROOM MIRRORS
BARBER'S SHOP
BEAUTY PARLOURS
REFLECTION OF LIGHT FROM CURVED SURFACES : SPHERICAL MIRRORS
REFLECTION OF LIGHT FROM CURVED SURFACES : SPHERICAL MIRRORS
CONCAVE MIRROR
CONCAVE MIRROR
Concave mirrors are those mirrors where reflection takes place at the concave side.
CONVEX MIRRORS
CONVEX MIRRORS
A convex mirror is that spherical mirror in which the reflection of light takes place at the convex surface (or bulging out surface).
TERMS OF SPHERICAL MIRRORS
TERMS OF SPHERICAL MIRRORS
CENTRE OF CURVATURE - It is the Centre of the hollow sphere of glass of which the mirror is a part.
RADIUS OF CURVATURE - It is the radius of the hollow sphere of glass of which the mirror is a part.
POLE - The Centre of a spherical mirror is called its pole.
PRINCIPAL AXIS - The straight line passing through the Centre of the curvature and the pole of a spherical mirror is called its principal axis.
APERTURE - That portion of a mirror from which the reflection of light actually takes place is called the aperture of the mirror.
PRINCIPAL FOCUS - It is a point on principal axis to which all the light rays which are parallel and close to the axis converge after reflection from the concave mirror.
FOCAL LENGTH - The focal length of a concave mirror is the distance between its pole and principal focus.
RULES FOR IMAGE FORMATION BY CONCAVE MIRROR
RULES FOR IMAGE FORMATION BY CONCAVE MIRROR
RULE 1
Ray parallel to principal axis, after reflection passes through focus.
RULE 2
The ray passing through Centre of curvature, after reflection goes back along the same path.
RULE 3
A ray passing through focus, after reflection becomes parallel to principal axis.
RULE 4
A ray of light incident on pole is reflected back at the same angle.
REFLECTION BY CONCAVE MIRROR
REFLECTION BY CONCAVE MIRROR
CASE 1
CASE 1
OBJECT - AT INFINITY
SIZE - HIGHLY DIMINISHED
IMAGE - AT FOCUS
NATURE - REAL AND INVERTED
CASE 2
CASE 2
OBJECT - BEYOND C
SIZE - DIMINISHED
IMAGE - BETWEEN C AND P
NATURE - REAL AND INVERTED
CASE 3
CASE 3
OBJECT - AT C
SIZE - SAME SIZE
IMAGE - AT C
NATURE - REAL AND INVERTED
CASE 4
CASE 4
OBJECT - BETWEEN C AND F
SIZE - ENLARGE
IMAGE - BEYOND C
NATURE - REAL AND VIRTUAL
CASE 5
CASE 5
OBJECT - AT F
SIZE HIGHLY ENLARGED
IMAGE - INFINITY
NATURE - REAL AND INVERTED
CASE 6
CASE 6
OBJECT - BETWEEN F AND P
SIZE - ENLARGE
IMAGE - BEHIND THE MIRROR
NATURE - VIRTUAL AND ERECT
APPLICATIONS OF CONCAVE MIRROR
APPLICATIONS OF CONCAVE MIRROR
Solar furnaces
Solar furnaces
Dish antennas
Dish antennas
Headlights reflectors
Headlights reflectors
Shaving mirrors
Shaving mirrors
Makeup mirrors
Makeup mirrors
Dentist's mirrors
Dentist's mirrors
RULES FOR IMAGE FORMATION BY CONVEX MIRROR
RULES FOR IMAGE FORMATION BY CONVEX MIRROR
RULE 1
A ray of light parallel to principal axis, after reflection appears to be coming from focus.
RULE 2
A ray of light going towards Centre of curvature, after reflection traces back the same path.
RULE 3
A ray of light going towards focus becomes parallel to principal axis after reflection.
RULE 4
A ray of light incident on pole is reflected back at the same angle.
REFLECTION BY CONVEX MIRROR
REFLECTION BY CONVEX MIRROR
CASE 1
CASE 1
OBJECT - AT INFINITY
SIZE - POINT SIZE
IMAGE - BEHIND THE MIRROR
NATURE - VIRTUAL AND ERECT
CASE 2
CASE 2
OBJECT - IN FRONT OF THE MIRROR
SIZE - DIMINISHED
IMAGE - BEHIND THE MIRROR
NATURE - VIRTUAL AND ERECT
APPLICATION OF CONVEX MIRRORS
APPLICATION OF CONVEX MIRRORS
Convex mirrors used on road corners to avoid collision
Convex mirrors used on road corners to avoid collision
Convex mirrors used for security purposes
Convex mirrors used for security purposes
UNDERSTAND BETTERÂ
THANK YOU
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