Serious Complications (including death)

Deaths in children

Serious Complications in Children

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in U.S. Children and Adolescents "Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with SARS-CoV-2 led to serious and life-threatening illness in previously healthy children and adolescents"

Acute myocardial injury: a novel clinical pattern in children with COVID-19 "children with COVID-19 should be closely monitored to recognise cardiac involvement and to prevent a severe and critical course of illness."

Ethnicity and COVID-19 in children with comorbidities "despite the small number of children admitted to hospital, several important themes emerge: the wide range in severity of the disease, frequent multi-organ involvement, and that most patients were from BAME [Black and minority ethnic] populations."

Septic shock presentation in adolescents with COVID-19 - "Although paediatric patients with COVID-19 are mainly reported to show only mild or moderate symptoms, critical COVID-19 and MODS can occur in the paediatric population."

An outbreak of severe Kawasaki-like disease at the Italian epicentre of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: an observational cohort study - "In the past month we found a 30-fold increased incidence of Kawasaki-like disease. Children diagnosed after the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic began showed evidence of immune response to the virus, were older, had a higher rate of cardiac involvement, and features of MAS."

Neurologic and Radiographic Findings Associated With COVID-19 Infection in Children - "Of the 27 children with COVID-19 pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome, 4 patients (14.8%) who were previously healthy had new-onset neurological symptoms. Symptoms included encephalopathy, headaches, brainstem and cerebellar signs, muscle weakness, and reduced reflexes."

Over 180 children hospitalized with COVID-19 in Florida - 183 hospitalizations and 13 cases of MIS-C as of July 3

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children in New York State - 99 cases of MIS-C in New York state

Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Disease Severity in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a Children’s Hospital in New York City, New York - In a pediatric study, "Approximately one-third of the hospitalized patients (16 [32%]) required some form of respiratory support (eg, nasal cannula, NIPPV, or mechanical ventilation). [...] Two patients had sudden cardiac arrest (pulseless electrical activity) on hospital days 3 and 5, respectively, 1 of whom died."

Clinical Characteristics of 58 Children With a Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally Associated With SARS-CoV-2 - "Of the 58 children, 29 developed shock (with biochemical evidence of myocardial dysfunction) and required inotropic support and fluid resuscitation (including 23/29 [79%] who received mechanical ventilation); 13 met the American Heart Association definition of KD, and 23 had fever and inflammation without features of shock or KD. Eight patients (14%) developed coronary artery dilatation or aneurysm."

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Related to COVID-19 in Previously Healthy Children and Adolescents in New York City - "This study describes 17 previously healthy children and adolescents who developed an inflammatory phenotype related to COVID-19." "The occurrence of abnormal cardiac findings suggests the need for long-term surveillance."

Neurological associations of COVID-19 - "Several reports have described seizures in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection."

Serious Complications in Adults

Early evidence of pronounced brain involvement in fatal COVID-19 outcomes - " there are reports of rapid decline and subsequent death in younger patients with no known comorbidities."

Psychiatric and neuropsychiatric presentations associated with severe coronavirus infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis with comparison to the COVID-19 pandemic - Among COVID-19 ICU patients, "there was evidence for delirium (confusion in 26 [65%] of 40 intensive care unit patients and agitation in 40 [69%] of 58 intensive care unit patients in one study" and "At discharge, 15 (33%) of 45 patients with COVID-19 who were assessed had a dysexecutive syndrome in one study."

Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vs Patients With Influenza - "Patients with COVID-19 appear to have a heightened risk of acute ischemic stroke compared with patients with influenza."

Neurological associations of COVID-19 - "However, neurological disease is also likely to be seen increasingly in patients who are SARS-CoV-2-positive but with few or no typical features of COVID-19, based on knowledge of other epidemic viral infections and cases reported so far.""A growing number of case reports and series describe a wide array of neurological manifestations in 901 patients"

Covid-19 causes sudden strokes in young adults, doctors say - "The new coronavirus appears to be causing sudden strokes in adults in their 30s and 40s who are not otherwise terribly ill, doctors reported Wednesday."

Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19 - "The 31% incidence of thrombotic complications [blood clotting] in ICU patients with COVID-19 infections is remarkably high."

Venous Thrombosis Among Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) - "Mortality of patients with COVID-19 admitted to ICUs has been reported to be high, at 50%. Frequent venous and arterial thrombotic events have been reported, with rates from 27% to 69% of peripheral venous thromboembolism and up to 23% of pulmonary embolism."

COVID-19 and Thrombotic or Thromboembolic Disease: Implications for Prevention, Antithrombotic Therapy, and Follow-Up - "Myocardial [heart] injury in COVID-19, as evidenced by elevated cardiac troponin levels or electrocardiographic and echocardiographic abnormalities, is associated with severe disease"

Potential Effects of Coronaviruses on the Cardiovascular System - "Coronavirus disease 2019 is associated with a high inflammatory burden that can induce vascular inflammation, myocarditis, and cardiac arrhythmias"

COVID-19 and the Heart - "cardiac injury appears to be a prominent feature of the disease, occurring in 20% to 30% of hospitalized patients and contributing to 40% of deaths" "Cardiovascular complications are possible even after recovery from illness."

Association of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) With Myocardial Injury and Mortality - "Thus, it is anticipated that patients with underlying cardiovascular diseases, which are more prevalent in older adults, would be susceptible to higher risks of adverse outcomes and death during the severe and aggressive inflammatory responses to COVID-19 than individuals who are younger and healthier."

The emerging spectrum of COVID-19 neurology: clinical, radiological and laboratory findings - "Preliminary clinical data indicate that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with neurological and neuropsychiatric illness"

Persistent Symptoms in Patients After Acute COVID-19 - "This study found that in patients who had recovered from COVID-19, 87.4% reported persistence of at least 1 symptom, particularly fatigue and dyspnea." "Worsened quality of life was observed among 44.1% of patients."

New-Onset Diabetes in Covid-19 - "In the aggregate, these observations provide support for the hypothesis of a potential diabetogenic effect of Covid-19, beyond the well-recognized stress response associated with severe illness."

Outcomes of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients Recently Recovered From Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) - " In this cohort study including 100 patients recently recovered from COVID-19 identified from a COVID-19 test center, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging revealed cardiac involvement in 78 patients (78%) and ongoing myocardial inflammation in 60 patients (60%), which was independent of preexisting conditions, severity and overall course of the acute illness, and the time from the original diagnosis."