Marine navigation is the art and science of steering a ship from a starting point (sailing) to a destination, efficiently and responsibly. It is an art because of the skill that the navigator must have to avoid the dangers of navigation, and it is a science because it is based on physical, mathematical, oceanographic, cartographic, astronomical, and other knowledge.

Navigation (from the Latin word navigatio) is the act of sailing or voyaging. Nautical (from Latin nautca, and this from Greek  [] nautik [tjne] "[art of] sailing" and from  nautes "sailor") is that pertaining to navigation and the science and art of sailing. Naval (from the Latin adjective navalis) is that relating to ships and navigation, or particularly to the navy.[1]


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There are many methods to do this. The manual methods use tables (trigonometric, logarithms, etc.) to facilitate the calculations. The introduction of calculators and electronic computers at the end of the 20th century greatly facilitated the calculation, but the creation of GPS made celestial navigation no longer important, relegating it to the background as an alternative method in case of failure of the on-board electronics or as a hobby of scientific interest.

More recently, navigation was represented as a woman crowned with ship's sterns whose clothes are agitated by the winds. She rests one hand on a rudder and the other holds the instrument for measuring height. At her feet, the ampoule, the compass, the trident of Neptune and the riches of commerce, while the sea can be seen on the horizon, completed by a lighthouse and traversed by ships at full sail.[11]

There are many other electronic items that assist in navigation, like radar and autopilots. But these are naturally a bit more advanced. What about using a navigational app on your cell phone? There are a number that can prove helpful to boaters, including a wide range of iOS boating apps and Android boating apps.

Charts are simply maps of the water and waterways, with special marking for water depths, channel markers, lighthouses, and restricted areas. NOAA produces charts for US waterways which can be viewed online for free, but to get printed versions you have to purchase charts or books of charts (for larger areas) from a NOAA certified agent. You can also pick up charts and chart books for your local waterway in virtually any marine supply store.

Learn the essentials of safe coastal and inland navigation using basic GPS in conjunction with charts and other marine data. The Marine Navigation course teaches you how to use the GPS along with traditional dead reckoning techniques for planning and laying out safe routes, as well as ensuring that you are on-course while underway.

With this course you will learn the basics of plotting, reading charts, identifying ATONs and using them to find your way on the water as well as an introduction to electronic navigation all presented online where you can study at your own pace. This is the only navigation course to be completely vetted by the US Coast Guard Navigation Center.

GPS is a satellite-based navigation system that provides accurate position fixes 24-hours a day on land, sea and air in any weather with no subscription or fee. This nominal constellation features 32 satellites in medium Earth orbit (MEO) 12,550 miles above the earth. Using timing signals sent by the satellites and knowing the exact orbital locations of the satellites, a GPS receiver can determine your location accurately within 6 meters and your altitude within approximately 10 meters. You can divide the world of GPS devices into 3 different categories: handheld/portable, fixed mount displays and multifunction displays.

Most marine GPS includes features not found on your smartphone apps. West Marine offers the latest in GPS technology with a variety of brands to suit your needs. When the fog rolls in and you need a little help finding your way home, we've got you covered.

Electronic Navigational Charts (ENC) are vector data sets that support all types of marine navigation. Originally designed for large commercial vessels using a sophisticated navigational computer called an Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS), ENCs are now also being used on simpler electronic chart systems and "chart plotters" on many types of ships and by recreational boaters. NOAA ENCs help provide real-time ship positioning, as well as collision and grounding avoidance.

The U.S. Coast Guard in partnership with the Boat US Foundation presents Modern Marine Navigation, an online, self-study course for boaters. This is only navigation course that has been vetted by the U.S. Coast Guard Navigation Center.

Advanced Navigation seeks to not only assist you in navigating exactly where you want your vessels or assets to be in the water, but to leverage our expertise in precision robotics, navigation and artificial intelligence to create new horizons that will mutually benefit human effort and sustainable interaction with marine habitats and lifeforms.

Advanced Navigation has a range of MEMS and fibre-optic gyroscope (FOG) based inertial navigation systems (INS) covering a range of performance grades that make them suitable for various maritime applications, including navigating crewed vessels and autonomous uncrewed surface vessels (USV) and hydrographic survey.

Boreas DFOG products feature gyroscompassing capability that enable them to rapidly establish heading even in conditions of high dynamic motion, such as heave and listing, without requiring GNSS or magnetometers. The reliability of data from the Boreas system provides very high levels of confidence in determining a relative or absolute position of a vehicle or vessel. Additionally, Boreas is much less affected by sources of magnetic interference, which are common to marine surface vessels.

The GNSS Compass is a robust, proven solution that is widely used in marine applications for vessel navigation and for underwater USBL acoustic navigation systems. The dual antenna array provides high-accuracy position, roll, pitch and heading and, with INS capability, is an ideal navigation tool for watercraft of all types. The GNSS Compass seamlessly integrates with our INS solutions and Subsonus USBL to transfer absolute position, heading and motion information to the underwater environment for precision tracking and navigation of underwater assets such as ROVs and AUVs.

Increasing pressure from multiple sectors in response to climate change and increased conservation is significantly altering human interaction with the oceans. There are major pushes towards reducing vessel size and crew numbers and accelerating operations so that off-shore time is minimised. This is being driven by not only third-party clients of marine navigation services but operators themselves to reduce costs and carbon emissions.

Emerging technologies for autonomous water-based vehicles are driving a new approach to off-shore surveys, inspection and data collection. Small scale electrically powered USVs are delivering large reductions in vessel costs and traditional diesel engine emissions through rapid deployment, superior mobility and speed. The adoption of complex AI and high-performance navigation systems and other sensing technologies in conjunction with these vehicles is providing greater scope for marine operations without the previous massive capital expenditure, required skill sets and logistics.

Advanced Navigation has long advocated the use of artificial intelligence and deep learning artificial neural networks. This technology is a feature that enables marine navigation systems, for example, to use previous data to identify and compensate for sensor drift, causing accuracy to improve, over time. Continued refinement and adoption of AI bring benefits in automated systems and robotics. Using AI to interconnect sensor suites and vehicle subsystems enables superior control and the ability for the vehicle to react to its surroundings without human intervention. For example, collision avoidance and performing actions based on recognition of an object of type.

This app is the grandfather to many of the apps on our list and is still used by sailors because of its extensive library of charts and ability to overlay multiple nautical maps simultaneously. Many people that enjoy fishing will find that feature particularly useful. The chart plotter screen can work with GRIB files or connect directly with NMEA instruments for quick displaying of critical boating and systems information. That makes iNavX more complex than other apps, but for seasoned mariners or those looking to integrate with on-board systems this may be the right choice

As mentioned earlier, Wavve Boating is an excellent choice for iOS devices. It has one of the best map app designs with a highly user-friendly interface, accurate data points for navigation, and comprehensive features that are easy to find. Plus, you can mark your favorite destinations for revisiting based on goals like mooring, anchorage, fishing, and getting that fantastic tuna melt you tried at the local dock shack.

iNavX, available on iOS, is also a highly regarded marine navigation app It provides access to a vast library of charts, offers advanced waypoint management, and supports various external accessories, enhancing the overall boating experience.

Aqua Map is a user-friendly and reliable marine navigation app specifically designed for iPhones. It offers offline chart access, customizable features, and incorporates USACE data. Boaters traveling the ICW, or attempting the great loop, will want to consider checking this one out.

Navionics Boating offers a more traditional approach to nautical charts, mixed with real-time weather updates, and optimized for Android devices. It provides a user-friendly interface and reliable navigation tools, making it a popular choice among Android users. e24fc04721

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